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Fracture Energy and Displacement Field Characteristics of Particulate Reinforced Composites Using DIC Method (DIC법에 의한 입자강화 복합재료의 파괴에너지 및 변위장 특성)

  • Lee, Jeongwon;Na, Seonghyeon;Lee, Sangyoun;Park, Jaebeom;Jung, Gyoodong;Kim, Jaehoon
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers
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    • v.21 no.6
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    • pp.15-20
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    • 2017
  • In this study, the fracture energy and displacement fields characteristics of particulate reinforced composite is evaluated. Wedge splitting test was performed at various temperatures. Fracture energy of material is calculated at room temperature, $-40^{\circ}C$ and $-60^{\circ}C$. Displacement and strain fields of specimen surface were visualized by using digital image correlation. The surface displacement fields of the specimens were analyzed by mark tracking method using digital image correlation. The results showed that, the fracture energy was decreased as temperature decreased. The surface displacement fields at room temperature were similar to there at $-40^{\circ}C$. The surface displacement fields at $-60^{\circ}C$ was significantly reduced because of the brittle behavior. The strain fields of the specimen surface decreased as temperature decreased form room temperature to $-60^{\circ}C$.

Evaluation of Skin Texture and Wrinkle Using Optical Coherence Tomography (Pilot Study) (피부결 및 주름 평가에 있어 광학단층영상술(Optical Coherence Tomography, OCT) 활용 연구(Pilot Study))

  • Kim, Seunghun;Ahn, Yujin;Sanzhar, Askaruly;Kim, Pilun;Jung, Woonggyu;Lee, Haekwang
    • Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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    • v.43 no.3
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    • pp.247-254
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    • 2017
  • Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) is a non-invasive imaging method that utilizes the optical scattering and interference for visualizing the surface as well as cross-sectional structures of tissue. OCT has been used for diagnosing diseases in early stage in various medical fields, but an application in cosmetics is still at early stage. In this study, OCT was adopted to evaluate skin texture and wrinkle. Results showed similar patterns of evaluation with PRIMOS in the assessment using replica. In addition, OCT produced smaller errors at different angles compared to the PRIMOS in the assessment using 3-dimensional models of wrinkles. The resolution of the image was also high enough to differentiate the images of before and after the application of makeup products. Possible use of OCT in the evaluation of fine wrinkle assessment was studied in this research. Further development of methods is necessary to provide more evidences of the effectiveness.

Study of Monitoring Parameters for Coherent Beam Combination through Fourier-domain Analysis of the Speckle Image (스펙클 이미지의 푸리에 공간 분석을 통한 결맞음 빔결합 상태 모니터링 변수 도출)

  • Park, Jaedeok;Choe, Yunjin;Yeom, Dong-Il
    • Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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    • v.31 no.6
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    • pp.268-273
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    • 2020
  • We analyze the characteristics of the coherent beam combination of lasers by monitoring the speckle pattern of the beam reflected from a scattering medium. Three collimated laser sources with high coherence are focused on a scattering target using a lens, and we then examine the speckle pattern of the returned beam in the Fourier domain. We observe that the size of the speckle pattern changes, depending on the focused-beam size or degree of spatial overlap of the three beams. Furthermore, through Fourier-domain analysis of the speckle pattern we obtain the monitoring variable to qualify the efficiency of the coherent beam combination.

Analysis of post-annealing effect and electrical properties of Li3PO4/SiC (Li3PO4/SiC의 후열처리에 의한 영향 및 전기적 특성 분석)

  • Lee, Hyung-Jin;Kim, Minkyung;Oh, Jong-Min;Shin, Weon-Ho;Park, Chulhwan;Koo, Sang-Mo
    • Journal of IKEEE
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    • v.26 no.2
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    • pp.232-239
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    • 2022
  • We analyzed the effect of post-annealing on lithium phosphate (Li3PO4) solid-state thin-film. Li3PO4 thin films were deposited by radio frequency (RF) sputtering, with subsequent annealing of the films at 200-400 ℃. SEM imaging of the sample surfaces showed no significant difference in morphology between the annealed and non-annealed samples. XRD analysis indicated that the samples consist of an amorphous-like structure. Post-annealing changes in binding energy were confirmed by XPS analysis, while the leakage current density at -6 V was measured to be about 7.15 times lower in a device that had been annealed at 400 ℃ vs a non-annealed device. It was confirmed that the leakage current decreased with increasing post-annealing temperature.

Development of an intelligent edge computing device equipped with on-device AI vision model (온디바이스 AI 비전 모델이 탑재된 지능형 엣지 컴퓨팅 기기 개발)

  • Kang, Namhi
    • The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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    • v.22 no.5
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    • pp.17-22
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    • 2022
  • In this paper, we design a lightweight embedded device that can support intelligent edge computing, and show that the device quickly detects an object in an image input from a camera device in real time. The proposed system can be applied to environments without pre-installed infrastructure, such as an intelligent video control system for industrial sites or military areas, or video security systems mounted on autonomous vehicles such as drones. The On-Device AI(Artificial intelligence) technology is increasingly required for the widespread application of intelligent vision recognition systems. Computing offloading from an image data acquisition device to a nearby edge device enables fast service with less network and system resources than AI services performed in the cloud. In addition, it is expected to be safely applied to various industries as it can reduce the attack surface vulnerable to various hacking attacks and minimize the disclosure of sensitive data.

