• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.12
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• pp.246-252
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• 2020

This study used the raw data of the 15th (2019) Korean Youth Health Risk Behavior Survey to investigate the risk factors of the health-risk behaviors of Korean multicultural adolescents on the subjective oral symptoms. The scope of the multicultural family was limited to children of immigrant women's families married to Korean men and immigrant male families married to Korean women, and 572 were selected as the final study subjects. The sociodemographic variables were surveyed as gender, grade, economic level, and school performance. The health risk behaviors included drinking, smoking, medication, stress, sleep satisfaction, suicidal thoughts, depression, and brushing before bedtime. The oral symptoms examined were toothache, gum pain, and halitosis. As a result, toothache was related to drinking, toothbrushing before sleep, stress, sleep satisfaction, suicidal thoughts, and depression. Gum pain was associated with drug use, sleep satisfaction, suicidal thoughts, and depression. Halitosis was associated with medication, brushing before sleep, stress, suicidal thoughts, and depression. In terms of health risk factors, drinking, stress, and sleep satisfaction were risk factors for toothache. Smoking, sleep satisfaction, and suicidal thoughts were risk factors for gum pain. The presence of toothbrushing and stress were risk factors for halitosis. In conclusion, a policy system is needed to support oral health education programs nationally at times, such as after-school activities or club activities, to promote oral health for teenagers.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.303-327
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• 2020

Previous studies have examined the relationship between domain satisfaction and life satisfaction. However, a comprehensive investigation of satisfaction with multiple domains and their relative contributions to life satisfaction and hedonic balance are missing in the literature. And most studies were conducted in English speaking countries and only a few cross-cultural studies have been conducted. In the current research, we compared Korean and European Canadian university students to examine how domain satisfactions (satisfaction with healthy lifestyles, family relationships, appearance, financial situation, academic performance) are associated with life satisfaction and hedonic balance. We then examined the relative contributions of people's satisfaction ratings on the life domains to their life satisfaction and hedonic balance. Positive correlations were observed between satisfaction with each of the five life domains, and life satisfaction and hedonic balance across the two cultural groups. Interestingly, satisfactions with healthy lifestyles was the dominant predictor of Koreans' life satisfaction and hedonic balance. Satisfaction with appearance was the dominant predictor of European Canadians' life satisfaction and hedonic balance followed by satisfaction with healthy lifestyles. Overall, these results suggest that there are common life domains that contribute to subjective well-being and that there are specific life domains that may contribute more to subjective well-being depending on the culture.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.867-875
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• 2022

