• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 2003.09a
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• pp.47-51
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• 2003

본 연구는 용도별 토양에 대찬 중금속 및 불소 농도 특성을 알아보기 위하여 비교적 오염 개연성이 구분될 것으로 판단되는 도로, 공장, 학교운동장, 적환장, 공원, 약수터 주변 등, 그동안 비교적 조사 자료가 부족하였던 토양을 대상으로 한강 남쪽에 위치한 11개 구청(양천구, 강서구, 구로구, 영등포구, 관악구, 동작구, 강남구, 강동구, 서초구)에서 6개의 용도별로 시료를 채취하여 pH, Cd, Cu, Pb, Hg, F 항목을 분석하였다. 조사 결과 용도별 토양의 pH는 4.7~9.5의 범위로 나타났으며, 중금속 및 불소 평균 농도는 Cd 0,391mg/kg, Cu 12.354mg/kg, Pb 13.04mg/kg, Hg 0.0866mg/kg, F 206.8mg/kg이었다. 용도별 토양에 대한 최대, 최저 농도는 Cd이 잡종지 0.632mg/kg, 학교용지 0.079mg/kg, Cu는 도로용지 21.354mg/kg, 학교용지 2.159mg/kg, Pb은 도로용지 24.70mg/kg, 학교용지 1.03mg/kg, Hg은 잡종지 0.1780mg/kg, 학교용지 0.0087mg/kg, F의 경우 임야 282.0mg/kg, 학교용지164.9mg/kg로 나타나서 전체적으로 Cd, Cu, Hg은 대부분 적환장으로 이용되고 있는 잡종지가, Pb은 도로용지에서 각각 높은 농도를 나타내었고, F는 임야 지역을 대상으로 한 토양에서 높은 농도를 보였다. 그러나 학교용지는 Cd, Cu Pb, Hg, F등에서 상대적으로 다른 용도별 토양보다 낮은 농도를 나타내었다.

• The Journal of Sustainable Design and Educational Environment Research
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.9-17
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• 2023

This study explores school location, school environment, educational conditions, and appropriate scale of schools in the context of Sejong City's development area and identifies effective school establishment plans based on the analysis of the needs of the educational community. The research questions for this study include, first, what is the change trend in the number of students as a result of the opening of schools in the development area of Sejong City to the present, and what differences are there between Sejong and other new cities? Second, what challenges arise in school location due to the occurrence of oversized schools and undergraduate institutions? Third, what challenges arise in school location that would limit the ability to create a safe school environment? Fourth, what aspects need to be improved in school location decisions to promote proper placement? A survey was conducted among parents and faculty members to collect data. The findings revealed that first, when establishing a school, identifying an appropriate location for the school was the top priority of the respondents. The second was the proximity of the school to dense housing, with a parent drop zone next to the school site. Third, to address the issue of lack of playgrounds and special class and care classes, respondents called for various measures such as securing school sites within a certain area. Finally, integrated operation schools and school facilities are required in preparation for decreasing school-age populations due to low birth rates.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2015.05a
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• pp.583-585
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• 2015

Recently, the lawn has plenty of uses in parks, school grounds, golf courses, gardens, etc. So the lawn market is expected to grow. But the cost of running for lawn management has increased, and there are also environmental issues by using pesticide. In this study, we propose Smart Lawn-management System based on Image Processing which increase the efficiency of management and reduce expenses of operation.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.42-51
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to analyze the actual conditions of school forests using a field survey and to establish the construction methods considering satisfactions of students using a satisfaction inquiry. The results of the this study are as follows: many trees had the highest score whereas reduction of noise had the lowest score in the satisfaction analysis of 15 items. According to the result of the factor analysis, 3 factors were determined to be most important from 15 items of satisfaction, and they were Environmental Function, Educational and Recreational Function, and Ecological Function. Next, students were classified into 4 groups using factor scores by cluster analysis. Group I had very high effectiveness in the Environmental Function and group II had low effectiveness in all factors. Also, group III had very high effectiveness in the Educational and Recreational Function, and group IV had very high effectiveness in the Ecological Function. According to the analysis results of the character of the school on students' group, the satisfaction of school forests was high when students of group II were few and other group's students were similar. As these schools use a lot of parts of the playground for green space, there was more school forest than at other schools. Also, students of these schools were experiencing the school forest through educational programs. Therefore, school forests should be constructed by increasing the green area and considering the satisfaction factors of students through various experience and education programs and by the way utilizing wide space than adding the tree in the garden.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.53-64
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• 1997

