• The Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.111-111
• /
• 1995

원적외선이 생체에 미치는 영향을 관찰하기 위하여 포유동물인 흰쥐를 대상으로 실험을 실시하였다. 원적외선이 발생되도록 특수설계된 장치를 이용하여 흰쥐의 생리상태, 생식활동 및 생존능력에 변화와 차이를 유발시키는지의 여부를 관찰한 결과, 물과 먹이의 소모량, 체중, 수태율, 출산율 및 새끼의 성비(性比)에 있어서 자연상태와 동일하였기 때문에 원적외선이 하등의 유해작용을 발생시키지 않는다는 사실을 확인하였고, 가혹한 실험상황에서 흰쥐의 생존력이 자연상태의 흰쥐보다 약 122% 증가한다는 결과를 얻으므로써 원적외선이 흰쥐의 체력과 지구력을 증강시키는 역할을 한다는 새로운 사실을 관찰하였다.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
• /
• v.25 no.3
• /
• pp.165-172
• /
• 1987

An expression vector in a mammalian cell was constructed using the origin of replication (OR) and the promoters of SV40. The plasmid pSVOE was constructed by inserting SV40 DNA fragment (1, 118bp) containing SV40 OR and promoters into pBR322-1, and then a multiple cloning sequence was inserted at the immediate downstream of the late promoter of SV40 in the pSVOE vector. The plasmid was named pSVML. As a selection marker, thymidine kinase gene of herpes simplex virus with its promoter was inserted into EcoRI site of pSVML and the recombinant was named pSVML-TKp. To test the expression capacity of foreigen gene inserted at the multiple cloning site of pSVML, the thymidine kinase gene without its own promoter was inserted at the BamHI site of pSVML. The recombinant was named pSVML-TK. These plasmids, pSVML-TKp and pSVML-TK, were transfected into COS cells with calcium phosphate precipitation method. The thymidine kinase activity was significantly increased in both transfected cells.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
• /
• v.54 no.2
• /
• pp.167-168
• /
• 2018

Here we report the complete genome sequence of Staphylococcus xylosus S170, strong biofilm-producing strain, which comprised a single circular 2,910,005 bp chromosome and 32.97% G + C content. The genome included 2,674 protein-coding sequences, 22 rRNA genes, and 57 tRNA genes. Gene analysis of S. xylosus S170 could contribute to better understanding of biofilm-forming mechanisms.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.209-218
• /
• 2012

In this study, suitable types and measures of Wildlife Crossing Structures (WCS) for mammals of Korea were analyzed to suggest basic information for design guidelines of WCS. In order to find the types and measures, we conducted field surveys on 79 WCS and literature reviews on 159 WCS. The results of our study were as follows; Small-medium sized carnivores usually use all measures of wildlife underpass, meanwhile large sized herbivores as water deer need lager measures than 0.7 Openness Index(OI). Furthermore, we found that wildlife overpasses were usually used at the measure of 6.8 m width by every mammal. Therefore, we concluded that the proper measures should be lager than 0.7 OI for underpass and 7 m width for overpass.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Embryo Transfer Conference
• /
• 2002.11a
• /
• pp.70-70
• /
• 2002

