• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.247-250
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• 2015

A 10-year-old spayed female Pomeranian dog weighing 3.65 kg was presented with a 7-month history of urinary incontinence, stranguria and hematuria. The patient had mass lesions at left prescapular region ($3cm{\times}3cm$) and left axillary region ($5cm{\times}4cm$). Diagnosis of transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) with multiple cutaneous metastasis was made. Dog was treated with chemotherapy using mitoxantrone and piroxicam for 5 months. Although TCC size of urinary bladder was decreased during chemotherapy, there was no change of subcutaneous tumor size and mild relief of clinical signs. Partial anorexia for 3 weeks and multiple masses were noted at left caudal abdominal wall and left medial thigh (203 days after first presentation) and assessed as chronic kidney disease and additional subcutaneous metastasis of urinary bladder TCC by post-mortem and histopathological findings.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.37 no.12
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• pp.1025-1028
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• 2004

Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (HE) is a very rare malignant tumor that is pathologically benign tumor originating from endothelial cell but clinically presents metastasis and recurrence. A 29-year-old asymptomatic man, preoperatively diagnosed as lung cancer in the left lower lung, underwent a lobectomy, a wedge lung resection of left upper lung, and partial resection of diaphragm. Left lower lobar lesion was confirmed as pulmonary epithelioid hemangioendothelioma, but the lesions of the left upper lung and diaphragm were remained calcified by spontaneous regression of HE. We report a case of subcutaneous metastasis that occurred two times at 10 months and 19 months after previous surgical treatment of pulmonary EH.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.94-99
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• 2005

Paraganglioma is a neoplasm consisting of sympathetic neuroendocrine cells, which arise from neural ectoderm of extra-adrenal paraganglia. It often occurs in thyroid, carotid body, mediastinum, lung, duodenum, the retroperitoneal area and periaortic area. Malignant paraganglioma is defined not by the histological diagnosis, but by spread to regional lymph nodes or distant metastasis. Rare bone metastasis mostly occurs in the base of skull or spine, and even it rarely metastasizes to pelvis or femur. We would like to report two cases of paraganglioma; one in the subcutaneous fat layer that was mistaken for a vascular tumor, and the other in the retroperitoneal space with early bone metastasis.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.259-264
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• 1997

This study was carried out to determine whether dermal mast cell responses to Parasoninn westemoni in an abnormal host, the mouse, were dependent on the site of metacercarial inoculation. In mice during subcutaneous infection, the number of der- mal mast cells were increased significantly (p<0.05) at the first week ($38.3/\textrm{mm}^2$) and then persisted at a high level until the sixth week ($45.2/\textrm{mm}^2$) of infection compared with PBS- injected (control) mice (range: $19.4-25.1/\textrm{mm}^2$). In mice during oral infection, the number of dermal mast cells were increased significantly (p<0.05) at two weeks ($33.5/\textrm{mm}^2$) after infection and remained at these levels thereafter compared loth non-infected (control) mice (range: $17.4-22.3/\textrm{mm}^2$). In mice both during subcutaneous and oral infection, the recruited dermal mast cells showed extensive degranulation at the second week (68.4%) and 60.7%, respectivelyl, reached a peak at the third week (81.4%, and 92.1%, respectively) and then declined slightly thereafter. By contrast, in both control mice, about 10% of dermal mast cells were degranulated. In conclusion, this study suggests that dermal mast cell responses to p. westemcni in mice are dependent on cutaneous sensitization by larval excretory-secretory antigens, irrespective of infection route.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.211-215
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• 2006

This study was carried out to determine whether genistein implants in laying hens could be transferred into their eggs. 250 mg genistein pellet was implanted two or four subcutaneously in the neck of laying hens. The contents of genistein in egg yolk transferred were analyzed with HPLC-MS. In 500 mg genistein pellets, it was detected as 395 ng/egg yolk on the day 18 after implanting and maintained as 546 ng/egg yolk after the day 59. In 1,000 mg, genistein was detected as 240 ng/egg yolk on the day 13, as 514 ng/egg yolk on the day 30 and maintained over 59 days. In conclusion, the direct genistein implants could be more twenty times efficiently transferred to egg yolks than dietary supplement.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.37-45
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• 2006

The use of music as a means of inducing positive emotions and subsequent relaxation has been extensively studied by researchers. A great deal of this research has focussed on the use of music as a means of reducing feelings of anxiety and stress as well as aiding in the relief of numerous pathologies. The purpose of this study was to evaluate this effect of music using laser doppler flowmeter that monitors relative changes in the muscular blood cell perfusion, concentration of moving blood cells, mean velocity of the myofascial pain disorder patients. Total of 30 subjects were selected. They were monitored by LDF(Laser Doppler Flowmeter) during music listening for 3 minutes. LDF probe was placed over the temporalis muscle. The obtained results were as follows: 1. The average blood perfusion for 3 minutes of music listening at surface of temporalis muscles were elevated on both affected and unaffected parts compared to rest time. 2. The average of blood perfusion elevated during music listening at surface of temporalis muscles were higher in affected part than unaffected part. 3. Increase of blood perfusion during music listening is proportioin to that before music listening. In summary, these results may encouraging start to the elucidation of the hemodynamic events occuring during music listening and aimed to serve as a base for further studies.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 1996.11a
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• pp.27-31
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• 1996

