• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.82-86
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• 2016

In this study, we investigated the spore diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in rhizospheres of a post-mining area and a natural forest area in Jecheon, Korea. The rhizospheres of the post-mining areas were dominated by Acaulospora mellea, while those of the natural forest area were dominated by Ambispora leptoticha. The number of AMF spores in rhizospheres of the post-mining area was significantly higher than that in the rhizospheres of the natural forest area. Although the diversity index of each area showed no significant difference, the community similarity of AMF within the rhizospheres of natural forest area was significantly higher than that observed within those of post-mining area. These results showed that AM fungal communities in rhizospheres could change because of the degree of disturbance.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.8
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• pp.382-393
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to evaluate level of achieving original policy goals to some degree in a variety of ways, and to provide basic data of establishment for promotion policy of abandoned mine area and furthermore, to contribute to that area and Casino policy research. To attain these sorts of research goals, a case method of study is employed to evaluate achievement of policy goals based on goal achievement model, and to survey satisfaction levels of the people of abandoned mine district based on stakeholder model. The local finance scales of those counties have been increased with local revenue enhancement. KangwonLand actively contributed to corporate social responsibility but it didn't actually help the local people. Most residents in that area negatively rate for the change of "the quality of life". By an itemized list, natural environment, local pride and expectation of future are relatively high, while participation of policy, increase in economic effects, relation of neighbor were lowest. and thus, we need to look for ways of improving the quality of life.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.178-182
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• 2002

This study was conducted to estimate the status of heavy metal contamination in agricultural products (n = 280), soils (n = 280), and irrigation waters (n = 48) in abandoned mines & normal farm lands (n = 8). The samples were digested with acids, then analyzed fur the contents of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), mercury (Hg), arsenic (As) and chrome (Cr) by an inductively coupled plasma spectrometer (ICP) and graphite- atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). The contents of Hg were determined using a mercury analyzer. Abandoned mines had soils with higher contents of heavy metals except Cr and irrigation waters with higher heavy metals except Hg, compared to those of normal farmlands. The contents of heavy metals in agriculture products varied depending types of products. Agricultural products in abandoned mines generally showed with higher contents of heavy metals except Cu, compared to those of normal farmlands. There was no significant relationship in heavy metal contents between agricultural products and soils (p > 0.05). It is suggested that heavy metals of agricultural products and soils in abandoned mines should be continuously monitored.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.501-510
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• 2003

Several geophysical surveys(electrical resistivity, electromagnetic, seismic refraction, CPR) were conducted to primarily investigate the gallery and the geomembrane at an abandoned mine(Imcheon mine). The subsurface structure mapped from seismic refraction survey mainly consists of three velocity layers(>1000 m/s, 1000∼2000 m/s,＜2000 m/s). Top of the bedrock, whose velocities exceed 2000 m/s, appears to be at depth of 7.5∼10m. Higher resistivities (of ten thousands-hundred of thousands ohm-m) are interpreted to be associated with a open(cavities) gallery. The events at depth of approximately 0.5∼0.7m in GPR sections are probably caused by high-density-poly-ethylene geomembrane. Taking into consideration of the differences in the spatial resolution between georadar and electrical surveys, the events of geomembrane correspond to the top of the high resistivities at depth of about 2m. The segments, characterized with the higher conductivities in the electromagnetic data and the lower resistivities in the electrical resistivity data, are probably associated with surface water or tear zone of geomembrane.

• 한국지구물리탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2001.09a
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• pp.75-89
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• 2001

There are 334 coal mines and about 900 metal mines abandoned. The environmental problems such as acid mine drainage from adits etc. and the subsidence has occurred in the abandoned mines. In addition, soil has been contaminated by tailings. According to analysis of mine drainages, some of them from adits in the abandoned coal and metallic mines were acidic and polluted by heavy metals. Especially, water quality of coal mine drainages were different by areas. Treatment of mine drainage by conventional chemical treatment has the drawback because the operating cost is very expensive. The treatment system used in mine drainage is the natural treatment system such as anoxic limestone drain in adits and the constructed wetland. The method of reclamation for abandoned waste rocks and tailings impoundments are mainly landfilling.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 2004.04a
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• pp.463-467
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• 2004

폐광산 지역내 사문암, 석회암 및 호온펠스와 지하수의 수질과의 상호관계를 비교 연구하였다. 암상별로 지하수를 채수하여 산화환원전위(Eh)와 수소이온농도(pH)를 측정하였다. Eh-pH 다이어그램을 작성한 결과 pH는 중성에서 약알칼리성으로 나타났으며, Eh는 -316.5～202.1 mV의 범위로 나타났다. 암상별 지하수의 파이퍼 다이어그램 분석 결과, 사문암 지/ 역에서는 $Mg^{2+}$-SO$_{4}$$^{2-}$ 형, 석회암 지역에서는 $Ca^{2+}$-HCO$_{3}$$^{-}$형이 우세하게 나타났다. 또한 호온펠스 지역에서는 $Na^{+}$＋K＋와 CO$_{3}$$^{2-}$ ＋HCO$_{3}$$^{-}$ 성분의 비가 다른 지역보다 높게 나타났다. 국부적인 폐광산 지역에서도 지하수내 주이온성분이 암상별 광물의 특징을 잘 반영하는 것으로 나타났다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 2004.04a
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• pp.396-399
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• 2004

