• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.41-47
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• 1997

본 연구의 목적은 p변량 관측지가 등상관구조를 갖는 경우 주변분산들의 균일성을 검정하는 통계적 절차를 개발하는 것이다. 이를 위하여 2변량의 경우에 적용되는 피트만(Pitman)의 방법을 3변량 이상의 경우로 확장하고 피셔(Fisher)의 임의화 검정을 적용하여 정규분포의 틀에 의존하지 않는 p 값을 산출한다.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.362-371
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• 2012

Objective of this research was to secure the information on physical and chemical properties of peatmoss and coir dust. To achieve this, 6 kinds of peatmoss and 10 kinds of coir dust currently used in the country as the root medium components in plant factories were collected and analysed. The mean ${\pm}$ standard deviation (SD) of total porosity and container capacity in peatmoss and coir dust were $79.6{\pm}5.04$ and $83.6{\pm}6.18%$, and $69.9{\pm}10.17$ and $65.9{\pm}3.46%$, respectively. These indicate that peatmoss has higher water holding capacity than coir dust and the characteristics are highly varied among peatmoss. The 4 out of 5 kinds of peatmoss had lower than 10%, but coir dust had 12~26%, of air-filled porosity. The percentage of easily available water and buffering water in peatmoss and coir dust was 18~22 and 11~16% and 9~13 and 5.5~7.5%, respectively. These results indicate that precise irrigation is required when coir dust is used as the root medium. The ranges of pH and electrical conductivity (EC) were 3.46~4.17 and $0.137{\sim}0.253dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$ in peatmoss and 5.31~6.48 and $0.250{\sim}0.1.580dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$ in coir dust. However, $0.563{\pm}0.83dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$ in mean ${\pm}$SD of coir dust EC indicates that it is higher than that of peatmoss, and the coir dust are highly varied in EC. The cation exchange capacity of peatmoss was 3 to 4 times as high as that of coir dust. The coir dust had higher $NO_3$ and $PO_4$ and lower $NH_4$ than peatmoss. The K and Na concentrations in coir dust were extremely high indicating that these ions caused the rising in EC. The percentage of hot water and alkali extracts of peatmoss were 6.67~16.37 and 0~38%, whereas those of coir dust were 30.0~65.1 and 23.1~70.3%. These results mean that possible existence of growth inhibiting materials in coir dust.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.17-28
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• 2015

This study attempted to identify differences in user experience and app game fun, satisfaction, use intention between fitness app games at different level of interaction design. The playtesting method was conducted on 100(male 50, female 50) university students using 'Enjoy Your Fitness', a fitness app game developed by The Center for Health Communication Studies. The results found that more interactive app game is higher in the level of user experience such as fitness accomplishment, flow, and interest. Fitness app game's fun, satisfaction, use intention is also higher on interactive fitness app game. As the study verified that interactive fitness app game had stronger effects in user fitness experience and user experience than general fitness app games through experimental studies, it may contribute to design fitness mobile app game for health improvement.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.100-105
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• 2016

In this study we investigated the suitability of horticultural main organic root substrate materials (peatmoss, coir) for the development proper root substrate for working with bulb onion transplanter. We investigated seedling sprout ratio, growth and characteristics (bulk density, root substrate cohesion) those are suitable for mechanical transplanting by mixing with inorganic materials(red clay etc.). Although both seedling growth and root substrate bulk density were similar in peatmoss and coir based root substrates, we found that peatmoss mixing had higher root substrate cohesion compared to coir mixing. We assume that higher cohesion properties of peatmoss based root substrate will give more weight of root part during mechanical transplanting of young onion seedlings in the field. Because of this, we suggest that peatmoss is the appropriate ingredient for developing root substrates for working with bulb onion transplanter.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.1-8
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• 2019

