• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
• /
• 2022.05a
• /
• pp.203-203
• /
• 2022

일반적으로 지진해일은 지진, 화산에 의한 융기 또는 침강에 따른 급작스러운 해저지각 운동에 의해 발생하며, 이에 따른 수위변동과 유체운동을 일컫는다. 그 밖에 해안/해저 산사태, 운석 낙하, 빙하 붕괴와 같이 암석, 토사, 얼음, 운석이 바다, 호수의 수면과 충돌하여 해일이 발생하기도 한다. 이 산사태 해일의 피해사례는 많지 않지만, 대부분 인명피해를 동반한다. 이에 과거부터 수리모형실험을 통해 산사태로 생성된 해일의 전파과정을 조사하는 연구들이 수행되었다. 최근에는 컴퓨터 성능향상과 다양한 수치모델이 개발됨에 따라 수치해석이 많이 수행되고 있다. 그러나 산사태 해일의 생성을 직접 모의하기 위해서는 유체-구조 상호작용(FSI; fluid-structure interaction)을 고려할 수 있는 전산유체역학(CFD; computational fluid dynamics)해석이 요구되는 관계로 활발한 연구가 진행되지 않고 있다. 본 연구에서는 FSI에 기초하여 충돌모의에 특화된 LS-DYNA를 이용하여 산사태 해일의 생성, 전파 그리고 직립벽(댐)에서의 처오름 및 파압 등을 검토한다. 그리고 낙하물의 형상, 낙하 높이에 따라 생성된 해일이 댐에 미치는 영향을 분석한다. 또한, 이용하는 LS-DYNA 해석의 타당성 및 유효성을 확인하기 위하여 기존 수리모형실험에서 생성된 산사태 지진해일과 비교·검증한다. 수치해석 결과, 동일한 체적의 낙하물에서는 폭이 좁을수록 최대파고가 낙하물에 근접해 생성되었고, 폭이 넓을수록 파장이 길어지는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 낙하물의 낙하높이가 높을수록 산사태 지진해일의 파고가 크게 생성되었다. 낙하물로부터 600m 지점에서 설치한 댐에서의 산사태 지진해일의 처오름은 파고 및 파장이 클수록 증가하였다. 산사태 지진해일의 파압 역시 처오름에 상응하게 나타났다. 그러므로 호소에서 산사태 해일이 발생한다면, 댐 및 제방의 안정성에 영향을 미칠 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• v.5 no.1
• /
• pp.21-30
• /
• 1985

The tension leg platform (TLP) is a kind of compliant structures, and is also a type of moored stable platform with a buoyancy exceeding the weight because of having tensioned vertical anchor cables. In this paper, among the various kinds of tension leg structures, Deep Oil Technology (DOT) TLP was analyzed because it has large-displacement portions of the immersed surface such as vertical corner pontoons and small-diameter elongated members such as cross-bracing. It also has results of hydraulic model tests, comparable with theorectical analysis. Because of the vertical axes of symmetry in the three vertical buoyant legs and because there are no larger horizontal buoyant members between these three vertical members, it was decided to develop a numerical algorithm which would predict the dynamic response of the DOT TLP using the previously developed numerical algorithm Floating Vessel Response Simulation (FVRS) for vertically axisymmetric bodies of revolution. In addition, a linearized hydroelastic Morison equation subroutine would be developed to account for the hydrodynamic pressure forces on the small member cross bracing. Interaction between the large buoyant members or small member cross bracings is considered to be negligible and is not included in the analysis. The dynamic response of the DOT TLP in the surge mode is compared with the results of the TLP algorithm for various combinations of diffraction and Morison forces and moments. The results which include the Morison equation are better than the results for diffraction only. This is because the vertically axisymmetric buoyant members are only marginally large enough to consider diffractions effects. The prototype TLP results are expected to be more inertially dominated.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
• /
• v.41 no.6
• /
• pp.588-598
• /
• 2020