Cesium Removal of the Rhizofiltration Using Sunflowers (Helianthus annuss L.) and Beans (Phaseolos vulgaris var.) (해바라기(Helianthus annuss L.)와 강낭콩(Phaseolos vulgaris var.)을 이용한 뿌리여과법(rhizofiltration)의 세슘 (cesiun) 제거)

  • Yang, Min-June;Lee, Min-Hee
    • Economic and Environmental Geology
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    • v.41 no.6
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    • pp.709-717
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    • 2008
  • Rhizofiltration for cesium uptake by sunflowers (Helianthus annuus L.) and beans (Phaseolus vulgaris var.) was investigated for groundwater contamination. The cesium removal by sunflowers was greater than 98% of the total cesium in solution, and the uptake by beans was also greater than 99% within 24 hours of the rhizofiltration, showing that the rhizofiltration has a great capability to remove cesium from the contaminated water system. Experiments at various pH of solution indicated that a solution of pH $5{\sim}9$ yielded very high cesium accumulation in two plants. From the results of the analysis for cesium accumulation in plant parts, about 80% of cesium transferred into the plant from solution was accumulated in the root part and less than 20% of cesium existed in the shoot part (including leaves). Results suggest that only the roots of the fully grown plant used for rhizofiltration should be disposed or post-treated and thus the cost and time to treat massive amounts of grown plants could be dramatically reduced when sunflower and bean are used in the real field. The results of SEM and EDS analyses indicated that the most of cesium were accumulated in the root surface as a ionic phase rather than a soil precipitation phase.

A Characteristics on the Ancient Glass Beads Excavated from the Site of Hapgang-ri in Sejong, Korea (세종 합강리 유적 출토 고대 유리구슬의 특성 연구)

  • kim, Eun a;Kim, Gyu Ho;Kang, Ji Won;Yun, Cheon Su
    • Journal of Conservation Science
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    • v.36 no.5
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    • pp.405-420
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    • 2020
  • A convergence research was conducted on glass beads excavated at the ruins of Hapgang-ri, Sejong, using the archeology and conservation approach. The period of appearance of Jugu Towangmyo in the ruins of Hapgang-ri can be estimated to begin in the late 2nd century; for Jugu Towangmyo No. 15, the period spans from the late 2nd to early 3rd century. Form, color, and manufacturing techniques of complete glass beads were examined, and the cross-sections and chemical composition of 16 samples were observed. Based on these analyses, the glass beads were divided into blue, purple, and red colors. The blue-colored beads could be further sub-divided based on their gloss and brightness; in contrast, the red-colored beads were highly uniform with regard to these parameters. Based on the stripe and bubble arrangement on the surface of the glass beads, their drawing technique was identified. Traces of heat treatment or polishing were observed at the ends of the beads. According to their chemical composition, the 16 samples were classified into 3 potash glass and 13 soda glass groups; in the latter, the properties of the stabilizers were divided according to the blue and red bead colors. The stabilizers of the red beads are unique in that they allow the distinction among beads excavated in other areas in South Korea owing to their compositional differences. Colorants in blue- and red-colored beads are cobalt (containing MnO), and copper and iron, respectively.

Numerical Simulation of Three Dimensional Fluid Flow Phenomena in Cylindrical Submerged Flat Membrane Bioreactor for Aeration Rate (원통 침지형 평막 생물반응기 내 산기량에 따른 3차원 유동현상에 관한 수치모사)

  • Kim, Dae Chun;Chung, Kun Yong
    • Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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    • v.25 no.4
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    • pp.401-408
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    • 2014
  • In membrane bio-reactor (MBR), the aeration control is one of the important independent variables to decrease fouling and to save energy with shear stress change on the membrane surface. The paper was carried out for numerical simulation of 3-dimensional fluid flow phenomena of the cylindrical bioreactor with submerged flat membranes equipped in the center and supplied the air from the bottom by using the COMSOL program. The viscosity and temperature of solution were assumed to be constant, and the specific air demand based on permeate volume ($SAD_p$) defined as scouring air per permeate rates was used as a variable. The calculated CFD velocities were compared with those of the velocity meter measurement and video image analysis, respectively. The results were good agreement each other within 11% error. For fluid flow in the reactor the liquid velocity increased rapidly between the air diffuser and membrane module, but the velocity decreased during flowing of the membrane module. Also, the velocity increased as it was near from the reactor wall to the central axis. The calculated shear stress on the membrane surface showed the highest value at the center part of the module bottom side and increased as aeration rate increased. Especially, the wall shear stress increased dramatically as the aeration rate increased from 0.15 to 0.25 L/min.

