• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.17-23
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• 2007

Background: Cerebrovascular diseases are known to show different patterns of incidence among regions and races. Therefore, it is very important to determine the incidence pattern of a specific area in order to diagnose, treat and prevent cerebrovascular diseases. The objective of the present study is to analyze quantitatively the incidence ratios of hemorrhagic and ischemic cerebrovascular diseases by season, by gender and by age. Methods: The subjects of this study were 1603 patients hospitalized for hemorrhagic or ischemic cerebrovascular diseases at the Department of Neurosurgery or the Department of Neurology of a University Hospital. Statistical analysis of data used Excel 2003 of Microsoft, and t-test was conducted using ORIGIN 6.0 of MICROCAL. Results: In the subjects, the incidence ratios of hemorrhagic and ischemic cerebrovascular diseases for four years, the period of this research, were 38.55% and 61.45%, respectively. The mean and standard deviation of age when hemorrhagic cerebrovascular diseases occurred were 58.20 and 12.60, respectively, and the percentages of subjects in their 40s, 50s, 60s and 70s were all around 20%. On the contrary, the mean and standard deviation of age when ischemic cerebrovascular diseases occurred were 65.01 and 13.59, respectively. The average age of patients with ischemic cerebrovascular diseases was older than that of patients with hemorrhagic brain diseases, and the percentages of those in their 60s, 70s and 80s were 15.53%, 37.06% and 27.72%, respectively. The season when hemorrhagic cerebrovascular diseases appeared most frequently was winter, which was followed by summer, spring and autumn. The season when hemorrhagic cerebrovascular diseases appeared most frequently was spring, which was followed by summer, winter and autumn. Conclusions: In this study, the incidence rates of hemorrhagic and ischemic cerebrovascular diseases were 38.55% and 61.45%, showing the rising percentage of ischemic cerebrovascular diseases. For making adequate prevention and disease control plans, it is considered necessary to make a long-term epidemiological investigation of cerebrovascular diseases.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.223-230
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to utilize Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Magnetic Resonance Angiography (MRA) to analyze intracerebral regional distributions (hot spot) of ischemic cerebrovascular diseases which were characterized by stenosis and occlusion cerebral vasculature, except for cerebrovascular diseases induced by rupture of cerebral vasculature in terms of Korean people's cerebrovascular diseases, so that it could apply the findings of analysis to clinical practices. This study focused only on analyzing intracerebral regional distributions of ischemic cerebrovascular diseases that are characterized by stenosis and occlusion cerebral vasculature, because there are different etiologic mechanisms of ischemic cerebrovascular diseases like hemorrhagic cerebrovascular diseases (caused by rupture of cerebral vasculature) and cerebral infarction (induced by atheromatous arteriosclerosis). As a result, this study could come to the following findings of analysis: 1. According to sex ratio analysis, it was found that male group comprised larger portion of total 626 subjects in this study than female one (55.0% > 45.0%). 2. According to analysis on actual intracerebral regional distributions of ischemic cerebrovascular diseases, it was found that most subjects (37.5 %) were attacked by such diseases on the right side of cerebral vasculature, which was followed by left side of cerebral vasculature (35.1%) and bilateral cerebral vasculature (27.3%) respectively. 3. According to analysis on actual intracerebral regional distributions of ischemic cerebrovascular diseases, it was found that internal carotid artery (ICA) comprised the largest portion (38.9%) of those distributions, which was followed by middle cerebral artery (MCA, 35.7%), posterior cerebral artery (PCA, 13.4%), anterior cerebral artery (ACA, 6.0%) and vertebral artery (VA, 3.3%) respectively. 4. It was found that there was no subject attacked by any disease on A-com region, and there was only one male subject attacked by cerebrovascular diseases on P-com region. 5. It was found that female group was more susceptible to the attack of cerebrovascular diseases on MCA region than male one (54.6% > 42.2%), which means significant differences depending upon sex on statistical basis ($x^2$ = 9.64, p < .01). 6. It was found that male group was more susceptible to the attack of cerebrovascular diseases on ICA region (56.4% > 46.8%), which means significant differences depending upon sex on statistical basis ($x^2$ = 5.71, p < .05). 7. Moreover, it was also found that male group was more susceptible to the attack of cerebrovascular diseases on BA region (2.3% > 0.4%), which means significant differences depending upon sex on statistical basis ($x^2$ = 4.25, p < .05). 8. However, it was found that there was not any significant difference in intracerebral vasculature-specific distributions of cerebrovascular diseases depending on age of subjects, and stenosis comprised larger portion of cerebrovascular diseases than occlusion.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.28 no.2 s.50
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• pp.473-486
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• 1995

