• Conservation Science in Museum
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• v.11
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• pp.9-16
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• 2010

The National Chuncheon Museum has carried out a conservation process in order to prevent corrosion of the seated iron Śākyamuni Buddha statue from Goreyo Dysnasty for its exhibition. Before the conservation process, the surface of the artifact showed exfoliation and the artifact was damaged from rear to legs so exhibition was impossible. Therefore a process to get rid of pollution and to reinforce and protect the artifact was carried out. Before the reinforcing process, a basic test was carried out using micro crystalline wax type with reference to foreign and domestic experiment results. As a result, as wax(in xylene) 5wt% of Dongnam petrochemical Ltd. showed no efflorescence and little change in surface color and was convenient to use, it was chosen as a reinforcing agent and used to suppress corrosion. For the restoration of damaged parts, an internal support was made and used with an epoxy resin, allowing removable restoration, thus increasing effectiveness for exhibition.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.562-567
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• 2021

To develop an antibacterial tempered glass for applications to various building facilities and household products, the antibacterial activity of domestic materials was investigated, and a tempered glass sample was produced with silver, copper, and zinc, having an antibacterial activity of 99% or more at a specific concentration. The measured antibacterial activity of the samples, in which silver, copper, and zinc were dispersed in ethylene glycol + glycerol, was more than 99%. Measurements of the thickness of the coated metal material by washing using a surface analyzer showed that the thickness decreased by less than 1% in various types of detergents, including water, but only approximately 10% in the alkaline detergents. To check the human safety of the samples, a cytotoxicity test was performed through an MTT assay; the samples showed no cytotoxicity. Finally, a Live/Dead kit or film adhesion method showed that the antibacterial activity of the prototype was more than 99%. Therefore, the high-functional antibacterial effect of tempered glass was developed using domestic materials and may be used in various products in the future.

• Polymer Science and Technology
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.759-768
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• 2002

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.31-38
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• 1999

This paper deals with a coating technique of hardening surface layer of softwood{Larix leptolepis) flooring board to improve its surface properties such as hardness and abrasion resisitance without spoiling its exellent qualities such as beautiful color tones and great strength. For surface hardening of the wood, polyurethane wood sealer was used as under coat, polyurethane sanding sealer as intermediate coat, and UV-curing epoxy acrylate and urethane acrylate varnishes as top coat. The hardness of the wood was improved by the coating treatment and it was similar to that of high density hardwood such as oak, keruing. The abrasion resistance of the coated wood was greatly improved by UV curing epoxy acrylate or urethane acrylate varnishes. Adhesion properties and impact resisitance of the coated wood surface were also good. It was suggested that the well-coated larch wood could be used as interior flooring board as substitute for hardwood such as keruing.

• Journal of the Korean Recycled Construction Resources Institute
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.295-301
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• 2019

Currently, the most commonly used decontamination agent in the country is calcium chloride, and the use of decontamination agents nationwide is on the rise due to climate change in the country. The deicing agent, aimed at deicing snow, is sprayed and the chloride is frozen and thawed by the dissolved surface water, causing various damages such as deterioration to the concrete. Therefore, in this study, the reactive urethane polymer was manufactured to coat concrete surface protection material, which is a method that prevents moisture from externally penetrating by applying to concrete surfaces, and the mixing agent was selected through the size control of molecules and surface modification, and the properties of penetrant stiffening agents and the application method of concrete was evaluated.

• Journal of the Mineralogical Society of Korea
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.187-194
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• 2017

In this study, marble that consist mainly of calcite were used for applicability evaluation after treated with consolidant such as alkoxysilane series of 0.8T0.2E1G_3wt0.08% and 1T1G_7wt0.08%. The position and intensity of X-ray diffraction peaks are no change and increasing trend after treated with two consolidants. The results of scanning electron microscopic analysis, morphology of rope type and homogeneous surface of platy or leaflike form observed on the marble after treated with 0.8T0.2E1G_3wt0.08% and 1T1G_7wt0.08%, respectively. Brightness of surface after treated with consolidant are changing slightly dark. Shore hardness and ultrasonic velocity values show increasing after treated on the marble surface with two consolidants.

