• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.468-468
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• 2012

레이더 강우를 적극적으로 활용하기 위해서는 레이더 강우에 포함된 각 오차들에 대한 특성을 파악하고 정량화하는 것이 무엇보다 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 레이더 반사도의 오차구조를 파악하고 그러한 오차구조를 갖는 반사도로부터 표출한 CAPPI의 거리오차를 보정하였다. 이러한 거리오차 파악을 위해서는 참 값으로 가정할 수 있는 기준 반사도가 필요하며 본 연구에서는 VPR 모형으로부터 기준 반사도인 지상 반사도를 추정하였다. 그 결과 일정한 VPR 모형을 적용하게 되면 거리와 상관없이 오차는 일정하고 오직 고도에 의해서만 영향을 받는다. 그러나 일정 고도에서의 반사도 표출 방법인 CAPPI는 지구곡률효과로 인해 실제로 거리가 멀어 질수록 관측 고도가 높아진다. 이에 따라서 오차는 거리가 멀어질수록 커지게 된다. 이는 실제 호우사상에 적용한 결과에서도 유사하게 나타났다. 강릉 기상 레이더의 경우 1.5km CAPPI는 약 100km까지 1.5km 고도를 유지하다 그 이상부터 고도가 점점 높아진다. CAPPI의 오차를 거리에 따라 분포시킨 결과에서도 100km까지는 어느 정도 일정한 오차를 보이다 그 이상부터 오차가 점점 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. CAPPI의 오차를 2차원 평면으로 나타낸 결과에서도 호우가 전반적으로 퍼져있는 시점부터 원거리에서 큰 오차를 보이고 있다. 이는 오차의 평균에서 더욱 명확히 나타났다. 이와 같이 CAPPI는 원거리 자료에서 오차가 크게 나타나고 있다. 이에 CAPPI에 포함된 거리오차를 VPR 모형을 이용하여 보정하였다. 그 결과 원거리에서의 오차가 감소하였음을 확인하였다.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.459-467
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• 2008

This paper describes a proposal for average crack width and immediate deflection calculation in structural concrete members. The model is mathematically derived from actual bond stressslip relationships and tension stiffening effect between reinforcement and the surrounding concrete, and the actual strains of steel and concrete are integrated respectively along the embedded length between the adjacent cracks so as to obtain the difference in the axial elongation. With these, a model for average crack width and immediate deflection in reinforced concrete flexural members are proposed utilizing difference in the axial elongation and average steel strain and moment-curvature relationship with taking account of bond characteristics. The model is applied to the test specimens available in literatures, and the crack width and deflections predicted by the proposal equation in this study are closed to the experimentally measured data compared the current code provisions.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.8 no.10
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• pp.421-426
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• 2019

In this paper, we propose a method to visualize the geometric features of the contact region between proteins in a protein complex. When proteins or ligands are represented as curved surfaces with irregularities, the property that the two surfaces contact each other without intersections is called shape compatibility. Protein-Protein or Protein-Ligand docking researches have shown that shape complementarity, chemical properties, and entropy play an important role in finding contact regions. Usually, after finding a region with high shape complementarity, we can predict the contact region by using residual polarity and hydrophobicity of amino acids belonging to this region. In the research for predicting the contact region, it is necessary to investigate the geometrical features of the contact region in known protein complexes. For this purpose, it is essential to visualize the geometric features of the molecular surface. In this paper, we propose a method to find the contact region, and visualize the geometric features of it as normal vectors and mean curvatures of the protein complex.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.116-126
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to objectify the shape of curvature and average change rate of angular and arched eyebrow makeup. The data for the analysis were the final 336 pieces for the cosmetology students in the whole country. SPSS 20.0 program was used for the collected data, frequency analysis, factor analysis, reliability analysis, and crossover analysis were performed. First, the frequency of the average change rate of eyebrow makeup (angular and arcuate) was analyzed. As a result, the eyebrows suitable for the angled type showed the highest level of 'A-2' and the arched eyebrows had the highest level of 'B-2'. Second, to analyze the important factors of eyebrow makeup, frequency of eyebrows was the most important, followed by the inclination of eyebrows and eyebrow tail. Third, factor analysis and reliability analysis were conducted to examine each dimension of eyebrow makeup perception, and it was derived from three factors including acceptability, aggressiveness, and playability. Fourth, in order to analyze the difference of important factors in the form of the standard eyebrow makeup, the cross - analysis was performed with chi - square test, and it was confirmed that the angular eyebrow makeup showed the most objectivity when the average change rate was 0.29 and the curvature was 0.67. Fifth, arcuate eyebrow makeup showed the most objectivity when the average change rate was 0.57 and curvature was 0.56. The results of this analysis can be used as objective data of aesthetic criteria when designing the eyebrow shape.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.22 no.8
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• pp.1173-1182
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• 1998

A throughflow analysis program for axial flow turbines is constructed, which can handle not only the two-dimensional multi-streamline (streamline curvature) method but also the one-dimensional mean line method. Calculations are performed for single stage and multi-stage axial flowturbines. For a wide operating range, the performance and flow field calculated by the present streamline curvature method are close enough to the test data. It is also revealed for the single stage turbine that the present analysis leads to far better correspondence with the experiment than other researchers" throughflow analyses. A special focus is put on the comparison of the results between the streamline curvature analysis and the mean line analysis. It is found that the mean line analysis can not predict the performance for highly off-designed conditions as accurately as the streamline curvature method, which shows the importance of considering the spanwise variation of loss and flow.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.74-80
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• 2010

