• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.839-851
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• 2008

Purpose: This study was conducted to examine the effects of aroma-therapy combined with heat application on pain, ROM of lower limb joints, and discomfort from activities of daily living(ADL) among the patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Methods: Aroma blended oil was rubbed over the knees and ankles of 19 experimental group A and 20 B, and then heat therapy was given using an electric hot & wet poultice pad to only group A. There was no treatment on the 19 control group. There was measured for pain, ROM of lower limb joints and discomfort of ADL. The data was analyzed using SPSS Win 11.0 program. Results: In comparing the effects of pain reduction by time, the ROM of lower limb joints, and discomfort of ADL, there were significant differences among three groups. There was no significant difference between experimental group in pain scale by time, range of ROM of knee and ankle joint and discomfort of ADL. Conclusion: On the basis of results, aroma-therapy can be applied as a nursing intervention to reduce pain for not only rheumatoid arthritis patients but also for other patients with other diseases.

• Journal of rehabilitation welfare engineering & assistive technology
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.207-214
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• 2016

The aim of this study was to evaluate Influence on intra-limb coordination in individuals wearing knee brace during walking. Seven healthy male adults ($32.3{\pm}2.7$ years old, $175.2{\pm}3.8cm$, $76.2{\pm}8.7kg$) participated. They wore knee brace or didn't wear any knee brace and were asked to walk along a 10 m long walkway. Spatiotemporal parameters, angles of the lower limbs, and intra-limb continuous relative phase (CRP) were measured and calculated. No differences of spatiotemporal parameters were shown (all p > 0.05). There were no changes in the angle and its range of motion (ROM) in the hip for the subjects as wearing knee brace, while ROM ($65.5{\pm}3.7^{\circ}$ vs. $60.5{\pm}3.5^{\circ}$, p < 0.05) of the angle and maximum flexion angles (stance: $31.9{\pm}4.6$ vs. $25.6{\pm}5.5$, swing: $76.7{\pm}3.1$ vs. $68.9{\pm}3.4$, all p < 0.05) in the knee significantly decreased. No changes in ROM of angle in the ankle were shown, whereas maximum dorsiflexion decreased ($22.4{\pm}2.6$ vs. $19.2{\pm}2.1$, p < 0.05) and maximum plantarflexion increased ($9.5{\pm}3.0$ vs. $15.7{\pm}2.2$, p<0.05). There were no changes in most of CRP between joints. CRP between the hip and knee joints decreased ($93.0{\pm}7.8$ vs, $84.7{\pm}4.9$, p < 0.05). Most of CRP standard deviation increased (between the hip and ankle joint during swing: $25.1{\pm}6.7$ vs. $32.4{\pm}1.9$, between the knee and ankle joint during stance: $46.0{\pm}12.9$ vs. $80.1{\pm}31.1$, between the knee and ankle joint during swing: $34.5{\pm}4.1$ vs. $37.6{\pm}3.1$, all p < 0.05). These results indicated that wearing knee brace affected joint angle and intra-limb coordination, but less affected gait features.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.263-264
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• 2011

본 연구에서는 한국인 표준체형과 유사한 사람의 의료 영상 자료를 이용하여 인체 골격계 모델을 개발하였다. 이를 동역학 해석 상용 소프웨트어인 RecurDynTM에 탑재하여 인체 시뮬레이션 모듈을 개발하였고 타당성을 검증을 거친 후 노인의 앉기-서기 및 보행 동작해석에 적용하였다. 노인이 보행기(elderly walker)를 사용하여 앉기-서기 동작을 할 때 하지관절 기구학의 변화는 미비하였으나 보행 시 각 관절의 가동범위가 감소하였고 동작시간이 증가하였다. 또한 근전도 해석결과 일부 발목 주변 근육들과 햄스트링 근육에서 근활성치가 줄거나 활성시간이 줄었다. 이러한 변화는 보행기를 이용한 보행 때 하지의 기여도가 감소했기 때문에 발생하는 현상으로 생각된다. 본 연구를 통해 얻어진 시뮬레이션 기술은 다양한 인체 정보 콘텐츠분야에 널리 활용될 것으로 생각된다.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.25-31
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• 2005