This study was to identify the cultural competence and educational needs for cultural nursing competence according to the cultural contact experience. The survey participants were 125 nursing students in S university of Gyeonggi-do. The data were collected through self-report questionnaires from October 1 to 31 in 2021. Data were analyzed using independent t-test, one-way ANOVA of the SPSS WIN 21.0 program. The cultural competence was 3.49±0.55 points, and the educational needs for cultural nursing competence was 8.25±0.10 points. The cultural competence showed significant differences according to academic score(F=7.465, p=.001), multicultural friend(t=-2.477, p=.016), foreign language communication ability(t=-3.113, p=.002), and suburban multicultural education (t=-2.030, p=.045), and there was no difference in educational needs for cultural nursing competence according to cultural contact experience. It is necessary to provide an educational program that enhances foreign language communication and strengthens qualitative contact experience with multicultural subjects in order to increase the cultural competency of nursing students.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.502-509
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to analyze physics problem solving processes according to students' cognitive style in the area of 'Force and Motion' at high school level. Students who have already learned t e area of 'Force and Motion' during the first semester of the 10th grade have taken physics test and cognitive style test to choose students who have basic knowledge of physics and reflective or impulsive style. Four students who got over 19 points in the cognitive style test were selected as reflective students, and another four students who got below 12 points were selected as impulsive students. After explaining the purpose and procedure of this study, think-aloud method was introduced to the students, and the students practiced it. After that, the students solved three quantitative and qualitative problems each. Then, the questionnaire on the belief system on physics and physics problem solving and prerequisite knowledge test were also administered. By recording the students' problem solving processes, protocol was made and analyzed. After solving the problems, the students expressed their confidence, intimacy, and preference on each problem by the five point Likert scale. Impulsive students tended to succeed in solving more problems, less intimate, and more spontaneous and positive in seeking alternative solution when confronted with unacquainted problems. On the other hand, reflective students used more time in executing the problems even without planning, and used more time in solving problems and verification. Whether making effective plan or not was important rather than how much time they used in the planning step. In addition, repeating steps were more likely shown to impulsive students; they tended to be attached to their first idea.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.33-45
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to investigate the association between dietary behavior and related factors according to the generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) in adolescents. The results of analyzing demographic characteristics according to the GAD showed that gender, age, BMI, type of school, residence type, father's nationality, smoking and drinking experience, perceived health status, perception of body shape, economic status, academic achievement, physical activity, sedentary time and smartphone usage time were related to the GAD (p<0.01). The results of analyzing dietary behavior according to the GAD showed that the frequency of water intake, sweetened beverage intake, fast food intake, fruit intake and breakfast intake were related to the GAD (p<0.001). The results of analyzing depression and suicidality according to the GAD showed that depression, suicidal ideation, planning, and attempts were all related to the GAD (p<0.001). Even after adjusting for factors corresponding to demographic characteristics, it was confirmed that the level of GAD had a significant effect on depression and suicidality. This study is significant in that it provided basic data on adolescent mental health problems by analyzing dietary behavior and related factors according to the level of GAD.

• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
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• 1972.03a
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• pp.6-7
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• 1972

The air pollutants can be classified into the irritant gas and the asphixation gas, and the irritant gas is closely related to the otorhinolaryngological diseases. The common irritant gases are nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, hydrogen carbon compounds, and the potent and irritating PAN (peroxy acyl nitrate) which is secondarily liberated from photosynthesis. Those gases adhers to the mucous membrane to result in ulceration and secondary infection due to their potent oxidizing power. 1. Sulfur dioxide gas Sulfur dioxide gas has the typical characteristics of the air pollutants. Because of its high solubility it gets easily absorbed in the respiratory tract, when the symptoms and signs by irritation become manifested initially and later the resistance in the respiratory tract brings central about pulmonary edema and respiratory paralysis of origin. Chronic exposure to the gas leads to rhinitis, pharyngitis, laryngitis, and olfactory or gustatory disturbances. 2. Carbon monoxide Toxicity of carbon monoxide is due to its deprivation of the oxygen carrying capacity of the hemoglobin. The degree of the carbon monoxide intoxication varies according to its concentration and the duration of inhalation. It starts with headache, vertigo, nausea, vomiting and tinnitus, which can progress to respiratory difficulty, muscular laxity, syncope, and coma leading to death. 3. Nitrogen dioxide Nitrogen dioxide causes respiratory disturbances by formation of methemoglobin. In acute poisoning, it can cause pulmonary congestion, pulmonary edema, bronchitis, and pneumonia due to its strong irritation on the eyes and the nose. In chronic poisoning, it causes chronic pulmonary fibrosis and pulmonary edema. 4. Ozone It has offending irritating odor, and causes dryness of na sopharyngolaryngeal mucosa, headache and depressed pulmonary function which may eventually lead to pulmonary congestion or edema. 5. Smog The most outstanding incident of the smog occurred in London from December 5 through 8, 1952, because of which the mortality of the respiratory diseases increased fourfold. The smog was thought to be due to the smoke produced by incomplete combustion and its byproduct the sulfur oxides, and the dust was thought to play the secondary role. In new sense, hazardous is the photochemical smog which is produced by combination of light energy and the hydrocarbons and oxidant in the air. The Yonsei University Institute for Environmental :pollution Research launched a project to determine the relationship between the pollution and the medical, ophthalmological and rhinopharyngological disorders. The students (469) of the "S" Technical School in the most heavily polluted area in Pusan (Uham Dong district) were compared with those (345) of "K" High School in the less polluted area. The investigated group had those with subjective symptoms twice as much as the control group, 22.6% (106) in investigated group and 11.3% (39) in the control group. Among those symptomatic students of the investigated group. There were 29 with respiratory symptoms (29%), 22 with eye symptoms (21%), 50 with stuffy nose and rhinorrhea (47%), and 5 with sore thorat (5%), which revealed that more than half the students (52%) had subjective symptoms of the rhinopharyngological aspects. Physical examination revealed that the investigated group had more number of students with signs than those of the control group by 10%, 180 (38.4%) versus 99 (28.8%). Among the preceding 180 students of the investigated group, there were 8 with eye diseases (44%), 1 with respiratory disease (0.6%), 97 with rhinitis (54%), and 74 with pharyngotonsillitis (41%) which means that 95% of them had rharygoical diseases. The preceding data revealed that the otolaryngological diseases are conspicuously outnumbered in the heavily polluted area, and that there must be very close relationship between the air pollution and the otolaryngological diseases, and the anti-pollution measure is urgently needed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.627-635
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• 2003