The purpose of reverse engineering design using 3D measurement data is an accurate reconstruction of real body. In oder to accomplish this object, it is important that creating exact extracting edges should be studying out first of all. This study used edge-based method to find out edge point from the measuring point data. The characteristics are analysed using the mean curvature block method on the fitting NURBS curve and defined edges through block removal condition. The results showed that only using the NURBS curve of maximum curvature analysis to define correct edge of real geometry is limited, but this segmentation approach provides simplified necessary condition for edge classification, and an effectiveness to classify a straight line, curves and fillets etc.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.114.2-114.2
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• 2012

태양 광구표면에서 시선방향 자기장 자료를 살펴보면 그 극성이 변하는 지점들이 선의 형태로 보이는데 이것을 Magnetic Polarity Inversion Line(MPIL) 혹은 Neutral Line이라 부른다. 기존의 연구에 의하면 태양활동영역에서 MPIL의 길이가 길수록 플레어 및 코로나물질방출(CME)과 같은 큰 규모의 분출현상들이 일어나는 빈도가 높다는 사실이 보고된 바 있다. 이런 점에서 볼 때 MPIL이 우주환경 예보의 측면에서 중요한 도구가 될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. 하지만 여전히 MPIL의 기하학적, 물리적 특성 및 그 형성과 진화과정에 대한 이해가 부족한 상황이다. 우리는 본 연구에서 SOHO/MDI 시선방향 자기장 자료를 사용하여 태양활동 23주기에 나타난 308개의 태양활동영역에 대하여 MPIL의 길이, 곡률과 같은 기하학적인 특성을 연구하였고, 또한 MPIL주변의 자기장(평균 자기선속, 총 자기선속 등) 및 magnetic fragment들의 속도장(평균속력, 수렴 및 발산정도, vorticity 등)과 같은 물리적인 특성에 대한 통계적 조사를 수행하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.7 no.5
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• pp.313-320
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• 2013

For some patients with joint illnesses such as rheumarthritis or varus deformity, the total knee arthroplasty (TKA) procedures are performed. However, when inserting metal cutting guide for the procedures, due to the femoral shaft bowing, complications such as the cortex of the femoral shaft damages or secondary fractures can be caused. If the central coordinate value of the femoral shaft is known, the metal cutting guide could be inserted into the anatomical center, so such complications can be prevented. In this study, CT images of femoral shafts of 10 individuals in the experiment group who are in need of receiving the total knee arthroplasty procedures and those of 10 individuals in the control group without illness in the femoral shaft have been utilized to locate the 3-dimensional coordinate values. Then, Matlab was utilized to identify the central coordinate value in order to obtain a graph reflecting the anatomical shapes as well as to acquire the 3-dimensional radial curvature values by section. As a result, the average curvature range and standard deviation of femoral shafts of the experiment group was determined to be $758.15{\pm}206.3mm$ whereas the that of the control group was determined to be $1672.97{\pm}395.6mm$. The statistical significance of the measured results was verified through f-distribution analysis. Based on these results, it was verified that the level of curvature of the femoral shaft of the experiment group was higher. If the anatomical central points are located and analyzed using this methodology, it would be helpful in performing orthopedic operations such as the total knee arthroplasty.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.197-202
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• 2013

Purpose: This research was performed to measure and analyze scotopic pupil size in myopes and to figure out the factors that influence it. Methods: The pupil size of 191 healthy myopic subjects were measured with the pupillometer (Colvard pupillometer, OASIS medical, USA) in scotopic and analyzed with the age, corneal size, spherical equivalent refractive error, corneal curvature. In addition, it was compared with the measurements of intra-examiner and inter-examiner to verify reproducibility of pupillometer. Results: The mean (${\pm}$SD) scotopic pupil size was $6.64{\pm}0.68$ mm (range, 5.00~8.00 mm), the lower age and the larger corneal size, The bigger the pupil size. The lower spherical equivalent refractive error and steepper corneal curvature tends to be smaller. The reproducibility of intra-examiner and inter-examiner in pupillometer showed the reliability highly (Guttman splithalf point > 0.91). Conclusions: The pupil size associated with age, corneal size, spherical equivalent refractive error and corneal curvature in scotopic condition. It can refer to prevent inconvenience that may occur RGP contact lenses, cataract surgery and refractive surgery.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.45-51
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• 1990

DEM must have a high accuracy against the actual topographic model. A model which can compute heights responding to random plane position by using of the topographic data and interpolation must be constructed. Interpolation affected by the accuraccy of the observations included noise, which affected by the slop and curvature weight. Data smoothing is a method to reduce the noise. Average declination and area ratio are variable which result similarity in according to slope. But in local area, area ratio well shows a local change. This study try to classify the terrain by the declination to analysis the effects of the declination and curvature weights, and then to represent the most probable model. The result are following : In terrain classification by the slop, p16 and p24 were fitted in the plane surface fit p16 and S in the varying surface, and S and p24 in the irregular surface in classification by curvature, p24 and S were fitted in the plane or varying surface, and p16 in the irregular surface In case of hybrid, p16, p24 and S are fitted in the plane, varying and irregular surface respectively. Smoothing is the most effective in case of slope of 50 persentage and of curvature weight of 0.0015.