A hospital-based, matched case-control study was carried out to evaluate the relation ship of various suspected risk factors including snoring and serum level of cholesterol to cerebrovascular disease in Korea. A total of 127 incident cases of cerebrovascular disease(74 cases of cerebral infarction and 53 cases of intracerebral hemorrhage) admitted to. the department of neurology in a university hospital from December, 1993 to March, 1995 were compared with 127 matched controls admitted to same hospital in same period. A multivariate analysis suggested that ECG abnormality(left ventricular hypertrophy and atrial fibrillation), family history of cerebrovascular disease, fundoscopic abnormality, previous history of transient ischemic attack and hypercholesterolemia were risk factors of cerebrovascular disease, ECG abnormality, fundoscopic abnormality, smoking and hypercholesterolemia were also suggested as risk factors of cerebral infarction.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.97-119
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• 1999

한국, 일본, 미국의 생명표, UN의 인구연감, WHO의 세계보건통계연감 등 공식통계를 활용하여, 한국 노인의 기대여명 및 사망원인별 사망력을 미국 및 일본과 비교하여 파악하고 있다. 한국 노인의 기대여명은 미일보다 빠른 속도로 증가하고 있는데, 1970년대 중반 이후는 미국처럼 여자보다 남자 노인의 기대여명 증가가 빠르면서, 남녀 노인의 기대여명 차가 감소하고 있다. 1997년 현재 65세시 기대여명은 남자 13.64세, 여자 17.26세로 남녀간 3.62세 차이를 보이며, 출생후 남자 72%, 여자 88%가 65세까지 생존한다. 노인의 주요 사인은 미일과 마찬가지로 순환기계질환 및 악성신생물인데, 순환기계질환중 한일은 뇌혈관질환이, 미국에서는 허혈성 심장질환이 노인의 주된 사망원인이 된다. 한국 남녀 노인의 연령층과 상관없이 허혈성 심장질환 및 폐렴 사망률은 미일보다 낮고, 뇌혈관질환, 고혈압성질환, 위암, 간암, 결핵, 당뇨병, 정신 및 행동장애, 간질환 및 교통사고 사망률은 미일보다 높다. 대부분의 사망원인에서 남자사망률이 여자사망률보다 높지만, 한국의 고혈압성 질환, 간암, 폐암 및 간질환에 의한 성별 사망률 격차가 미일보다 크며, 한미일 모두 75세 이상 노인의 정신 및 행동장애에 의한 여자 사망률보다 남자사망률보다 높게 나타난다. 사망원인 생명표 작성결과를 보면, 1997년 현재 한국의 65세 남성과 여성은 순환기계질환 제거시 각각 3.47년과 2.7년을, 악성신생물 제거시 각각 3.87년과 1.58세의 기대여명 증가를 예상할 수 있고, 일본에 비해 특정 사인을 제거시 상대적으로 많은 기대여명 증가를 기대할 수 있는 사망원인은 남자 노인의 간질환 및 교통사고를 들 수 있다.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.114-127
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• 2018

This study aimed to investigate the levels of Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA), health behavior and sleep quality and to examine the predictors of OSA in patients with ischemic cardio-cerebrovascular disease. 141 patients who were admitted to the vascular unit were recruited and surveyed using structured questionnaires. Saturation of Peripheral Oxygen (SpO2) was measured at three time points using a pulse oximeter. Data were analyzed using SPSS/WIN 20.0. The mean age of the subjects was $64.4{\pm}11.1$ years and 61% was men. The 21.3%(n=30) of the subjects were classified as high-risk for OSA by the cut point and 71.6%(n=101) had low sleep quality. OSA high-risk group showed significant difference in SpO2 in the middle of sleep (p=.006) and at the end of sleep (p=.004) compared to the low-risk group. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that perceived frequent snoring, smoking, obesity, lack of exercise among health behavior were found as predicting factors on OSA. OSA or persistent snoring should be recognized as a cardiovascular risk factor in the cardiovascular nursing practice. In addition to early treatment of OSA, education and counseling should be provided to patients and their family for prevention of secondary recurrence.