이 사례연구는 2002년 10월 15일 칼에 의한 좌상으로 경추 3-4번의 불완전 척수손상을 입은 25세의 남자 환자가 최초 병원에서 2002년 12월 한달 간의 치료를 마친 후, 2003년 1월 3일부터 4월 28일까지 태릉에 위치한 N 재활센터에서 주 5회 2시간의 자세조절 훈련, 심폐지구력 훈련, 웨이트 훈련, 스포츠(축구, 소프트 볼), 여가활동(등산)의 프로그램을 적용하여 척추손상 환자의 사회적응을 돕기위한 재활 프로그램의 다양화를 꾀하기 위한 기초 선행 작업으로 시작되었다. 신체능력을 평가하기 위한 측정도구는 관절가동범위(Range of Motion), 수동근력검사(Muscle Manual Test), 경직(Spasticity), 신체체력(Physical Fitness), 발란스(Balance: one leg stand), 상대적인 등속성 하지근력(Isokinetic Muscle Strength) 그리고 신체조성(Body Composition)로 하였다. 재활기간을 통해 처음 시작 일자에서 45일 간격으로 3차례의 측정을(1월 3일부터 4월 28일까지 실시하였다) 실시하였다. 최초 환자의 상태는 부분적으로 일상생활의 도움을 받아야 하는 상태로 동작을 시작하려 할 때 경직이 발생되어 옷을 입고 벗기, 신발 신고 벗기, 운전, 식사, 보행과 계단보행, 경사보행에서 보조자의 도움이 필요했으며, 작은 물건 잡기와 글씨쓰기, 타이핑 작업은 불가능 한 상태였다. 또한 스포츠 활동과 여가활동 역시 불가능 한 상태였다. 3달 15일간의 기간 동안 환자는 복학을 준비하기 위해 적극적으로 치료에 임했으며, 결과는 다음과 같았다. 신체조성은 재활 훈련을 통해 체중, 체지방율(%), 복부지방율(WHR)의 많은 감소를 가져왔다. 경직을 측정하는 Ashworth Scale은 정상에 가깝게 감소하였다. 관절가동범위는 고관절, 무릎, 발목에서 모두 증가하였다. 수동근력검사(0-9)는 많은 향상을 가져왔다. 신체체력능력 항목에서 근지구력의 윗몸일으키기와 팔굽히기, 악근력, 유연성으로 앉아 체간 숙이기, 민첩성으로 사이드 스텝, 순발력의 서전트는 모두 크게 향상되었다. 환자의 일상능력에서도 옷을 입고 벗기, 신발 신고 벗기, 운전, 식사, 보행과 계단보행, 경사보행에서 보조자의 도움이 필요없었으며, 타이핑 작업은 5손가락을 모두 사용하지는 않았지만, 1분에 80타로 큰 향상을 가져왔다. 또한 축구와 소프트볼, 등산을 달에 1회 정도 실시하여 약간의 도움만으로 가능하게 되었다.

• Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association
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• v.54 no.1
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• pp.37-44
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• 2019

Purpose: Tumor infiltration around the knee joint or skip metastasis, repeated infection sequelae after tumor prosthesis implantation, regional recurrence, and mechanical failure of the megaprosthesis might require combined distal femur and proximal tibia replacement (CFTR). Among the aforementioned situations, there are few reports on the indication, complications, and implant survival of CFTR in temporarily arthrodesed patients who had a massive bony defect on either side of the knee joint to control infection. Materials and Methods: Thirty-four CFTR patients were reviewed retrospectively and 13 temporary arthrodesed cases switched to CFTR were extracted. All 13 cases had undergone a massive bony resection on either side of the knee joint and temporary arthrodesis state to control the repeated infection. This paper describes the diagnosis, tumor location, number of operations until CFTR, duration from the index operation to CFTR, survival of CFTR, complications, and Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS) score. Results: According to Kaplan-Meier plot, the 5- and 10-year survival of CFTR was 69.0%±12.8%, 46.0%±20.7%, respectively. Six (46.2%) of the 13 cases had major complications. Three cases underwent removal of the prosthesis and were converted to arthrodesis due to infection. Two cases underwent partial change of the implant due to loosening and periprosthetic fracture. The remaining case with a deep infection was resolved after extensive debridement. At the final follow-up, the average MSTS score of 10 cases with CFTR was 24.6 (21-27). In contrast, the MSTS score of 3 arthrodesis cases with failed CFTR was 12.3 (12-13). The average range of motion of the 10 CFTR cases was 67° (0°-100°). The mean extension lag of 10 cases was 48° (20°-80°). Conclusion: Although the complication rates is substantial, conversion of an arthrodesed knee to a mobile joint using CFTR in a patient who had a massive bony defect on either side of the knee joint to control infection should be considered. The patient's functional outcome was different from the arthrodesed one. For successful conversion to a mobile joint, thorough the eradication of scar tissue and creating sufficient space for the tumor prosthesis to flex the knee joint up to 60° to 70° without soft tissue tension.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.502-505
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• 2012