형질전환 가축을 생산하기 위하여 최근 체세포 복제 기법을 이용하고 있다. 이러한 체세포를 이용한 형질전환 동물의 생산에는 체세포내에 유전자의 도입 효율이 직접적인 영향을 주게 된다. 따라서 본 연구는 세포내 유전자의 transfection 효율을 높이고자 한우의 체세포를 이용하여 여러 가지 조건에서 유전자 도입을 실시하였다. 세포내 유전자 도입 방법은 electroporation (EP) 방법을 이용하였다. 사용한 세포는 소의 귀세포(KbESF), 태아섬유아세포 (KbFF), 그리고 대조구로서 CHO cell을 이용하여 GFP 유전자를 도입하였다. EP는 0.4 cm cuvette을 사용하였고, voltage는 0.25 kV, 그리고 field strength 는 0.625 kV/cm 조건으로 실시하였으며, pulse times은 각각 1, 2, 또는 3회를 사용하였다. KbFF와 KbESF에서는 각각 pulse times을 증가시킬수록 유전자도입 세포수가 증가하였으나 (KbFF: 81, 634, 1,065 cells/$10^{6}$ cells, KbESF: 1,011, 5,567, 15,408 cells/$10^{6}$ cells), CHO cell에서는 pulse times을 증가시킬 수록 오히려 유전자도입 세포수가 감소하였다 (CHO: 1,591, 687, 297 cells/$10^{6}$ cells). 그리고 2주 동안 neo selection을 실시 한 결과 KbFF, KbESF, CHO에서 각각 93, 35, 184 colony가 선발되었으며, 이 중 65.6%, 8.6%, 4.3% 가 GFP 형광 발현 colony로 나타났다. 한편 CHO cell에서 transfection cell수가 감소된 것은 EP의 자극으로 인해 손상된 세포가 많이 발생한 것으로 나타났다. 또한 neo selection에서 선발된 colony중 GFP가 발현되지 않거나 일부만 발현되는 colony들이 많이 발생하였는데, 이것은 세포내 유전자가 transfection되지 않은 세포도 neo selection에서 선발된다는 것을 제시하고 있다. 따라서 체세포를 이용한 형질전환동물 생산을 위해서는 세포내 유전자 도입과 선발 과정에서 나타난 colony에 대하여 보다 엄격한 screen을 하는 것이 필요한 것으로 생각된다.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
• /
• v.40 no.1
• /
• pp.179-187
• /
• 2023

Nanogenerators containing biomaterials are eco-friendly electronic devices in terms of being a non-polluting energy source and biodegradable electronic waste. In particular, the amount of waste will be also reduced if the biomaterial can be extracted from biowaste. In this study, a triboelectric nanogenerator was fabricated using animal collagen present in the skin of a mammal and its characteristion was proformed. The electro-anodic layer of the triboelectric nanogenerator was constructed by forming a collagen film using the spin coating method, and it was confirmed that the film was porous from scanning electron microscopy. The fabricated triboelectric nanogenerator exhibited an open-circuit voltage from 7 V at 3 Hz to 15 V at 5 Hz due to periodic mechanical movement, and a short-circuit current of 3.8 uA at 5 Hz. In conclusion, collagen-containing triboelectric nanogenerators can be power source for low-power operating devices such as sensors and are also expected to be useful for reducing electronic waste.

• Development and Reproduction
• /
• v.10 no.3
• /
• pp.159-168
• /
• 2006

Rodents and many other mammals have two chemosensory systems that mediate responses to pheromones, the main and accessory olfactory system, MOS and AOS, respectively. The chemosensory neurons associated with the MOS are located in the main olfactory epithelium, while those associated with the AOS are located in the vomeronasal organ(VNO). Pheromonal odorants access the lumen of the VNO via canals in the roof of the mouth, and are largely thought to be nonvolatile. The main pheromone receptor proteins consist of two superfamilies, V1Rs and V2Rs, that are structurally distinct and unrelated to the olfactory receptors expressed in the main olfactory epithelium. These two type of receptors are seven transmembrane domain G-protein coupled proteins(V1R with $G_{{\alpha}i2}$, V2R with $G_{0\;{\alpha}}$). V2Rs are co-expressed with nonclassical MHC Ib genes(M10 and other 8 M1 family proteins). Other important molecular component of VNO neuron is a TrpC2, a cation channel protein of transient receptor potential(TRP) family and thought to have a crucial role in signal transduction. There are four types of pheromones in mammalian chemical communication - primers, signalers, modulators and releasers. Responses to these chemosignals can vary substantially within and between individuals. This variability can stem from the modulating effects of steroid hormones and/or non-steroid factors such as neurotransmitters on olfactory processing. Such modulation frequently augments or facilitates the effects that prevailing social and environmental conditions have on the reproductive axis. The best example is the pregnancy block effect(Bruce effect), caused by testosterone-dependent major urinary proteins(MUPs) in male mouse urine. Intriguingly, mouse GnRH neurons receive pheromone signals from both odor and pheromone relays in the brain and may also receive common odor signals. Though it is quite controversial, recent studies reveal a complex interplay between reproduction and other functions in which GnRH neurons appear to integrate information from multiple sources and modulate a variety of brain functions.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.121-129
• /
• 2003

