• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.25-50
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• 2005

This study estimates the willingness-to-pay (WTP) for avoiding the destruction of a first-grade ecological area by means of contingent valuation method. Specifically, we employ the dichotomous choice technique along with the follow-up questionnaires. Our analysis implies the yearly WTP per household for avoiding the destruction of the ecological area of 100,000 pyongs is 8,898 won with the 95% confidence interval of 6,611~11,976 won. We estimate the asset value of that area to be 1,707 billion won with the 95% confidence interval of 1,269 to 2,298 billion won. We also decompose the total value of the area into the value of direct (22%) and indirect (38.8%) use, the option value (19.9%) and the conservation value (21.3%). Although using these data for SEEA (the system of integrated environmental economic accounting) is bound by certain restrictions, one could employ our empirical findings as advisory information for decision making in the process of prior environmental review or for assessing the environmental impact.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.288-298
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• 2017

The system of high-speed and conventional railway vehicles is diversified, and significant technological development in performance has been achieved. This study analyzed the modal change characteristics; furthermore, it estimated the value of travel time by improving the travel time and cost for the passenger's perception of railway. In this study, we formulate a mode choice model for passengers and compare it with the mixed logit model which reflects individual taste variation. In addition, the validity of the analysis is presented through an estimation the value of travel time using the derived model. For this purpose, a stated preference survey was conducted with 510 people using public transportation. The benefits of time-saving can be accurately determined by estimating the value of time spent on the railway. Appropriate fares for public transportation can also be estimated.

• Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology
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• v.6 no.6
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• pp.403-412
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• 2016

As transaction and investment using technology are vitalized, the need for objective standards for the technology is increasing. Current technology value evaluation system is limited lacking reliability and objectivity. Besides the traditional evaluation methodology which are market approach, income approach and cost approach other diverse evaluation methodology such as real option method and royalty calculation method are being studied; however currently there are no dominant evaluation methodology in the market. Same value evaluation system cannot be applied between similar technologies because value of technology is relatively decided based on the target. Approaching through collective intelligence and crowd sourcing, in meaning of majority participant's decision can make objective and better result than handful of experts, suggest alternative to problems of such matter above. By grafting the four types of crowd sourcing model which are Wisdom, Voting, Funding and Creation, this paper will discuss the ways to enhance the objectivity of technology evaluation through direct evaluation utilizing expert group and the public's indirect evaluation.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.845-873
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• 2008

This study estimates the VSL(value of a statistical life) as well as the WTP(willingness to pay) for mortality risk reduction using sample selection model with data on liver cancer examination which is associated with little possibility of multi-purpose(i.e. joint production) in averting behavior. The marginal benefits of mortality risk reduction are estimated by applying for household production function model with medical expense and the time required for medical examination of liver cancer. Individuals are more likely to take liver cancer test if they are male, older, higher educated, those with spouse, smoker, more income of household, and more anxious about their health. The costs of liver cancer examination are statistically significantly affected with expected signs by size of mortality risk reduction, sex, period of eduction, those with spouse, and household income. The marginal effect of mortality risk reduction owing to taking liver cancer examination is estimated at 321,097 won. The costs of liver cancer examination are increased by 905 won with more one year of education period and by 1,743 won with more one million won in household income. On liver cancer examination, male spends more 12,310 won than female and those with spouse pay more 7,969 won than those without spouse. Therefore the VSL from mortality risk reduction due to liver cancer examination is 321.10 million won at mean size of mortality risk reduction and mean cost of liver cancer examination. The results of sensitivity tests on costs and effects of liver cancer test shows that the VSLs are estimated in a range from 160.55 million won to 642.19 million won.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.75-90
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• 2003

In this paper we have shown that a Pigouvian tax is an adequate resolution of congestion externality to attain Pareto optimality using utility maximization. For this objective, taking an open access freeway as an example, we not only derived both marginal private benefit and marginal social benefit, but also assessed the divergence between marginal private benefit and marginal social benefit. As a result, we identified that the amount of a Pigouvian tax should be the same amount as the external time cost, which is the value of the marginal time cost to Individual a incurred by Individual b through freeway congestion. This Pigouvian tax coincides with the profit or wealth maximizing toll suggested by literature on the basis of profit maximization. In addition, because an open access freeway is accounted as common property resource, we proved that average social congestion cost is essentially equal to marginal private congestion cost in our model. Finally, we showed that the optimal value of trip derived in our model is the same as that generated on profit maximization approach.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.15-24
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• 2017