암환자의 생명을 가장 위협하는 암세포의 전이는 숙주와 암세포의 상호작용을 포함하는 여러단계의 연쇄적인 과정이다. 전이의 발생은 하나의 세포나 집단의 암세포가 첫번째 암발생 부위에서 분리되어 국소적으로 침투하고 순환기계에 들어가 다른곳에 흡착 후 다른 장기의 interstitium과 parcnchyma에 입출(extravasate)하게 되며 2차적 colony로서 자라나 stroma나 basement membrine과 같은 생물학적 울타리를 파괴한다. 전이의 각단계에서 암세포는 면역세포의 공격을 피하여야만 한다. 세포의 이동은 태아의 생성(embryonic events), 성장세포의 재조함(remodeling), 상처 치유(wound healing), 맥관형성 (angiogenesis), 면역 방어 (immune defence)의 경우에 아주 중요한 역활을 한다. 정상적인 경우에 세포의 이동은 잘 통제가 되지만 암세포의 이동은 비정상적으로 통제가 되거나 자체내에서 통제가 된다. 암세포는 숙주에서 생산되는 scatter factors, growth factor, extracellular matrix components, 그리고 암세포에서 발생되는 autocrine utility factors를 포함한 여러가지 인자에 의해 영향을 받는다.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.51 no.7
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• pp.760-765
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• 2008

Paragonimiasis is a parasitic infection that occurs following the ingestion of infectious Paragonimus metacercariae from crabs or crayfish. Pulmonary paragonimiasis is the most common clinical manifestation of this infection, but several ectopic paragonimiasis cases have also been reported. Among them, cases of subcutaneous paragonimiasis are rare, especially in children. We report a case of subcutaneous paragonimiasis of the right abdominal wall with pleural effusion with hepatic involvement and without abnormal pulmonary infiltration in a boy aged 2 years and 5 months. He had eaten soybean sauce-soaked freshwater crabs (kejang) 6 months prior to complaining of right abdominal wall distension. On evaluation, right pleural effusion without abnormal pulmonary infiltration was detected, as well as blood eosinophilia, an elevated serum IgE level, pleural fluid eosinophilia and a positive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay that detected P. westermani antibody in the serum. Thoracentesis, praziquantel administration, and excision of subcutaneous lesions were performed. After treatment, the eosinophil count and serum IgE level were decreased, and the subcutaneous lesions did not recur. The frequency of paragonimiasis has decreased recently, but it is still prevalent in Korea. Paragonimiasis should be suspected if pleural fluid eosinophilia is associated with blood hypereosinophilia and a high level of serum IgE; however clinicians should obtain a thorough history of travel and food habits.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.27-34
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• 1967

SM 계 자성 마우스를 대조군과 실험군으로 나누어,대조군에는 0.9% 생리식염수를 , 실험군에는 methylene blue(110 mg/kg, 식염수에 용해, pH 7.0)를 각각 피하주사하고, 40 분, 6 시간 또는 24시간후에 양군을 다같이 120 r X-선으로 일시 전신조사하였다. 조사후 21 시간에 걸쳐 albumin-globulin 비, 전혈청단백질 , 그리고 체중에 대한 간 및 신장중량비를 측정하여 조사전 처리시핵에 따른 methylene blue 의 방어효과를 조사하였다. 일반적으로 양군에서 조사후 일구간에 따라 2개의 변화가 나타났으며, 첫째는 1 일구에 , 둘째 상은 8 일구에 나타났다. methylene blue 처리는 이 두 개 상 일구에서 albumin -globulin 비의 증가성, 전혈청단백질 및 간장중량의 감소성에 대하여 큰 지체성을 나타냈다. 조사전 40 분 처리군에서 특히 현저한 방어작용이 있었으나 6 시간 및 24 시간전 처리구에서는 별 영향이 없었다.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.185-189
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• 1991

This study was carried out to investigate whether acute toxicity of BST-SR is or not. Single dose of BST-SR was given to both sexes of Spraqe-Dawley rats and ICR mice, subcutaneously. No significant toxic symptom was observed in single treated rats and mice during the experimental period. In gross and microscopic observation, no significantly different abnormality observed between the several organs of tested animals and control animals. Therefore, it was concluded that BST-SR was nontoxic when BST-SR was subcutaneously administered to rats and mice up to 1000 times of clinical dose.