The seafloor geology of Ieodo, a submerged volcanic island, has been poorly understood, although this place has gained considerable attention for ocean and climate studies. The main purpose of the study is to understand and elucidate types, distribution patterns and provenance of the surficial sediments in and around the Ieodo area. For this purpose, 25 seafloor sediments were collected using a box-corer, these having been analyzed for grain sizes. XRD (X-ray Diffraction) analysis of fine-grained sediments was conducted for characterizing clay minerals. The peak of Ieodo exists in the northern region, while in the southern area, shore platforms occur. The extensive platform in the south results from severe erosion by strong waves. However, the northern peak still survived from differential weathering. Grain size analyses indicated that gravels and gravelly sands with skeletons and shells were distributed predominantly on the volcanic apron and shore platform. Muddy sediments were found along the Ieodo and the adjacent deeper seafloor. Based on the analysis of clay mineral composition, illites were the most abundant in fine muds, followed by chlorites and kaolinites. The ratio plots of clay minerals for the provenance discrimination suggested that the Ieodo muds were likely to be derived from the Yangtze River (Changjiang River). As a consequence, gravels and gravelly sands with bioclastics may be supplied from the Ieodo volcanic apron by erosion processes. Wave activities might play a major role in transportation and sedimentation. In contrast, fine muds were assumed to be derived from the inflow of the Yangtze River, particularly in summer. Deposition in the Ieodo area is, therefore, probably controlled by the inflow from the Changjiang Dilute Water and summer typhoons from the south.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
• /
• v.45 no.3
• /
• pp.203-213
• /
• 2024

This study aimed to investigate the seasonal patterns of multiple bar formation in summer and flattening in winter on the macrotidal Sinduri beach in Taean, and to understand the processes their formation and subsequent flattening. Beach profiling has been conducted regularly over the last four years using a VRS-GPS system. Surface sediment samples were collected seasonally along the transectline, and grain size analyses were performed. Tidal current data were acquired using a TIDOS current observation system during both winter and summer. The Sinduri macrotidal beach consists of two geomorphic units: an upper high-gradient beach face and a lower gentler sloped intertidal zone. High berms and beach cusps did not develop on this beach face. The approximately 400-m-wide intertidal zone comprises distinct 2-5 lines of multiple bars. Mean grain sizes of sand bars range from 2.0 to 2.75 phi, corresponding to fine sands. Mean sizes show shoreward coarsening trend. Regular beach-profiling survey revealed that the summer profile has a multi-barred morphology with a maximum of five bar lines, whereas, the winter profile has a non-barred, flat morphology. The non-barred winter profiles likely result from flattening by scour-and-fill processes during winter. The growth of multiple bars in summer is interpreted to be formed by a break-point mechanism associated with moderate waves and the translation of tide levels, rather than the standing wave hypothesis, which is stationary at high tide. The break-point hypothesis for multi-bars is supported by the presence of the largest bar at mean sea-level, shorter bar spacing toward the shore, irregular bar spacing, strong asymmetry of bars, and the 10-30 m shoreward migration of multi-bars.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
• /
• v.28 no.3
• /
• pp.132-145
• /
• 2016

In case of the seabed around and under gravity structures such as submerged breakwater is exposed to a large wave action long period, the excess pore pressure will be generated significantly due to pore volume change associated with rearrangement soil grains. This effect will lead a seabed liquefaction around and under structures as a result from decrease in the effective stress. Under the seabed liquefaction occurred and developed, the possibility of structure failure will be increased eventually. In this study, to evaluate the liquefaction potential on the seabed quantitatively, numerical analysis was conducted using the expanded 2-dimensional numerical wave tank model and the finite element elasto-plastic model. Under the condition of the regular wave field, the time and spatial series of the deformation of submerged breakwater, the pore water pressure (oscillatory and residual components) and pore water pressure ratio in the seabed were estimated.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
• /
• v.24 no.3
• /
• pp.189-202
• /
• 2012

An Oscillating Water Column (OWC) wave generation system uses the air flow induced by the vertical motion of water column in the air chamber as a driving force of turbine. It is well known that OWC is one of the most efficient devices to harness wave power. This study estimated the air flow velocity from the time variation of the water level fluctuation in the air chamber under regular wave conditions using 3-dimensional numerical irregular wave tank (3D-NIT) model that can simulate the 3-dimensional irregular wave field. The applicability of the 3D-NIT model was validated by comparing numerically predicted air flow velocities with hydraulic experimental results. In addition, the characteristics of air flow frequency spectrum variation due to the incident frequency spectrum change, and the variations of frequency spectrum and wave reflection due to the existence of converter inside the air chamber were discussed. It is found that the phase difference exists in between the air flow velocity and the water level fluctuation inside the air chamber, and the peak frequency of the spectrum in water level fluctuation is amplified by the resonance in the air chamber.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
• /
• 1990.07a
• /
• pp.221-221
• /
• 1990

