• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2000.04a
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• pp.65-68
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• 2000

To understand the antioxidative mechanism in plant cell cultures, we investigated the levels of antioxidant enzymes and low molecular antioxidants in 100 cell lines derived from different plant species. SOD and POD activities in plant cell lines were significantly higher than intact plants. The cell lines from sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) and cassava (Manihot esculeanta) showed the highest POD and SOD activities, respectively, suggesting that the cell cultures of sweet potato and cassava are good biomaterials for the mass production and molecular study of antioxidant enzymes. The average ascorbate content in plant cell lines was several hundred times lower than intact plants, whereas the glutathione content was 2-3 times higher than plants. Interestingly, the ratio of reduced and oxidized ascorbate and glutathione was different from plant species. In conclusion, the results strongly suggest that plant cell cultures are good biomaterials for the study of antioxidative mechanism and the production of useful components including antioxidants.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.21 no.11
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• pp.1612-1618
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• 2011

The present study was undertaken to analyze the effects of different types of treatment on excess post exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC), flexibility, free radical and antioxidants in women using a horseback riding therapeutic device. Subjects were trained in regular horseback riding exercises for 12 weeks (3 times/wk). The effects of this exercise were examined by means of a single session of horseback riding that lasted for 30 min. 21 women were recruited from a public health center and divided into 3 groups (passive recovery group, passive+massage recovery group, and dynamic recovery group). 3 types of recovery patterns were determined after a single trial of horseback riding exercise. Their flexibility were determined pre-and post-training by Paired T test, and ANOVA were used to analyze the data. The results were as follows: Among the 3 groups, the dynamic recovery group showed the highest levels of EPOC compared to the other groups, and also showed higher levels of anti-oxidants, as did the passive+massage recovery group compared to the passive recovery group. Moreover, horseback riding exercise greatly increased flexibility in the women. In conclusion, regular horseback riding training is recommended to enhance the flexibility of women and dynamic recovery is recommended to enhance EPOC and anti-oxidants after a single bout of exercise. Further study is needed in this area.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Grassland Science Conference
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• 2002.09a
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• pp.19.1-19
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• 2002

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.349-356
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• 2002

In order to observe the bioactivity of ovariectomized rats, nonovariertoized (sham) group, ovariectomized (Ovx) group, ovariectomized ginseng total saponin (GTS)-treated (Ovx+ GTS) group and ovariectomized ginseng water extract (GW)-treated (Ovx+CW) group were made. We measured AST (L-aspartate aminotransferase) and ALT (L-alanin aminotransferase) in sera, and MDA (malondialdehyde:lipid peroxidation), SOD (superoxide dismutase), catalase, total-glutathione (GSH + GSSG) and GPx (glutathione peroxidase) in liver tissue total homogenates of rat. AST activity of serum in Ovx group was 2.11 times increased, but ALT activity was not changed compared to Sham group. In AST activity, they tend to decrease significantly in each substance such as GTS and GW administered group. Lipidperoxides of each fraction in Ovx group were highly increased compared to Sham group. Extracts of ginseng-treated group markedly inhibited lipid peroxidation by 62% ∼72%. And as the result of the measurements of SOD, catalase, total-glutathione and GPx which are antioxidant enzyme, antioxidant enzymes in Ovx group much lower than in Sham group. But they were significantly increased in each substance such as GTS and GW, administered group. Based on the results, it is supposed that more produced free radicals decreased antioxidant enzyme. And it is also thought that extracts of ginseng can inhibit aging by reducing antioxidant enzyme.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Fisheries Technology Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.133-134
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• 2001

발효식품에 함유되어 있는 저분자 peptide는 발효 동안이나 가수분해되는 과정에서 생산된다. 이렇게 생성된 저분자 peptide는 생물학적 활성이 크다고 보고되고 있다. 생리기능성 펩티드의 종류를 살펴보면, 동물성 유래의 호르몬류나 식물성 유래의 효소 저해물질 등 활성형으로 존재하는 현재적(顯注的) 생리 활성 peptide, 소화과정이나 식품가공 과정에서 부분 가수 분해에 의해 불활성형 단백질로부터 파생되는 잠재적 생리활성 peptide, cyclo (His-Pro) 등과 같은 가수분해 이외의 기구에 의해 생성되는 생리활성 펩타이드 등이 있다. (중략)