• Journal of Adhesion and Interface
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.9-15
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• 2007

The interfacial evaluation of surface modified Jute fiber/polypropylene (PP) composites before and after hydration was investigated using micromechanical test and dynamic contact angle measurement. The IFSS of alkaline and silane-treated Jute fiber/PP composites increased, whereas after hydration, the IFSS of the untreated, alkaline- and silane-treated Jute fibers/PP composites decreased due to swelled fibrils by water infiltration. The interfacial adhesion of silane treated fiber/PP composites was higher than alkaline-treated or the untreated cases. The surface energies of Jute fiber treated under various conditions were obtained using dynamic contact angle measurement. Especially after hydration, the thermodynamic work of adhesion was calculated by considering water interlayer, which indicated the stability of IFSS between silane treated Jute fiber and PP matrix showing better than others.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.201-209
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• 2011

While consolidants based on tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) have been widely used for the consolidation of decaying stone heritages, TEOS-based consolidants suffer from practical drawbacks, such as crack formation of the gel during the drying phase due to the developed capillary force. We have prepared new TEOS-based consolidants containing flexible (3-glycidoxypropyl) trimethoxysilane (GPTMS) in order to reduce capillary force development during gel drying. In this study, we have prepared TEOS/GPTMS-based consolidants containing ETEOS in order to improve the surface hydrophobisity. The physical properties of the TEOS/GPTMS/ETEOS solution with different hydrolysis were compared with those of the commercial products Wacker OH$^{(R)}$. The contact angle of the surface increased with the addition of the ETEOS, which is higher than that of Wacker OH$^{(R)}$. The sol-gel mechanism was manipulated by the degree of hydrolysis as well as the amount of ETEOS. The properties and the applicability of the developed consolidants for the decayed Korean granites are also investigated.

• Korean Journal of Crystallography
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.13-19
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• 1999

저합금강인 SCM415강에 대한 플라즈마 질화의 변수에 따른 질화특성을 관찰하여 최적공정을 확립한 후 기존의 질화법인 염욕질화와 가스질화 되어진 시편과 피로특성을 비교하였다. 가스조정비는 질소대 수소의 비가 3:1일 때 가장 높은 표면강도를 가지며, 온도는 높아질수록 표면강도는 낮아지고 유효경화깊이는 깊어지는 것을 알 수 있었다. 또한 질화시간이 증가될수록 표면경도는 낮아지고 유효경화깊이는 깊어졌다. 본 플라즈마 질화장비에서의 최적공정조건은 공정온도 500℃, 공정시간 4시간, 질소와 수소의 비가 3:1으로 관찰되었고, 이 때 표면경도는 1181 Hv, 화합물층의 깊이 17 ㎛, 유효경화깊이 450 ㎛로 측정되었다. 가스질화 되어진 시편의 표면경도는 945 Hv, 유효경화깊이 250 ㎛였고, 염욕질화 되어진 시편의 경우는 각 846 Hv, 300㎛으로 관찰되었다. 또한 플라즈마 질화공정을 거친 질화강과 가스질화, 염욕질화 되어진 질화강의 피로특성을 평가한 결과 플라즈마 질화강이 가스질화, 염욕질화 되어진 질화강에 비하여 1.5∼2배의 우수한 피로특성을 나타내었다.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.1-13
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• 2011

The aim of this study was to evaluate shear bond strength of pressed reinforced composite resin ($TESCERA^{TM}$ ATL) veneering to zirconia with various surface treatments. Forty sintered zirconia specimens and forty pockmarked zirconia specimens were fabricated. All the materials were categorized as Group 1 (Control : porcelain veneering on zirconia surface), Group 2 ( $TESCERA^{TM}$ ATL dentine veneering after bonding agent application on zirconia surface), Group 3 ($TESCERA^{TM}$ ATL dentine veneering on pockmarked zirconia surface), Group 4 ($TESCERA^{TM}$ ATL dentine veneering after bonding agent application on pockmarked zirconia surface), Group 5 (Thermocycling on Group 1), Group 6 (Thermocycling on Group 2), Group 7 (Thermocycling on Group 3), and Group 8 (Thermocycling on Group 4). SBS(Shear bond strength) of 8 groups was determined with an Instron Universal Testing Machine. Also fractured surface of specimens were observed with a scanning electron microscope. There were no significant differences in the initial SBS between Group 1(control group), Group 3, and Group 4. (p>0.05) Group 2 presented the lowest SBS values. There was a no significant difference between just as 24hour water storage and simulated aging on pockmarked zirconia groups. (p>0.05) A formation of pockmarked irregularities on zirconia surface as mechanically pitted surface was reliable method for establishing a stronger bond between $TESCERA^{TM}$ ATL and zirconia-based material.