Steel elevator pit was developed for the purpose of minimizing the excavation, simplifying the construction of the frame and economical efficiency by improving the problems that occurred in the existing reinforced concrete. It is common to apply conventional RC method through excavation to underground structures such as underground floor collector well and elevator pit. In recent years, the use of steel collector well and steel elevator pits to reduce construction costs by minimizing the materials of steel and concrete has been continuously increasing. The steel elevator pit is an underground structure and then the performance of the welding part and the structure system is important. Specimen with only steel plate and concrete without studs could support the load more than 3 times than the specimen with deck only. Therefore, even if there is no stud, the deck (steel plate) rib is formed and the effect of restraining the steel plate and the concrete during the bending action can be expected. However, since sudden fracture in the elevator pit may occur, stud bolt arrangement is necessary for the composite effect of steel plate and concrete. It is expected that the bending strength can be expected to increase by about 15% or more depending with and without stud bolts.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.60-64
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• 2003

This study was conducted to examine the effects of plug tray cell size and growth media on good seedling production of Gerbera hybrida Hort. Seedlings were grown for 60 days in 50, 72, 128, 162 cell trays contanning perlite, cocopeat and perlite+cocopeat(1:1, v/v). Perlite showed higher bulk density than cocopeat and perlite+cocopeat. Total porosity was greater in perlite, cocopeat and perlite+cocopeat in order. Cocopeat showed the highest water holding capacity. Number of leaves were greatest in 128 cell tray containing cocopeat. Leaf area was greatest in 50 cell tray containing cocopeat. Seedling growth was also better in plug tray of bigger cell size. Seedling growth of fresh and dry weight of shoot and root was much better in the growth media of perlite+cocopeat.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2013

This study was conducted to examine the effects of coir, peatmoss, and red clay (20%) + peatmoss (80%) media on quality and drainage solution in hydroponics of Solanum lycopersicum 'Mascara'. The tomato seedlings were planted in media on 29 April, and supplied with Yamazaki's tomato solution of EC $2.0dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$ and pH 6.5. Tomato fruits were harvested from 13 June to 24 August. Drainage amount decresed when solar radiation and air temperature were high. However, drainage amount were not different among coir, peatmoss, and red clay + peatmoss media. The EC of drainage in red clay + peatmoss medium was higher than that in other media during the cultivation period. Also, soild state and available moisture content was more in red clay + peatmoss mediun than in coir or peatmoss media. The soluble solids of tomato fruits increased by 10~17% at $5.5^{\circ}Brix$ in red clay+peatmoss medium compared with $5.0{\sim}4.7^{\circ}Brix$ in coir or peatmoss media. Also, the acidity of fruits was the highest to 0.66% in red clay + peatmoss medium than the others. The total yield of fruits in red clay + peatmoss medium increased significantly by 9.1% at 8,428 kg than at 7,725 kg in peatmoss medium, and ratio of marketable yield was higher than the other media. Therefore, red clay (20%) + peat moss (80%) medium is recommend for growth and quality of fruits in hydroponics of Solanum lycopersicum 'Mascara'.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.43-48
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• 2017

This experiment was conducted to test the suitability of various organic materials in order to reduce the use dependence of peatmoss as a soil pH regulator and to examine the effect of soil organic matter supply. A 2-year old northern-highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) 'Duke' plants were planted in the field at $2.0m{\times}2.5m$ spacing in spring. Before planting, organic materials were incorporated into the soil including the planting hole at 20 liter per plant, as the following mixtures: peatmoss only (20 L), peatmoss (10 L) + pine needle (10 L, PN), peatmoss (10 L) + rice hull (10 L, RH), and peatmoss (10 L) + sawdust (10 L, SD). The pH of organic materials was lowest in peatmoss (pH 4.3), followed by PN (pH 4.8), SD (pH 5.7) and RH (pH 7.8). Soil pH measured right after planting ranged from 5.3 to 5.9 and was lower in PM only and PM + PN than PM + RH and SD treatments. In the third year, the pH lowered to the range of 4.2 to 4.5, with PM and PM + PN still maintaining lower values. The early growth was good in the mixed treatment of PM and PN, and the plant height and width and the number of new shoots were good in the PM treatment. Soil water content was maintained highest in PM + PN, followed by PM, PM + SD and PM + RH. Vegetative growth was maintained better in PM and PM + PN, and the number of flower cluster and yield were also slightly higher in those treatments while mean fruit weight was similar among all treatments. Fruit quality indices such as total soluble solids, titratable acidity and firmness were not affected.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.139-148
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• 2009