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Plant Biotechnology Conference
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• 2002.04b
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• pp.49-58
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• 2002

Oxidative stress derived from reactive oxygen species (ROS) is one of the major damaging factors in plants exposed to environmental stress. In order to develop the platform technology to solve the global food and environmental problems in the 21st century, we focus on the understanding of the antioxidative mechanism in plant cells, the development of oxidative stress-inducible antioxidant genes, and the development of transgenic plants with enhanced tolerance to stress. In this report, we describe our recent results on industrial transgenic plants by the gene manipulation of antioxidant enzymes. Transgenic tobacco plants expressing both superoxide dismutase (SOD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) in chloroplasts were developed and were evaluated their protection effects against stresses, suggesting that simultaneous overexpression of both SOD and APX in chloroplasts has synergistic effects to overcome the oxidative stress under unfavorable environments. Transgenic tobacco plants expressing a human dehydroascorbate reductase gene in chloroplasts were showed the protection against the oxidative stress in plants. Transgenic cucumber plants expressing high level of SOD in fruits were successfully generated to use the functional cosmetic purpose as a plant bioreactor. In addition, we developed a strong oxidative stress-inducible peroxidase promoter, SWPA2 from sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas). We anticipate that SWPA2 promoter will be biotechnologically useful for the development of transgenic plants with enhanced tolerance to environmental stress and particularly transgenic cell lines engineered to produce key pharmaceutical proteins.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.69-77
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• 2002

Oxidative stress derived from reactive oxygen species (ROS) is one of the major damaging factors in plants exposed to environmental stress. In order to develop the platform technology to solve the global food and environmental problems in the 21st century, we focus on the understanding of the antioxidative mechanism in plant cells, the development of oxidative stress-inducible antioxidant genes, and the development of transgenic plants with enhanced tolerance to stress. In this report, we describe our recent results on industrial transgenic plants by the gene manipulation of antioxidant enzymes. Transgenic tobacco plants expressing both superoxide dismutase (SOD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) in chloroplasts were developed and were evaluated their protection effects against stresses, suggesting that simultaneous overexpression of both SOD and APX in chloroplasts has synergistic effects to overcome the oxidative stress under unfavorable environments. Transgenic tobacco plants expressing a human dehydroascorbate reductase gene in chloroplasts were showed the protection against the oxidative stress in plants. Transgenic cucumber plants expressing high level of SOD in fruits were successfully generated to use the functional cosmetic purpose as a plant bioreactor. In addition, we developed a strong oxidative stress-inducible peroxidase promoter, SWPA2 from sweetpotato (lpomoea batatas). We anticipate that SWPA2 promoter will be biotechnologically useful for the development of transgenic plants with enhanced tolerance to environmental stress and particularly transgenic cell lines engineered to produce key pharmaceutical proteins.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.57-61
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• 2000

We investigated the levels of glutathione (GSH) and its oxidized form (GSSG) in 24 cell lines derived from various plant species to understand the antioxidative mechanism in plant cell cultures. The total glutathione content was 98$\pm$27 $\mu$g/g cell fresh wt, showing a slight difference in plant species. The average contort of GSH and GSSG was 72$\pm$20 and 26$\pm$10 $\mu$g/g cell fresh wt, respectively. The average GSH content in plant cell lines occupies approximately 73% in total glutathione. During the suspension cultures of Scutellaria baicalensis, one of the plant species we tested, the GSH content decreased in proportion to the cell growth during the exponential growth stage, showing the low level at the stationary growth stage (84 $\mu$g/g cell fresh wt), whereas the GSSG content increased to the stationary growth stage (31 $\mu$g/g cell fresh wt). The results suggested that the ratio of GSH and GSSG should be involved in the cell growth and antioxidative mechanism in cultured cells.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.362-371
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• 1996