• The Journal of the Korean life insurance medical association
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• v.17
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• pp.17-19
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• 1998

• 한국노년학
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.1-14
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• 2005

Objectives. The purpose of this study is to analyze the social-environment factors by region for cause of death elderly people in Korea and to study the factors of longevity. Methods. The study included 16 regions with a total of 177,585 elderly peoples. The data in this study was collected from The National Statistical Office, Republic of Korea. Results. Those regions the highest cerebrovascular disease were Incheon County in that order. The correlation of social-environment by cause of death factors were divorce (+0.832), air pollution of Pb ; lead (+0.879), smoking (+0.895), fatness (+0.666), local tax revenue (+0.756), air pollution of SO2 (+0.602) and dirt road (+0.863). Conclusions. We should learn to live long and healthily from residence harmonized with natural environment. Longevity of elderly peoples is to be fostered for the promotion of health by control the social-environment factors.

• 건강소식
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• v.26 no.12 s.289
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• pp.6-13
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• 2002

뇌졸중, 심근경색 등의 심혈관질환은 암과 더불어 우리나라의 주요 사망원인이다. 2002년 통계청이 발표한 2001년 사망원인통계를 보면 인구 10만명 당 암이 123.5명으로 1위, 뇌졸중 등 뇌혈관 질환이 73.8명으로 2위, 심장질환(허혈성 심장질환과 기타 심장질환 포함)이 34.2명으로 3위였다. 이러한 심혈관질환의 예방을 위해서는 평소 뇌혈관질환을 일으킬 수 있는 위험인자들을 잘 관리할 필요가 있다. 사망률이 높은 심혈관질환의 주요 위험요인은 성별, 연령 등 선천적으로 타고나는 고정요인과 흡연, 비만 등 본인의 노력에 따라 생활습관을 바꿔 위험을 낮출 수 있는 변동요인으로 나눌 수 있다. 성별, 연령은 바꿀수 없지만 생활습관은 바꿀 수 있다. 심혈관 질환 예방에 있어서 가장 중요한 것은 기본적인 건강관리 수칙인 금연, 과음하지 않기, 균형있는 올바른 식생활, 규칙적인 운동, 표준체중 유지하기, 정기검진 등이다.특히 심혈관 질환은 채소류와 식물성 단백질, 식물성 지방 등을 위주로 한 식이요법이 도움을 줄 수 있고 튼튼한 혈관을 가지기 위해서 질 좋은 단백질과 비타민ㆍ무기질을 충분히 섭취해야 하며 콜레스테롤의 배설을 돕기 위해 섬유소가 충분한 식사를 한다. 갑자기 추워진 날씨로 생명을 다투는 뇌졸중이나 협심증, 심근경색 등 심혈관 관련 질병이 발생하기 쉬운 겨울철이다. 행사가 많은 연말에 과음을 삼가며 금연하고, 평소 담백한 한식 위주의 식사, 꾸준한 운동 등으로 건강관리에 힘써서 치명적인 심혈관 질환에 미리미리 대비하도록 한다.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.10 no.9
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• pp.391-396
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to present basic research data to utilize magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with analyzing intracerebral regional distributions of ischemic cerebrovascular disease of middle aged and oldest-old aged people. We retrospectively analyzed middle-aged group (average age of 44.2 year-old, 43 males, 26 females) and oldest-old aged group (average age of 84.7 year-old, 58 males, 71 females) who taken MRI screening for ischemic cerebrovascular disease from May 2006 year to January 2008 year. The intracerebral vascular were classified into 8 vessels, which anterior communication artery (ACoA), posterior communication artery (PCoA), anterior cerebral artery (ACA), middle cerebral artery (MCA), posterior cerebral artery (PCA), internal carotid artery (ICA), common carotid artery(CCA), and basilar artery (BA). The result of middle-aged group showed that more ischemic cerebrovascular diseases appeared in men than women, and it affected in MCA mostly. In oldest-old aged group, ischemic cerebrovascular diseases occurred evenly spaced in intracerebral region of right, left, and both vessels, and women have more than men. For men, the most occurred in ICA and for women the most occurred in MCA. Specially middle-aged group in men showed that more ischemic cerebrovascular diseases in MCA appeared than oldest-old aged group in men. It is suggested that the analysis on ischemic cerebrovascular could be helpful in the clinical diagnosis and treatment.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.82 no.1
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• pp.261-266
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• 2021

Ischemic stroke is one of the manifestations of reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS). Many precipitants and associated disorders of RCVS have been suggested. However, few case reports have indicated an association between anemia and RCVS. Here, we report a case of a 66-year-old female with severe iron deficiency anemia (IDA), who presented with ischemic stroke and cerebral vasoconstriction, which gradually improved with conservative treatment. High-resolution vessel wall magnetic resonance imaging findings and reversibility suggested the possibility of RCVS. In patients with RCVS and ischemic stroke, IDA should be considered. Prompt management should be delivered to prevent disease progression and recurrence.