In this study, we tried to verify the effectiveness of 3D scans of clothed participants from 20 to 24 year old men in fit analysis process. Carrying out fit analysis, we used 3D scan data and direct fit evaluation with the basic garments made as semi-fitted bodice pattern for men. The result of fit evaluation through 3D scan data showed the expert rated fitting items more positive than direct fit evaluation. Even though, generally there was a no significant difference in the response between 3D and direct fit analysis. Only there was a significant difference in the response to the specific place such as the center front line, neckline, shoulder seam, and etc. There was a no significant difference between the result of 3D scan and direct fit evaluation in the subjects' group. Also the result of assessment of 3D targeting consumers showed very positive and interested in using 3D scans for fit analysis. The ability to rotate the 3D scans for a variety of views proved to be a very effective process to analyze fit. Moreover, digital data is easily accessed at any locations and any time. Fit analysis using 3D scans could be great tool for not only fit evaluation in research but also better fitting in apparel industry.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2012.02a
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• pp.327-327
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• 2012

사파이어는 우수한 광학적, 물리적, 화학적 특성을 가지고 있는 물질 중의 하나이며, 청색 발광특성을 나타내는 GaN와 격자상수, 열팽창 계수가 가장 유사할 뿐만 아니라 가격도 상대적으로 저렴하기 때문에 GaN 성장을 위한 기판으로 사용될 수 있다. 실제로 사파이어는 프로젝터와 전자파 장치, 군사용 장비 등 다양한 분야에 응용되고 있으며, 발광 다이오드(LED)를 위한 기판으로 활용됨으로써 그 수요가 급격히 증가하고 있다. 그러나 사파이어 결정의 성장 중에 생길 수 있는 전위(dislocation)와 적층결함(stacking fault) 등의 결정 결함들은 결정 내에 존재하여 역학적, 전기적 성질에 큰 영향을 미칠 수 있다. 특히 사파이어가 청색 발광소자의 기판으로 사용되는 경우, 사파이어 기판 내부의 결정 결함은 증착되는 박막 특성에 영향을 미치게 된다. 따라서 사파이어의 보다 나은 응용을 위해서는 결정 결함에 대한 평가기술과 결함의 형성 메커니즘 등에 대한 이해가 필요하다. 특히, 결함의 정량적 평가 기술의 개발은 사파이어의 상용화에 중요한 핵심요소 중 하나이다. 결정을 산이나 염기 등을 이용하여 화학적 식각을 하게 되면 분자나 원자 간의 결합이 약한 부분이나 높은 에너지 상태에 있는 부분부터 반응을 하게 되는데, 이러한 반응을 통해 결정의 표면에 형성되는 것을 에치 피트(etch pit)라고 한다. 일반적으로 결정 내에 존재하는 전위는 높은 에너지 상태이므로, 이러한 에치 피트는 전위와 관련되어 있다. 따라서 사파이어 결정과 같은 결정질 물질은 표면의 식각을 통하여 관찰되는 에치 피트 등의 형상이나 반응성 등을 평가하여 결정 특성을 연구할 수 있다. 본 연구는 화학적 식각법으로 사파이어 결정의 특성을 평가하기 위하여 진행하였다. 사파이어 결정의 식각을 위하여 다양한 산-염기 용액들이 사용되었다. 식각 용액의 종류에 따른 사파이어 결정의 식각거동을 연구하고, 표면에 나타나는 형상을 연구하여 사파이어 결정의 구조적 특성을 파악하였다. 특히, 에치 피트 형성거동의 시간 및 온도 의존성에 관한 연구를 진행하였다.