• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.100-106
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• 1992

The fluorescence characteristics of copolymers of styrene-maleic anhydride(PSMAn), styrene-maleic acid (PSMA), and PSMA complexed with $Eu^{3+}$ (PSMA-Eu) in tetrahydrofuran were studied. The excimer of PSMA and PSMA-Eu with 75% mole fraction of styrene appears to have larger binding energy than that with 50% or 67% styrene. The ratio of excimer to monomer intensities showed little change with the increase of styrene concentration up to $8.0{\times}10^{-3}M$, indicating the excimer formation is due to intramolecular process. Three existing mechanisms for intramolecular excimer formation are considered inadequate to explain the observed behavior. The quenching of excimer intensity by benzyl-acetate, mesitylene, and $CCl_4$ is interpreted in terms of the molar volume of quencher.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.131-138
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• 2022

This study is a descriptive study to investigate factors affecting the level of performance of COVID-19 infection prevention activities among nurses. The participants were 190 nurses at a tertiary hospital located in Daejeon city and data collection was performed during March, 2021. The results showed that the factors affecting the level of performance of infection prevention activities were age(β=.25, p=.008), working unit(β=.15, p=.046), and hospital safety climate(β=.17, p=.025). Therefore, in order to improve the level of performance of infection prevention activities among hospital nurses, education and policy to establish a hospital safety climate should be implemented.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.10
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• pp.336-343
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• 2017

In this study, we analyze the relationship between long-term care workers' emotional labor, professional quality of life, and service quality. The subjects of this study were 211 long-term care workers working in long-term care facilities. Self-administered questionnaires were used. In the research model, emotional labor(surface behavior, internal behavior) was verified using independent variables, with professional quality of life (compassion satisfaction, compassion fatigue) as the parameters and service quality as the dependent variables. The results of this study are as follows. First, the fit of the model was good. Second, the direct effects of emotional labor on service quality were not significant. However, there was a positive correlation between internal behavior and service quality, and a negative correlation between surface behavior and service quality. Third, professional quality of life(empathy satisfaction) was the most influential variable in terms of service quality. The results of this study demonstrate the necessity to payclinical and academic attention to long-term care workers' emotional labor and quality of life.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.115-131
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• 2022

The purpose of this study was to develop and examine the effect of the Health Promotion Education Program for the Auxiliary Police based on the PRECEDE-PROCEED Model. This study was conducted using a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. Twenty-five participants were selected by convenience sampling method and assigned to the experimental group, and 26 participants were assigned to the control group. The data were collected from Auxiliary Police officer in D provincial Police Agency. All of participations completed questionnaires about self-efficacy, social support, availability of resources, health promotion behavior, quality of life and received the objective stress test. In addition, the experimental group completed 7 sessions of health promotion Education programs according to PRECEDE-PROCEED model for 5 weeks. Data were analyzed using the SPSS/WIN 21.0 Program. There was significant differences over time between the groups in terms of health promotion behavior (F=7.63, p<.001), autonomic nervous activity (F=29.24, p<.001), stress resistance (F=31.22, p<.001), stress index (F=22.42, p<.001), fatigue (F=12.87, p<.001), and quality of life (F=3.49, p=.042). The results may be crucial to develop strategy in order to decrease the disease prevalence as well as increase the participants' overall quality of life. As a result, the Health Promotion Education Program for the auxiliary police was proved to be an effective intervention in order to improve the quality of life. Therefore, the program may be a useful intervention for the auxiliary police.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.27-50
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• 2001

Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease. Although the joints are the major loci of the disease activity, fatigue is a common extraarticular symptom that exists in all gradations of rheumatoid arthritis. Fatigue is defined as a subjective sense of generalized tiredness or exhaustion and has multiple dimensions. Therefore fatigue is a common and frequent problem for those with rheumatoid arthritis. In fact, 88-100% of individuals with rheumatoid arthritis experience fatigue. Especially the degree of fatigue is higher in women than men with rheumatoid arthritis. Despite the importance of fatigue among the patients with rheumatoid arthritis, the mechanism that leads to fatigue in rheumatoid arthritis is not completely understood. This study was intended to test and validate a model to predict fatigue in women with rheumatoid arthritis. Especially it was intended to identify the direct and indirect effects of the variables of pain, disability, depression, sleep disturbance, morning stiffness, and symptom duration to fatigue. Data were collected by questionnaires including Multidimensional Assesment of Fatigue(Tack, 1991), numeric scale of pain, graphic scale of joints, Ritchie Articular Index, Korean Health Assessment Questionnaire(Bae, et al., 1998), Inventory of Function Status(Tulman, et al., 1991), Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression, and Korean Sleep Scale(Oh, et al 1998). The sample consisted of 345 women with a mean duration of rheumatoid arthritis for 10.06 years and a mean age of 49.64 years. SPSS win and Win LISREL were used for the data analysis. Structural equation modeling revealed the overall fit of the model. Pain predicted fatigue directly and indirectly through disability, depression, and sleep disturbance. Disability, sleep disturbance predicted fatigue only directly, while depression only indirectly through disability and sleep disturbance. Also morning stiffness and symptom duration predicted fatigue through disability and depression. All predictors accounted for 65% of the variance of fatigue. Depression, pain, and disability predicted sleep disturbance. Depression had reciprocal relationship with disability and they both were predicted by pain directly and indirectly. In summary, pain, depression, disability, sleep disturbance, morning stiffness, and symptom duration contributed to the fatigue of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The best predictor of fatigue was pain. This finding indicates that the modification of pain, depression, disability, sleep disturbance, morning stiffness could be nursing intervention for relief or prevention of fatigue.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.9 no.3 s.32
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• pp.287-300
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• 1997

In this study, an effective application method of AE technique for the detection of fatigue crack in multi-girder steel bridges has been proposed. The applicability has been examined through the laboratory works with bridge model. The proposed analytical method which evaluates the remaining fatigue lives of structural members may improve the rational determination of the priority of inspection for structural members assuming to have fatigue cracks. Laboratory tests for the application of AE technique to steel girder bridges show that the frequency bands of traffic noise are in the range between 10 show that the frequency bands of traffic noise are in the range between 100~200 kHz and the AE signal raised from fatigue cracks is concentrated around 400~500 kHz. Therefore. R30 sensor is proved to be the most suitable for the detection of cracks in steel girder bridges. A linear proportionality between the crack propagation and the frequency of AE signals has been obtained. In addition, an economic and effective source location method for steel girder bridges was studied through experiments.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.287-297
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• 2021

This study was to investigate the relationship of job stress, health status, and health promotion behavior, retention intention and to identify the influencing factors on retention intention of nurse in Emergency Room(ER). The subjects were 155 ER nurses working at 15 general hospital in Gwangju, Korea. The data were collected from October 15, 2020 to November 3, 2020. The result, there were negative correlation between job stress and health promotion behavior(r=-0.310, p=<.000), between job stress and retention intention(r=-0.220, p=.006), between health status, and health promotion behavior(r=-0.448, p=<.000), between health status and retention intention(r=-0.296, p=<.000), but there were positive correlation between job stress and health status(r=0.368, p=<.000), between health promotion behavior and retention intention(r=0.229, p=.004). Factors influencing retention intention were fatige and health status with R2 value 22.7%. Considering these results, it seems that important factors determining the retention intention of nurses in ER are Spiritual health status, heavy workload due to job stress, fatigue and social health status by nurse. Therefore, in order to increase the retention intention of nurse in ER, it is a need for strategies to improve the working environment and develop programs to reduce job stress and fatigue through work adjustment, and to maintain and promote health.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.125-137
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• 1989