This study was performed to investigate the relations between dietary habit and academic achievement, subjective health judgement, and physical status. The subjects consisted of freshmen in university and answered to questionnaires through the Internet. The questionnaire consists of the dietary habit, academic achievement (College Scholastic Ability Test), subjective health judgement, and physical status during their 3$^{rd}$ grade in high school days. Data were collected from 3,612 people. Over 33% of respondents had their breakfast daily. Subjects who had breakfast below twice per week were 37.9%. The major reason of skipping breakfast was lack of time to eat breakfast (62.8%). The subjects who recognized the importance of breakfast were 80.6% (p＜0.001). More than half (52.7%) thought that dinner was most tasty. People who ate breakfast regularly had a tendency to recognize their health state were in good health (p＜0.01). There was no significant difference of BMI (body mass index) according to the frequency of breakfast per week. The subjects who had their breakfast regularly and well-balanced dietary habit reported higher marks in the College Scholastic Ability Test. In contrast, the subjects who rarely had breakfast showed poor marks of academic achievement and subjective health judgement. According to these results, a good dietary habit is considered to be important to academic achievement and confidence in health. Therefore we suggest the school breakfast program and nutrition education program should be required for teenagers. In addition, the findings from this study would provide the basic information for nutrition education in Korean teenagers..

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.69-76
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• 2000

Purpose: The Pathogenesis of primary noctllrnal enuresis(PNE) is still controversial. Genetic factor and maturational delay of micturition reflex including arousal disorder, lack of nocturnal Arginine Vasopressin(AVP) release and functional bladder capacity have been suggested. We analyzed the risk factors of PNE. Methods: Fifty five children with PNE (20 enuretics diagnosed at school physical examination of the first grade students at Mok-Dong Elementary School and 35 enuretics (Age 6-7 year) diagnosed at Ewha Womans University Mok Dong Hospital) and 221 control students without PNE at school physical examination were included. Genetic, stress and developmental factors, arousability, water intake, urine volume, maximun voiding volume and daytime voiding dysfunction were compared. Results: 1) There was no significant difference between PNE and control group in sex ratio, birth order, percentage of working mothers, parental and child personality, age to start walking, school record and duration of sleep. 2) Family history in the PNE group was significantly higher than control group ($20.0\%\;vs\;2.7\%$)(P<0.05). 3) The difficulty in arousal in the PNE group was significantly more common than the control group ($70.9\%\;vs\;54.3\%$)(P<0.05). 4) Nocturnal water intake in the PNE group was significantly greater than the control group ($330{\pm}158.2\;mL\;vs\;235{\pm}129.5\;mL$). Nocturnal urine volume in the PNE group was significantly greater than the control group ( $390{\pm}61.5\;mL\;vs\;140{\pm}43.2\;mL$)(P<0.05). Daily water intake and daily urine volume did not significantly differ between the two groups. 5) Maximum urine volume per void in the PNE group was significantly lower than the control group ($107{\pm}35.9\;mL\;vs\;236{\pm}41.3\;mL$). Daytime voiding dysfunction in the PNE group was significantly more common than the control group ($80.0\%\;vs\;57.9\%$). The voiding frequency in the PNE group was significantly greater than the control group ($7.0{\pm}3.6\;vs\;5.4{\pm}1.6$)(P<0.05). Conclusion: In addition to genetic factors and maturational delay of micturition reflex (difficulty in arousal, nocturnal polyuria and decreased functional bladder capacity) nocturnal polydypsia was found to be the important risk factors fur PNE. So nocturnal fluid restriction should be encouraged as the first-line management of PNE.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.256-267
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• 2009

