• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.195-200
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• 1984

In-plane tension fatigue tests(R=0.1) were carried out to investigate the initiation and growth behaviors of very small surface fatigue cracks on smooth unnotched surfaces of type 304 stainless steel at room temperature. The present paper deals with the unification of two approaches to the analysis of fatigue: the one approach is based on fracture mechanics concept and the other on low-cycle fatigue concept. The results are;(1)Maximum crack length, 2 $a_{max}$, initiated at a very small surface scratch not exceeding 20 .mu.m which can exist on the surface after buffing. And the density of small surface crack is remarkably low compared to that of mild steel. (2) The growth rate, d(2a)/dN, of very small fatigue cracks can be represented by one straight line as a function of either stress intensity factor range, .DELTA. $K_{I}$ or cyclic total strain intensity factor range, .DELTA. $K_{\epsilon}$$_{I}$/, for various values of the nominal stress range.e.e.e.e.

• Proceedings of the KWS Conference
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• 2009.11a
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• pp.98-98
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• 2009

용접에 의해 발생하는 용접잔류응력은 강구조물의 피로성능, 파괴양상 등에 영향을 주고 있으나 이러한 용접잔류응력을 예측하는 것은 쉽지 않다. 이러한 용접잔류응력을 예측하는 방법으로는 열탄소성해석과 같은 수치적 방법과 실험적 방법이 있다. 열탄소성해석의 경우 실제문제를 이상화하는 과정에서 매우 복잡한 모델링 기술이 필요하다. 또한, 측정방법에서는 표면의 잔류응력을 측정할 수 있는 홀드링법과 X-선법 등이 있고, 내부 잔류응력의 측정방법으로는 중성자회절법이 있다. 그러나 홀드링법의 경우, 사용범위의 한계와, 중성자회절법에서의 내부 잔류응력을 측정할 수 있는 두께의 제약이 있어 후판의 잔류응력을 측정하는 것은 한계가 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 용접잔류응력의 생성근원인 고유변형도를 측정하고 이것으로부터 맞대기용접에서 발생하는 두께방향의 용접잔류응력을 계측하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Heat Treatment
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.161-168
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• 1996

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of impurity level and fabrication processes on the strength, fracture toughness and fatigue resistance of 7075, 7050 and 7175 high strength aluminum forgings. It has been verified that plane strain fracture toughness and fatigue characteristics of a specially processed 7175S-T74 alloy is superior to a conventionally processed 7075-T6/T73, 7050-T74 and 7175-T74 alloys. These beneficial effects primarily arise from two view points, i.e., the effect of reducing the impurity level of iron and silicon has significantly diminished the size and volume fraction of second phase particles such as $Al_7Cu_2Fe$ and $Mg_2Si$. Futher reduction of the amount of nonequilibrium second phase particles has been observed by applying a special fabrication process.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.52-63
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• 1985

Fillet welded joints, specially in ship structure, are well known the critical part where stress concentrate or crack initiates and grows. This paper is concerned with the study of the behavior of fatigue crack growth t the root and toe of load carrying cruciform fillet welded joints under three points bending by the determination of stress intensity factor from the J-Integral, using the Finite Element Method. The stress intensity factor was investigated in accordance to the variation of the weld size (H/Tp). weld penetration (a/W) and plate thickness (2a'/Tp). As mixed mode is occurred on account of shearing force under the three points bending, Stern's reciprocal theory is applied to confirm which mode is the major one. The main results may be summarized as follows 1) The calculation formula of the stress intensity factor at the both of root and toe of the joint was obtained to estimate the stress intensity factor in the arbitrary case. 2) The change of stress field around crack tip gives much influence on each other at the roof and toe as H/Tp decreases. 3) Mode I is a major mode under the three points bending.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.329-333
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• 1994