Bio-mediated Flocculation by Extracellular Polymeric Substances in Cohesive Sediment Suspensions: Experimental Study (생체고분자물질이 부유사 응집에 미치는 영향 연구)

  • Baek, Seung-Ryong;Kim, Jae-In;O, Min-Ji;Lee, Byeong-Jun
    • Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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    • 2015.05a
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    • pp.107-107
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    • 2015
  • 최근 기후변화로 인한 강우강도 증대, 산업화에 따른 토지개발 등으로 인하여 다량의 점착성 부유사(Cohesive Sediments)가 하천, 호소 등 수자원 환경으로 유입되고 있다. 점착성 부유사는 하천, 호소의 난류 조건에 따라 부유하거나 혹은 응집, 침전하여 하상 저니층을 형성한다. 부유사, 미생물 및 각종 유기입자가 포함된 하상 저니층은 검은색으로 외관상 보기 좋지 않을 뿐 아니라, 혐기성상태에서 부패하여 수생태계의 건강성을 해치게 된다. 또한 미세 부유사 및 미생물 입자는 각종 중금속, 유기오염물질을 흡착하고, 조건에 따라 재용출할 수 있는 저장매체로 작용하기 때문에 수자원환경에 미치는 영향이 아주 크다. 특히, 수중 미생물(조류) 작용에 의해 생성되는 EPS (Extracellular Polymeric Substances)는 부유사 및 미생물 입자들을 서로 엉겨 붙게 하여, 부유사-미생물 혼합 응집체 및 저니층 형성을 가속화하게 된다. 본 연구에서는 EPS가 부유사 응집에 미치는 영향을 파악하기 위하여, Xanthan Gum (Sigma-Aldrich, USA)을 EPS의 지표 물질로 사용하고, Kaolinite(Sigma-Aldrich, USA)를 수자원환경에 존재하는 대표적인 부유사로 사용하여 응집실험(Jar Test)을 수행하였다. 이온농도가 응집에 미치는 영향을 파악하기 위하여 수체 이온농도를 0.0001M NaCl, 0.001M NaCl, 0.01M NaCl, 그리고 0.001M NaCl + 0.1mg/L $Ca^{2+}$, 0.001M NaCl + 0.5mg/L $Ca^{2+}$, 0.001M NaCl + 1.0 mg/L $Ca^{2+}$으로 보정하여 응집실험을 수행하였다. 250 rpm 급속 교반 1븐, 50 rpm 완속교반 5시간, 침잔 1시간 후 응집체를 채취하여 응집체 이미지 분석을 통해 응집체 크기 및 형상을 측정하였고, 수표면 2 cm 지점에서 상등액을 채수하여 잔류 고형물 농도 분석을 실시하였다. 응집실험을 통하여 다음과 같은 결과를 도출하였다.. 낮은 이온농도의 경우, EPS가 큰 고분자 구조체에 부유 입자들이 엮어 응집되는 Sweeping Flocculation의 특징을 나타내었다. 하지만, 이온농도가 높아질수록 경우, EPS 고분자 구조체 내부 반발력이 감소하여 크기가 축소되고, 이에 따라 부유 입자 표면에 패치 형태로 흡착되었다. EPS가 패치형태로 입자에 흡착한 경우, 응집제 농도 증가에 따라 응집능 최적점이 형성되고, 이후 표면하전 역전이나 Steric Stabilization에 의해 응집능이 저감되는 형태를 나타낸다. 따라서,수중이온농도가 EPS의 사슬형 고분자 응집제의 크기, 형태(Morphology)를 결정하고, 더 나아가 응집능을 결정하는 중요한 인자로 나타났다. 따라서, 후속 연구를 통하여 생체고분자물질의 크기 및 형태 변화, 이에 따른 응집능변화를 면밀히 연구하고자 한다.

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A Deep-Learning Based Automatic Detection of Craters on Lunar Surface for Lunar Construction (달기지 건설을 위한 딥러닝 기반 달표면 크레이터 자동 탐지)

  • Shin, Hyu Soung;Hong, Sung Chul
    • KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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    • v.38 no.6
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    • pp.859-865
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    • 2018
  • A construction of infrastructures and base station on the moon could be undertaken by linking with the regions where construction materials and energy could be supplied on site. It is necessary to detect craters on the lunar surface and gather their topological information in advance, which forms permanent shaded regions (PSR) in which rich ice deposits might be available. In this study, an effective method for automatic detection of lunar craters on the moon surface is taken into consideration by employing a latest version of deep-learning algorithm. A training of a deep-learning algorithm is performed by involving the still images of 90000 taken from the LRO orbiter on operation by NASA and the label data involving position and size of partly craters shown in each image. the Faster RCNN algorithm, which is a latest version of deep-learning algorithms, is applied for a deep-learning training. The trained deep-learning code was used for automatic detection of craters which had not been trained. As results, it is shown that a lot of erroneous information for crater's positions and sizes labelled by NASA has been automatically revised and many other craters not labelled has been detected. Therefore, it could be possible to automatically produce regional maps of crater density and topological information on the moon which could be changed through time and should be highly valuable in engineering consideration for lunar construction.