지난 20여년간의 비약적 경제 성장을 통하여 우리 사회는 모든 물리적 측면에서 양적인 성장과 질적인 발전을 거듭하여 왔다. 이러한 경제 성장기를 거치면서 우리의 삶은 다각도에서 변화를 겪었으며 건축환경에도 많은 변화가 있었다. 정보화, 세계화라는 시대적 흐름은 우리의 생활자체를 급속도로 변화시키고 있으며 업무용 시설을 포함한 모든 건축물이 대형화, 고층화 뿐 아니라 정보화, 현대화되고 있다. 그러나, 교육의 중요성과 이를 뒷받침해 줄 학교 시설의 중요성에도 불구하고 교육환경의 질적 개선은 상대적으로 낙후되어 있는 상황이라고 할 수 있다. 교육개혁위원회의 교육개혁방안이 계속적으로 나오고 있고 서울의 불암초등학교를 필두로 한 시설 현대화 시범학교가 시도별로 마련되고는 있지만 전반적인 교육 환경은 아직 열악한 상태이다. 특히 구도심부에 위치한 초등학교의 경우, 준공된 후 30년 이상 경과된 학교 건물을 사용하고 있는 경우가 적지 않아 안전상의 문제마저 안고 있는 실정이다. 따라서, 건물의 내구 연한이 그 한계에 달해 가고 유지보수비용이 계속적으로 늘어 경제성을 잃어 가고 있는 학교들을 대상으로 한 재건축과제가 신설 학교의 신축 또는 기존학교의 이전 못지 않은 주요 과제로 대두되고 있다. 더욱이 기존 학교의 재건축사업은 수업을 진행시켜가며 철거 및 신축공사가 단계적으로 수행돼야 한다는 어려움을 갖고 있다. 본 연구는 초등학교의 재건축을 위한 기본적인 자료를 정리하고 배치 및 평면 계획을 중심으로 한 계획 대안을 작성, 검토하여 대안별 장단점을 분석한 후 가장 바람직하다고 평가되는 안을 제시하는 것을 연구의 범위로 하였다. 계획안의 작성에 앞서 실시된 문헌조사 및 실측조사를 통하여, 신축되는 홍파초등학교에 필요한 시설의 내용 및 규모가 산정되었는데 특기할 사항은 좁은 대지임에도 불구하고 가능한 체육관 시설을 포함시키고자 하였다는 것이다. 홍파초등학교 부지는 $8,960m^2$ 정도밖에 안되는 좁은 부지로서 운동장도 제대로 확보할 수 없는 상황이었으나 체육관의 높은 활용도 및 장래의 필요성을 고려하여 소규모라도 계획되는 것이 바람직하다고 판단하였다. 열린교육에의 대응, 제반 특별교실의 확충, 식당 및 지하주차장의 확보 등 모든 시설이 현재 및 장차의 사용에 적합하도록 계획하여 현 시설의 1.5배 정도의 연면적을 갖는 신축 계획안을 작성하였다. 서울대학교와 광운대학교에서 분담하여 실시된 계획안의 작성을 통하여 총 4개의 계획안이 도출되었으며 이 대안들을 채광 및 환기, 학년별 zoning, 기능별 zoning, 열린교실의 정도, 지역사회에의 개방성, 재건축 공사의 용이성, 규모, 옥외공간의 활용성, 동선 계획, 조형성 등 10개 항목을 기준으로 평가하였다. 이러한 비교분석을 통하여 결론적으로 제1안을 최적안으로 제시하게 되었으며, 이를 바탕으로 구체적인 최종 설계안이 도출되기를 기대하는 바이다.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.9 no.10
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• pp.229-235
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• 2018

The Hanok church is an important cultural heritage that can be considered from a religious point of view of life in the modern age in Korea. We will investigate the bounadaries of the Hanok church built in modern age and the characteristics of Hanok architectural. To do so, we have conducted field trips, interviews, and repair reports of the Gimje Geumsan Church in the Jeollabuk province. The Geumsan Church is present, and the architectural characteristics can be confirmed in detail. In addition, Yugwang School, which was responsible for the education function, was able to guess the location and size through the data. As a result, the boundaries of Geumsan Church is the present fence, the west side has the building, and the east side has the playground. The Geumsan Church's flat form was divided into male and female according to the space configuration of ㄱ-shaped reflecting Confucian thought of the time. And it seems that the Yugwang school was located in the entrance part of the modern church with a two-frame scale, which is suitable for lecture.