The genotoxicity of pendimethalin [N-(l-ethylpropyl)-2, 6-dinitro-3, 4-xylidine, C$\_$13/H$\_$19/N$_3$O$_4$, M.W.=281.3, CAS No. 40487-42-1], one of selective herbicide, was evaluated in bacterial gene mutation system, chromosome aberration in mammalian cell system and in vivo micronucleus assay with rodent. In bacterial gene mutation assay, pendimethalin revealed dose-dependent mutagenic potential in 313 ∼ 5,000 ${\mu}$g/plate of Salmonella typhimurium TA 98 and TA 1537 both in the absence and presence of S-9 metabolic activation system, and TA 100 only in the absence of S-9 mixture. In the TA 1535, slight increase of revertant was also observed in the presence of S-9 metabolic activation system. No mutagenic potential was observed in the TA 1535 without metabolic activation system and TA l00 in the presence of S-9 mixture. In mammalian cell system using Chinese hamster lung (CHL) fibroblast, no clastogenicity of pendimethalin was observed both in the absence and presence of S-9 metabolic activation system in the concentration range of 2.32∼9.28 ${\mu}$g/ml. And also, in vivo bone marrow micronucleus assay, pendimethalin revealed no clastogenic potential in the dose range of 203∼810 mg/kg body weight after oral administration in mice. Consequently, in vitro chromosome aberration with mammalian cells and in vivo bone marrow micronucleus assay revealed no clastogenic potential of pendimethalin. However, pendimethalin revealed mutagenic potential in bacterial gene mutation assay.

• Journal of fish pathology
• /
• v.7 no.1
• /
• pp.63-70
• /
• 1994

Nitric oxide(NO) has recently been shown to play an important role on central nervous system(CNS) function in mammals. It is synthesized from L-arginine by the enzyme NO synthase. In this study, we examined this enzyme's existence in CNS of rainbow trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss) and described the forms of microglia. astrocytes. and oligodendrocytes. Two forms of microglia are distributed in CNS. one resembling their mammalian counterpart(large microglia : LM). and the other comprising small microglia(SM) with very little cytoplasm. CNS contained astrocytes of a distinct type which form reticular network, but lack connections to capillaries. The oligodendrocyte was generally a much denser cell than the astrocyte. We have detected NOS($1.04{\pm}0.12\;pg/min/mg$) from rainbow trout CNS. It could be inhibited reversibly or irreversibly by $N^{G}MMA$ and EGTA. These result suggest that the formation of NO from L-arginine in CNS is calcium-dependent and a pathway of early evolutionary orgin.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.6 no.3
• /
• pp.204-212
• /
• 1996

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of phosphate, aimno acid, and BSA on in vitro development of mammalian embryos. In vitro-matured and -fertilized(IVM/IVF) bovine embryos were cultured in simple, chemically defined, protein-free medium(mTLP-PVA0. When the phosphate concentration of mTLP-PVA supplemented with 19 amino acid were adjusted to 0.0, 0.10, 0.35, 1.05 and 2.10mM by the concentration of sodium phoshpate, there were no significant different in development ability of IVM/IVF bovine embryos cultured in the medium containing from 0.00 to 1.05mM phosphate until 48 hours post-insemination, However, proportion of embryos developing to $$8-cell and morula at 96 and 144 hours post- insemination, respectively, was significantly increased in the medium with o.35 mM phosphate(p<0.05). There was significant difference between O.10(18%)-0.35(24%)mM phosphate and 1.05(13%)-2.10(1%)mM phosphate in supporting development to blastocyst(p<0.05). When IVM/IVF bovine embryos were cultured in the medium supplemented with 19 amino acids, significant different was observed in the proporton of embryos reaching $$8-cell(49-50%), morula(38-40%) and blastocyst (29-32%) stages at 96, 144, and 192 hours post-insemination, respectively(p<0.05). Glutamine alone had no benefit on embryo development. When BSA was added to mTLP-PVA with 0.35mM phosphate, glutamine and 19 amino acids at 8, 48, 120 hours post-insemination, BSA significantly enhanced the development ability ofb embryos reaching $$2-cell (74-77%), $$8-cell (49-53%), morula(43-47%), and blastocyst(38-42%) stages at 48, 96, 144, and 192 hours post-insemination, respectively, regardless of the time of BSA addition.