To check technical improvement in the soundness and strength of 12% Cr steel rotor, a 25 tons of rotor with 65 tons of ingot was made in real size and was cut to pieces to take test samples, and the various mechanical tests such as impact, tensile, creep, and fatigue were carried out. The strengths are compared with those of 1% Cr-Mo-V rotor of same size. Microstructures of the samples are examined and reviewed. The results can be summarized as follows. 1) Fracture appearance transition temperatures are 80.deg. C at the center part and 60.deg. C near surface of 12% Cr rotor, and 8.deg. C near surface of 1% Cr-Mo-V rotor. 2) Comparative rapid softening occurs at higher temperatures above 600.deg. C for 12% Cr steel and 550.deg. C for 1% Cr-Mo-V steel in tension tests. 3) Fatigue crack propagation rate of 12% Cr steel is almost same as that of 1% Cr-Mo-V steel at the same corresponding surface part of the rotors. The crack growth rate of center part of 12% Cr rotor is faster than near surface part of the rotor, and the crack growth rate at the load condition of R=0.04 is slower than that of the load condition of R=0.5 for both 12% Cr steel and 1% Cr-Mo-V steel. 4) Crack growth rate of radial direction near surface of 12% Cr rotor is faster than that of transverse direction at the same part because of the difference in residual stresses. 5) Both creep and fatigue strengths of 12% Cr steel are superior to those of 1% Cr-Mo-V steel and the difference is thought the effect of climb and glide controlled creep by solid solution of alloying elements and dispersion of carbides.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.625-625
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• 1989

To check technical improvement in the soundness and strength of 12% Cr steel rotor, a 25 tons of rotor with 65 tons of ingot was made in real size and was cut to pieces to take test samples, and the various mechanical tests such as impact, tensile, creep, and fatigue were carried out. The strengths are compared with those of 1% Cr-Mo-V rotor of same size. Microstructures of the samples are examined and reviewed. The results can be summarized as follows. 1) Fracture appearance transition temperatures are 80.deg. C at the center part and 60.deg. C near surface of 12% Cr rotor, and 8.deg. C near surface of 1% Cr-Mo-V rotor. 2) Comparative rapid softening occurs at higher temperatures above 600.deg. C for 12% Cr steel and 550.deg. C for 1% Cr-Mo-V steel in tension tests. 3) Fatigue crack propagation rate of 12% Cr steel is almost same as that of 1% Cr-Mo-V steel at the same corresponding surface part of the rotors. The crack growth rate of center part of 12% Cr rotor is faster than near surface part of the rotor, and the crack growth rate at the load condition of R=0.04 is slower than that of the load condition of R=0.5 for both 12% Cr steel and 1% Cr-Mo-V steel. 4) Crack growth rate of radial direction near surface of 12% Cr rotor is faster than that of transverse direction at the same part because of the difference in residual stresses. 5) Both creep and fatigue strengths of 12% Cr steel are superior to those of 1% Cr-Mo-V steel and the difference is thought the effect of climb and glide controlled creep by solid solution of alloying elements and dispersion of carbides.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 1989

The stress history of a bridge is different depending on the characteristic of traffic flow. Because the flow is varied with vehicle type, weight and headway time etc., statistical analysis in bridges is necessary to estimate the history by traffic flow. By applying the statistical analyses in fracture mechanics, the remaining service life of the structure can be estimated. In this paper, 1)the statistical analysis of vehicle type, weight and headway time etc. to analysis randomness of traffic flow, 2)measuring and analysis of stress history of a real bridge, 3)reappearance of stress history by Monte-Carlo Simulation using constitution ratio of vehicle type, weight and headway time as probabilitic variable, 4)comparision of the calculated and modelled stress history, 5)calculation of reduction factor, 6)comparision of frequency of stress range depending on span length etc. were performed. From the results, the basic modelled stress history which is necessary for the method of estimation of the remaining service life of the structure could be suggested.