The major goal of this paper falls on developing new rational valuation model, to help companies and investors in the early stage of growth as to preparing and negotiating valuation of investment, by applying new reasonable discount indexes of calculating Discount Cash Flow in valuation of the start-up which has been recognized the critical fatal flaws of DCF with them. There are three specific studies done in this paper. First, this paper found the solid and viable bases of rational discount indexes as to applying DCF in valuing companies in the early growth stage with reviewing the previous studies including Berkus method, Scorecard Method, and Risk factor Summation method classified the most effective tools of valuing pre-revenue generating companies. Second, this paper quoted and analyzed the previous models and studies, so called, 'DCF-Prime' of applying DCF method as to value companies in the early growth stage by taking all risk factors innate to the companies in the early growth stage as the discount rate Beta coefficient. Third, this paper propose more viable and solid valuation models, so called, 'DCF-Plus'of combing all validated valuation factors in Berkus, Scorecard, and Risk Factor Summation methods into applying separate discount bracket after DCF Valuation over the companies in the early growth stage instead of taking them as the factors of discount rate, beta coefficient, like the previous model of DCF-Prime. DCF-Plus mainly developed in this paper will not only provide more rational valuation bases as to investment negotiation between companies and investors in the early growth stage, but also providing more accountable guidelines to companies in the early growth as to prepare investment raising and accelerating their company's value by themselves.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.11
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• pp.155-167
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• 2016

Technology valuation is necessary for determining the feasibility of technology commercialization. However, existing methods focus only on technology evaluation, with limitation in sufficiently reflecting buyer viewpoint. In addition, it causes a gap between estimated value and market value. Therefore, this research suggests a new technology valuation method which focuses on the perspectives of buyers. Technology factors, buyer factors and market factors are first determined and their relationships are analyzed. Second, based on the relationships, profit projections are calculated using the discount cash flow method. Finally, profit projections for each year are discounted. The proposed method was applied using the ubiquitous home network system and audio service and illumination control method and results compared with the value of a technology valuation guide distributed by the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy. The technology valuation approach used in this research is quantitative and systematic and can be used as a decision making support tool in technology transfer, reflecting various perspectives of stakeholders.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.79-98
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• 2009

Web traffic is becoming an important indicator to make inferences about internet companies' future prospects so that traditional firm valuation methods need to be modified to integrate the ideas of web traffic information as a major asset of internet companies. It is because web traffic is a measure of attracting visitors to firm's web site and is the basis for internet companies' marketing expenditure and customer acquisition and retention. Also the web traffic represents the internet companies' technological advances and marketability. The major purpose of this study is to show the relevance of web traffic for valuation of internet companies. For this, we test hypothesis with the firm's web traffic and financial data using the analysis model of Hand(2000a) derived from the log-linear model introduced by Ye and Finn(1999). Test results show that the web traffic, more specifically the number of unique visitors, visits, and page views are all positively related to the firm's value. This implies that the web traffic information should be considered as one of the important non-financial indicator for the internet firm valuation.

• The Korean Journal of Financial Management
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.19-32
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• 1995

본 연구에서는 한국 주식시장에서의 주가행태가 Froot-Obstfeld(1991)의 내재적 거품모형(intrinsic bubbles model)과 일관성을 갖는지의 여부를 규명하기 위하여, 실질주가와 실질배당의 연별 및 분기별 시계열자료를 이용하여 실증분석을 실시하였다. 실증분석에 이용된 표본기간이 짧다는 점과 배당금 추정상의 잠재적인 오차가 본 연구의 실증분석 결과의 적극적인 해석을 제약하고 있으나, 전통적인 주가결정모형으로서의 현재가치모형은 일관성 있게 기각되고 있으며, 내재적 거품모형도 한국 주식시장에서의 주가행태와 일관성을 갖지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 실증분석 결과는 우리나라 주식시장에 다음과 같은 시사점을 주는 것으로 생각된다. 기업의 배당정책이 액면 배당 일변도로 이루어지는 우리나라의 실정에 비추어 볼 때 기본적 가치 (fundamentals)로서 배당을 중시하는 주가결정모형은 애초부터 한계를 가질 수 밖에 없을 것이다. 본 연구에서의 실증분석 결과가 배당의 비정상성(nonstationarity)에 의거한 주가결정 모형들을 기각하는 것 이라면, 앞으로의 연구과제는 우리나라의 주가행태와 일관성을 갖는 주가결정 모형을 개발하는 일이 될 것이다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.1832-1839
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• 2006

제품의 개념설계 단계는 제품의 주요특성과 라이프 사이클 전반에서 발생하는 Life Cycle Cost(LCC)의 대부분을 결정하는 중요한 단계이다. 이에 따라 개념설계 단계에서의 Life Cycle Cost Analysis(LCCA)의 필요성이 강조되고 있다. 그러나 LCCA는 제품의 경제성과 사용성, 친환경성 사이에서의 합리적인 의사결정을 지원하기에 한계가 있다. 본 논문은 개념설계 단계에서의 새로운 의사결정지원도구로서 기업 관점의 제품 라이프사이클 기업 가치(LCCV)분석 프레임워크를 제안하고, 그 핵심모듈인 기업 비용 예측모델 (LCCCEM)을 소개한다. 이 프레임워크를 통해 기업이 제품의 경제성과 시장성, 친환경성 사이에서 보다 전략적이고 합리적인 의사결정을 수행하도록 지원할 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.