• Journal of The Korean Ophthalmological Society
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• v.59 no.12
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• pp.1195-1200
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• 2018

Purpose: To report a case of anterior segment ischemia after superior and inferior rectus muscle surgery in a patient with superior rectus muscle enlargement. This is the first report in the Republic of Korea of anterior segment ischemia after two rectus muscles surgery. Case summary: An 80-year-old male was referred to our clinic with a 3 years history of diplopia. The patient had 30 prism diopters right eye hypertropia in the primary position and downgaze limitation. The orbital computed tomography scan revealed enlargement of the right superior rectus muscle. He underwent right superior rectus recession and inferior rectus resection. On postoperative day 2, slit lamp examination revealed diffuse corneal edema, Descemet's membrane folding, an aqueous flare and a dilated pupil. Treatment with 45 mg oral steroid was initiated, and 1% prednisolone acetate and 0.5% Levofloxacin eye drops were administered. At postoperative 1 month, the patient was orthophoric in the primary position, and there was no corneal edema, pupil abnormality or aqueous flare. Conclusions: Base on the present case, the possibility of anterior segment ischemia should be considered after even two muscles surgery, and older patients with vertical muscle surgery should be considered more carefully.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.91-100
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• 1999

School is the center for life of the students, 30% of Korean population. Students spend half of their daily life at school. However, amenity of school is not so good because school grounds in Korea are covered with soil while in USA and Europe with turf. This study was conducted to provide guidelines for constructing natural turf ground at school. 1. As of 1999, number of school grounds covered with turfgrass in Korea is only 130 out of 10,345. More turfs grounds should be constructed to improve amenity of school. Dept. of Education in Japan supports schools to establish turf grounds. 2. In Korea, only Zoysia japonica is used while in Japan several turfgrasses such as Zlysiagrass, bermudagrass and tall fescue are used. 3. In Korea and Japan, turfgrass at school is planted on soil based rootzone system resulting poor quality by heaby traffic. Recently in Japan, sand based rootzone systems such as Califonia and USGA systems are used at the schools with many students. 4. School turf both in Korea and Japan was managed by students and teachers. Turf quality of schools in Korea was not so good due to the poor management.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2018.05a
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• pp.132-132
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• 2018

홍수피해 발생 시 각 지역의 특성에 따라 피해의 정도가 다르게 나타나고 있다. 도시지역의 경우 포장도로로 인하여 불투수 면적이 넓어 배제 시설의 허용 용량을 초과하는 강우 발생 시 지표면 위로 유량이 누적된다. 특히 농촌지역에 비해 도시지역에서 국지적으로 기습적인 강우에 빈번히 침수피해가 발생한다. 우리나라 도시지역은 인구와 건물이 밀집되어 재산과 인명피해 및 교통체증 등으로 인한 간접피해 등 농촌지역에 비해 더 큰 피해가 발생할 수 있다. 도시 지역의 침수 피해 저감을 위해 우수 유출 저감시설과 내수배제 시설을 설치하여 우수의 유출을 지연시키거나 인위적으로 방류부 하천으로 방류시키는 방법이 있지만 이러한 시설의 설치에는 막대한 비용이 필요하며, 내수배제시설이 설치된 장소에 따라 침수현상이 다르게 나타나 저감시설 설치 전 공간적, 효율적으로 설치 가능한 장소와 침수 저감 효율에 대한 분석이 필요하다. 본 연구는 도림1 배수분구를 대상으로 XP-SWMM모델을 이용하였으며, 2010년 09월 21일 침수 발생 당시의 강우를 적용하여, 연구대상지역의 도시유출해석을 진행하였다. 또한, 어린이 공원과 학교운동장에 가상지하저류조를 설치하였을 시 침수저감 효과에 대하여 연구를 진행하였으며, 다양한 지하저류조 설치 시나리오에 따른 침수저감효과를 수심별 침수면적으로 나타내어 분석을 실시하였다. 본 연구를 통해, 도심지 지하 저류시설 도입의 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.5-14
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• 2003

The purpose of this survey study is to analyse the playground dimension of elementary school. To complete this mission, it is necessary to drive out elementary school have a lower dimension standard of playground through literal survey. Then, questionnaire and observation survey have been performed to teachers majored in physical education and these are focused on playground dimensions. The field survey study will provide the basic data for calculating proper playground dimensions and design source for planning space program of the school. The result of this survey study are as follows ; First, The Area of 'Gyo-ghi' is decreasing, and the land area of being used for 'Gyo-sa' is increasing. So the area of playground is decreasing. Second, The respondents require a playground size enough to contain 100m running track for testing the physical ability of students. But it is not possible to do so in current domestic condition, it is necessary to revise of the standard of physical test or enact a new one. Third, to solve the problems deviating from the playground size, the respondent suggests that set up a new gym or variable-size playgrounds rather than a large one Fourth, because playground has so much functions as rest, playing, walking and jogging etc besides physical education, it is necessary to consider the spaces for rest and play, when plan a tower-type school or small school.