A large number of grain boundaries were seen to crack in near-eutectic solder joints of leadless ceramic chip carriers (LLCC's) during thermal cycling at temperature ranges from -$35^{\circ}C$ to +$125^{\circ}C$ with lhr time period. One potential explanation for this type of cracking might be the presence of embrittling species on the boundary. Although there do not appear to be any instances reported in the literature of solders being embrittled by small amounts of contaminating species, the possibility of such an occurrence exists. The potential presence of impurities located at crack surfaces was inspected using Scanning Auger Microprobe(SAM) and it was found that intergranular cracking could be accomplished by the oxidation of the grain boundary. A physical model for fatigue crack growth was introduced, in which grain boundary separation took place under oxidation facilitated by sliding.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.37-41
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this case study is to prescribe a prismatic correction in uncommon case of cyclovertical heterophoria. Methods: The prescribed prism was used to balance the vertical vergence break values by the binocular vision evaluation such as phoria, vergence, accommodative function and the others. Results: Although asymptomatic lateral phoria was changed, the vertical prismatic correction improved the symptoms such as eyestrain, headaches, diplopia and others. And cyclophoria was disappeared by prismatic correction. Conclusions: The prismatic correction for this case was useful for alleviating symptoms of cyclovertical deviations.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.123-129
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• 1987

Corrosion fatigue fracture of dual phase steel(SS41) and raw material steel(SS41) were investigated in 3.5% NaCl aqueous solution at PH 4,6,9 and 11. The fatigue limit of dual phase steel is increased approximately 1.8 times larger than that of raw material in air. The corrosion fatigue life of dual phase steel is about 5-10 times larger than that of raw material in 3.5% NaCl aqueous solution. The reduction of fatigue life is larger for the acidsalt solution than for the alkali salt solution. The reduction of stress level on the reduction ratio of corrosion fatigue life is large as pH 6-11. The reduction ratio of corrosion fatigue life of dual phase steel and raw material is nearly coincided at pH 2. While at pH4-2 the reduction ratio of corrosion fatigue life only depends on the corrosion effect. It has been found that the corrosion resistance effect of dual phase steel is smaller than that of raw material in corrosion fatigue crack propagation rate. As pH below 6 is changed, it can be clearly observed from raw material that the brittle intergranular fracture is characterized, and from the above result, the influence of corrosion of dual phase steel is small.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2004.04a
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• pp.7-12
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• 2004

Large-sized pins are usually used to lift and handle large low speed diesel engine crankshaft. There has then been a need to reduce and optimize the weight of the traditionally used pins. Making an hole by cutting the inside of the pin out was investigated in view of static and fracture strength. To compensate the stress increase caused by the introduction of the inner hole, the groove in the circumferential direction pre-existing on the pin is to be removed. Finite element analysis was carried out for both the original model and weight reduced model. Stress intensity factors for semi-elliptical defects assumed on the pin for the original model and weight reduced model was calculated using the ASME method and compared with the fracture toughness test result of the pin material. The diameter of the cutting hole for the revised model was determined based on the analysis results.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.44-50
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• 2001

The rotated bending fatigue test was conducted in air md in 3.5% NaCl salt solution to investigate the fatigue fracture behaviour of raw material and F.E.M dual phase steel made from raw material(SS41) by a suitable heat treatment. This study has compared the initial microcrack creation of material by tensile test with that by fatigue test. And the rotated bending test of cantilever type under the condition of 3.5% NaCl salt solution and air has investigated the corrosion fatigue fracture behaviour with the variation of stress concentration factor determined by each of notch shapes. The initial microcrack have been developed in fragile grainboundary with general corrosion occurring in raw material : in the pits built up by corrosion in F.E.M. dual phase steel because pits bring out stress concentration. It is small that the degree of decrease in corrosion fatigue life for F.E.M. dual phase steel compared with raw material because the notch sensitivity of F.E.M. dual phase steel is lower than raw material in reason of characteristics with two-phase construction.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.28-35
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• 1989

The fatigue crack growth behavior in GTA butt welded joints of Al-Alloy 5052-H38 was examined using Single Edge Notched(SEN) specimens. It is well known that welding residual stress has marked influence on fatigue crack growth rate in welded structure. In the general area of fatigue crack growth in the presence of residual stress, it is noted that the correction of stress intensity factor (K) to account for residual stress is important for the determination of both stress intensity factor range(.DELTA.K) and stress ratio(R) during a loading cycle. The crack growth rate(da/dN) in welded joints were correlated with the effective stress intensity factor range(.DELTA.Keff) which was estimated by superposition of the respective stress intensity factors for the residual stress field and for the applied stress. However, redistribution of residual stress occurs during crack growth and its effect is not negligible. In this study, fatigue crack growth characteristics of the welded joints were examined by using superposition of redistributed residual stress and discussed in comparison with the results of the initial welding residual stress superposition.