An 8-month-old, 3.5 kg intact female Toy Poodle was presented for non-weight-bearing lameness on left hindlimb. In radiological testing, left proximal tibal type II Salter-Harris physeal fracture and fibular fracture were seen. Following open reduction, the fracture was stabilized with cross-pins, tension band wires, and a hinged transarticular external skeletal fixator (HTAESF). The range of the HTAESF was increased to $25^{\circ}$ at 7 days postsurgery and to $70^{\circ}$ at 14 days post-surgery. The HTAESF was removed 3 weeks after surgery. At 6 weeks post-surgery, the fracture was successfully healed with no complications and the patient recovered a normal gait. Seven months post-surgery, the patient had a normal gait and a normal stifle joint range of motion compared to the contralateral normal limb. This is a case in which the combined use of cross-pins, tension band wires, and HTAESF was successful for treatment of a proximal tibial physeal fracture in a dog. It is thought that these methods are beneficial for stability of fracture site and recover of joint's normal range of motion through early joint movement.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.405-417
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• 2020

Due to the popularization of the Extended Reality, research is actively underway to implement human motion in real-time 3D animation. In particular, Microsoft developed Kinect cameras for 3D motion information can be obtained without the burden of facilities and with simple operation, real-time animation can be generated by combining with 3D formats such as FBX. Compared to the marker-based motion capture system, however, Kinect has low accuracy due to its lack of estimated performance of joint information. In this paper, two algorithms are proposed to correct joint estimation errors in order to realize natural human motion in motion capture animation system in Kinect camera-based FBX format. First, obtain the position information of a person with a Kinect and create a depth map to correct the wrong joint position value using the human body segment length constraint information, and estimate the new rotation value. Second, the pre-set joint motion range constraint is applied to the existing and estimated rotation value and implemented in FBX to eliminate abnormal behavior. From the experiment, we found improvements in human behavior and compared errors between algorithms to demonstrate the superiority of the system.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.40-47
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• 2010

Purpose : To exam the effects of active ankle range of motion(ROM) exercise on sciatic nerve movement and provide the evidence that use it to patients with hypomobile sciatic nerve as a nerve mobilization technique. Methods : The subjects consist of 32 asymptomatic healthy adults(male; 15, female; 17) who have limited passive straight leg raising(PSLR) ranges below 70 degrees. First, examiner measures PSLR angles at three times. Then, subject was instructed perform the active ankle ROM exercise(dorsiflexion and plantarflextion) at limited angle. After each subject completed the active ankle ROM exercise, return the starting position and examiner measures the PSLR angles at three times again. Results : First, PSLR range was no significant differences between dominant and non-dominant leg(p >.05). Second, active ankle ROM exercise significantly increased PSLR range by mean of degrees(p <.05). Third, there was no learning effects among the measurement trials(p >.05). Conclusion : These data show that active ankle ROM exercise can mobilize the sciatic nerve. Therefore, it can be applied to patients with hypomobile sciatic nerve(sliding dysfunction) as a neural mobilization technique.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.35 no.11
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• pp.1243-1248
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• 2011

The purposes of this study were to develop a dynamic model of a human and to investigate the effect of a walker on an elderly subject's motions, such as sit-to-stand (STS) motion and normal gait, by using this model. A human model consisting of 15 segments and 14 joints was developed, embedded in $RecurDyn^{TM}$, and connected through a Simulink$^{(R)}$ interface with collected motion data. The model was validated by comparisons between joint kinematic results from inverse dynamics (Matlab$^{(R)}$-based in-house program) and from $RecurDyn^{TM}$ simulation during walking. The results indicate that the elderly walker induced a longer movement time in walking, such that the speed of joint flexion/extension was slower than that during a normal gait. The results showed that the muscle activities of parts of the ankle and hamstring were altered by use of the elderly walker. The technique used in this study could be very helpful in applications to biomechanical fields.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.147-158
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• 2017

PURPOSE: Balance exercise as well as lower extremity strengthening exercise (LESE) is known to be effective in patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA). The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of performing LESE in conjunction with balance exercise on lower extremity function, range of motion, muscle strength, and balance in patients with KOA. METHODS: The subjects of this study were 25 patients with KOA who were recruited and randomly divided into two groups: 1) those who performed LESE with balance exercise; and 2) those who performed only LESE. Both the groups also received general physical therapy and performed aerobic exercise. The interventions were performed 3 times a week for 4 weeks. To determine the effectiveness of the interventions, we measured Western Ontario and MacMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) score, numerical rating scale (NRS) score, passive range of motion (PROM), chair stand test (CST), and Berg Balance Scale (BBS) score at the initiation of the interventions and again after 4 weeks, at the time of completion of the interventions. RESULTS: After 4 weeks of the interventions, both the groups showed significantly improved WOMAC (p<.01), NRS (p<.01), PROM (p<.05), CST (p<.05), and BBS (p<.01) scores. However, there was no significant difference between the groups in terms of the clinical outcomes observed. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the addition of balance exercise to a LESE regimen in patients with KOA did not provide any additional benefit.