This study was conducted to investigate nutritional knowledge related to breakfast and dietary behavior of elementary school students by gender and skipping breakfast. The subjects of this study were the 6th grade elementary school students (Total 237; 119 males and 118 females) in Daejeon. The group who ate breakfast six to seven times per week was 58.6%; The group who ate breakfast zero to five times per week was 41.4%. Most of subjects' families (84.4%) were 'nuclear family' and 63.8% of mothers held jobs. There was a significant difference between family income and skipping breakfast. As for the type of breakfast, 79.0% of the male students and 81.4% of female students answered 'cooked rice' and the reasons for skipping breakfast were 'no appetite' followed by 'not enough time', 'over sleeping'. In the eating breakfast group, frequency of having breakfast with family was higher compared to the skipping breakfast group. Total scores of nutritional knowledge related to breakfast in the female students were significantly higher than those of the male students. Also significant differences were found on such questions as 'the relation between eating breakfast and body weight control' and 'importance of breakfast' by skipping breakfast. The dietary behavior scores of the group who ate breakfast were higher than those of the group who skipped breakfast. Therefore, a need exists to develop and distribute a simple breakfast menu that contains Korean-style food and can be more appetizing and appealing to Korean elementary school students. Also it is necessary to develop a systemic awareness program that emphasize the importance of breakfast and the harmfulness of skipping breakfast.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.193-199
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• 2016

The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between health-risk factors and oral health in Korean adolescents. This cross-sectional study was based on the 9th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-Based Survey (2013). The final participation rate in the survey was 96.4%. of a Total of 72,435 adolescents (age, 12~18 years) who had participated in the survey, 66,951 adolescents (33,777 boys and 33,174 girls) were selected for analysis, after excluding those with missing data. The key variables were oral health factors (one or more of the six oral symptoms), general characteristics (five factors), and health-risk factors (five factors). After adjusting for the general characteristics, frequency analysis, ${\chi}^2-test$ using PASW Statistics ver. 18.0, and logistic regression analysis were performed to understand the effects of health risk-factors on the oral symptoms experienced by the study subjects. Subjects who answered 'Yes' for alcohol consumption had a 1.33 times higher risk of experiencing oral symptoms. Further, subjects who smoked were at a 1.2 times higher risk of experiencing oral symptoms. With regard to internet use, the risk of experiencing oral symptoms was 1.25 times higher for subjects who used the internet for 7 hours or more than for those who used it for less than 1 hour. Compared to those subjects who had not experienced violence in school, the odds ratio of subjects who had experienced it 3~4 times was 1.54-fold higher. The study found that health-risk factors were associated with oral symptom experience. Therefore, programs to understand health-risk factors and interventions should be developed for Korean adolescents and provided on a regular basis along with oral health education.