In this study, the relationships between sensitivity to oxyfluorfen, absorption of the herbicide, protoporphyrin IX(Proto IX) accumulation and activities of antioxidative enzymes were examined to identify the tolerance mechanism against oxyfluorfen in various rice cultivars having different level of tolerance to this herbicide. Absorption of oxyfluorfen in tolerant rice cultivars was slower than in susceptible cultivars. Proto IX accumulation in various rice cultivars treated with oxyfluorfen was higher in susceptible cultivars than in tolerant ones. In susceptible cultivars especially, Proto IX accumlated rapidly during the herbicide treatment in the dark. Large amounts of Proto IX accumulation were considered to cause membrane lipid peroxidation in the light. However, among the tested rice cultivars, there was little relationship between their tolerance to oxyfluorfen and the activities of antioxidative enzymes. Therefore, it is assumed that differential susceptibility of rice cultivars to oxyfluorfen was due to difference in their capability to absorb the herbicide and to subsequently accumulate Proto IX.

• KOREAN ASSOCIATION OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH NURSES
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• v.8 no.2 s.28
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• pp.10-18
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• 2001

우리나라 대기오염의 수준은 지난 90년대 초반 이후 아황산가스와 총부유분진의 농도가 감소하고, 대신 오존과 이산화질소의 농도가 증가하면서 점차 다른 선진국에서 경험하는 대기오염현황을 보이고 있다. 한편 PM10과 PM2.5와 같은 미세분진의 경우 그 측정기간이 짧고 자료가 제한적이지만, 일부 지역에서 증가추세를 보이고 있으며, 그 수준을 비교하였을 때 현재 선진국에서 책정한 미세분진의 규제농도를 훨씬 상회하는 것으로 판단된다. 대기오염으로 인한 건강영향으로는 급성으로 고농도에 수 시간에서 수 일 동안 노출되는 경우 폐기능의 저하, 심박동의 변화, 그리고 신체내 염증물질의 증가 등 인체 기능의 변화가 보고되고 있으며, 기존에 폐장질환이나 심혈관질환을 앓고 있는 사람들의 경우 증세의 악화와 의료이용의 증가 등을 경험하거나 더 나아가 사망에 이르러 수명이 단축되는 것이 보고되고 있다. 급성노출의 경우 미세분진 PM10 10 $\mu$m/m3 당 전체 사망률이 0.5-1$\%$ 가량 증가하는 것으로 보고되며, 만성노출을 조사한 코호트 연구에 근거하는 경우 대기오염에 노출되는 전체 인구에 있어 PM2.5 1 $\mu$m/m3 당 1개월의 수명이 단축되는 것으로 추정되고 있다. 아직 대기오염으로 인한 건강영향의 기전이 전부 밝혀진 것은 아니지만, 일부 연구에서 대기오염물질 중에서 전이금속의 역할이 보고되고 있으며, 대기오염에 노출되면서 기관지, 폐포 및 혈액 등에서 염증매개물질의 분비 및 확산 그리고 심장을 비롯한 각 장기 기능의 변화가 보고되고 있다. 한편 이러한 변화들이 증세와 건강상의 비가역적 변화를 야기하는데 있어 대기오염 수준의 역치는 없는 것으로 판단되고 있다. 이러한 대기오염의 영향에 대한 개인수준의 해결책으로서는 자동차 사용의 절제 및 개인적인 쓰레기 소각의 자제 등 오염원 발생의 감소와 함께 대기오염 수준에 따른 증세 및 투약의 적절한 조절과 신체 활동의 조절을 통하여 오염원을 회피하는 것이 강조되어야 하며, 또한 흡연 특히 실내흡연의 금지와 실내 주방기구 및 난방기구의 관리 등이 구체적으로 제시될 수 있다. 마지막으로 대기오염물질들이 신체에 들어와 산화제로 작용하는 만큼, 식품을 통한 항산화제의 섭취가 일반적인 건강관리 수준에서라도 반드시 강조되어야 할 것이다.