산화환경에 노출된 폐광석에 포함되어 있는 황화광물은 산소와 물과의 화학반응을 통해 산화작용을 받게 되고, 이로 인하여 Fe, Mn, Pb, Zn, Cu 및 As등의 원소의 용해반응이 발생할 것으로 예상된다. 그러나 이와 같이 용해된 금속이온은 pH등 환경의 변화에 따라 2차광물(산화광물 및 황산염광물)로 침전되거나 흡착되어 수용액으로부터 제거되어 자연적으로 고정화 될 수 있다. 이처럼 황화광물의 산화작용에 의해 형성된 2차광물에 대한 광물학적 연구는 광산복원을 결정하는데 직접적인 지구화학적 자료로 활용될 수 있다. 삼산제일광산에 방치된 폐광석을 대상으로 XRD, SEM/EDS을 이용하여 광물학적 연구를 수행한 결과 침전과 공침, 흡착 등의 화학반응을 통하여 현재 고정화되고 있는 것이 확인되었다.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.525-534
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• 2014

Environmental problems typically occurring in abandoned mine lands (AML) include: contaminated and acidic surface water and groundwater; stockpiled waste rock and mill tailings; and ground subsidences due to mining operations. This study examines the effectiveness of various geophysical techniques for mapping potential hazard and contaminated zones. Four AML sites with sedimentation contamination problems, acid mine drainage (AMD) channels, ground subsidence, manmade liner leakage, and buried mine tailings, were selected to examine the applicability of various geophysical methods to the identification of the different types of mine hazards. Geophysical results were correlated to borehole data (core samples, well logs, tomographic profiles, etc.) and water sample data (pH, electrical conductivity (EC), and heavy metal contents). Zones of low electrical resistivity (ER) corresponded to areas contaminated by heavy metals, especially contamination by Cu, Pb, and Zn. The main pathways of AMD leachate were successfully mapped using ER methods (low anomaly peaks), self-potential (SP) curves (negative peaks), and ground penetrating radar (GPR) at shallow penetration depths. Mine cavities were well located based on composite interpretations of ER, seismic tomography, and well-log records; mine cavity locations were also observed in drill core data and using borehole image processing systems (BIPS). Damaged zones in buried manmade liners (used to block descending leachate) were precisely detected by ER mapping, and buried rock waste and tailings piles were characterized by low-velocity zones in seismic refraction data and high-resistivity zones in the ER data.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.419-424
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• 2007

The contents were investigated by the monitoring survey from the soils and tailings caused by numerous abandoned mines in Korea. Cause heavy metals due to abandoned metal mines are raising significant environmental problems. But it is an important key such as a leaching and a transfer mechanism to evaluate contamination levels caused by abandoned mines. In this study the column test was carried in order to calculate a leaching level from soils and tailings. It was demonstrated that the leaching of Pb, Cd and Mn was expressed with similar behaviors and that of As and Cu was expressed with similar behaviors. For Zn, the leaching behavior was shown a serious leaching level with 40 mg/kg during the 45days. This was explained by Zn high contents of soils Zn in a natural world and ORP conditions where the leaching of Zn was occurred easily. Hence it was necessary that the survey of ORP was a key as well as total contents for the management of abandoned metal mines. We could estimate the chemical forms of heavy metals using the physical index such as ORP and pH and reduce the risk from heavy metals caused by abandoned metal mines.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.145-150
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• 2005

An extensive numerical analysis is carried out to investigate the slope stability of the wasted mine tailing landfill constructed by the utilization of fine recycled-concrete aggregates. To do this, first, the physical and mechanical properties of the fine recycled-concrete aggregates and the wasted mine tailing are investigated, and the settlement and the change of material properly of the fine recycled-concrete aggregates resulted from reaction with water are also examined. The $OH^-$ elution from the fine recycled-concrete aggregates reacted with water slightly causes the change of material properties such as porosity, permeability and waster absorption, but the settlement does not happen noticeably. The results of numerical analysis of the landfill slope built with wasted mine tailing and recycled-concrete aggregates in alternate layer indicate that slope stability increases with decreasing the slope ratio, with decreasing the groundwater level inside slope, and with increasing the depth of fine recycled-concrete aggregate layer. Based on this study, thus, engineers working in related to the wasted mine tailing landfill design and construction using the fine recycled-concrete aggregates should be considered the slope ratio, the groundwater level, the depth of fine recycled-concrete aggregate layer.