진하 해수욕장은 부산에서 약 40km 정도 동해안도로를 거슬러 올라가면 경남 울주군 진하리에 위치한 조그마한 자연해변의 해수욕장이다. 해수욕장의 동쪽에서는 회야천이 흘러 들어오고, 이 하천의 3km 상류지점에는 댐을 축조하여 온산공단 및 주변지역의 생활용수를 공급하고 있다. 어울려서, 쾌적한 위락시설 단지로서는 최적이라고 생각된다. 현재 이 해안은 매년 침식이 진행되면서 해수욕을 할 수 있는 해변 공간이 줄어들고 있는 실정이다. 따라서 이 해안을 보전하기 위해서 관청과 주민들은 많은 심혈을 기울이고 있는 실정이다. 본 연구의 조사단은 1987년부터 해마다 수침측량을 실시하여 해수욕장의 지형변화를 조사하고 있다. 특히 이 해수욕장의 사빈은 몇년전 부터, 침식형의 사빈으로 변화되어 매년 많은 모래가 유실되는 현상이 발생하고 있어, 관청 및 주민들의 관심을 집중시키고 있다. 따라서, 금년에도 울주군청에서는 회야강 하구에 생성된 사주를 준설하여 준설된 모래를 해수욕장에 인공적으로 투입하여 양빈을 실시하고 있는 실정이다. 이 작업은 하구폐색의 문제를 해결할 뿐만 아니라 선박의 운행에도 큰 도움을 주고 있다. 이러한 작업은 기초해안 자료를 충분히 검토된 상태에서 실시되어야 한다. 그러치 못할 경우는 인위적으로 투입된 모래는 파랑에 의해서 다시 심해방향이나, 해안류를 따라서 다시 하구로 밀려오는 현상이 일어 날 것이다. 본 연구는 회야강 하구의 지형변화와 진하 해수욕장의 사빈의 변화를 정확히 파악하고져 단기간 동안 심천 측량을 실시한 결과를 이용하여 기존이론으로 해석한 결과를 제시함을 목적으로 한다.고 동시에 광 스트레스에 대한 저해를 감소시키는 것으로 보인다. 있다. 청주권의 무심천도 계획상은 대청댐의 물을 공급 받을수도 있도록 되어 있으나 현실상으로 상수도 원수로서의 공급마저도 매년 심한 원수 수질 문제(5-6월, 10월경의 취수장 부근의 부영양화 현상으로 인한 악취와 물 맛의 문제)를 1984년부터 겪고 있다. 이와 같이 도시권 하천의 수자원은 자연적, 인위적, 경제적, 법적, 제도적 여러 제한 요소로서 특성을 가지고 있으며 이는 날로 심해 가고 있는 실정이다. 그러므로 최적 물관리 시스템의 개발이 새로이 시작하는 수자원 개발 사업에서는 계획 단계에서부터 절실히 요구되는 바이며 기존 시설물의 관리 운영은 과감히 그 운영 관리 기준을 보완 재 정비하여야 할 것이다. 지금까지 대부분의 수자원 종합 개발 계획이 홍수방이나 용수 공급 및 수력 개발 등에 주력하여 왔으나 이제는 보다 더 수자원의 환경 보전적 차원과 도시의 안정적 발달을 위한 지역 및 권역 계획과 연계지워져서 양적인 안정 공급과 더불어 질적인 향상과 연계지워서 경제-사회적 요구에 부응할 수 있도록 도시권의 수자원을 최적 관리할 수 있는 방안을 강구하여야 할 것이다. 이는 각 도시 하천의 수자원의 정량적·정성적인 특성 및 제한 요소를 충분히 감안하여 수요-공급 개념에 의하여 과감히 기존 시설(예: 팔당댐의 운영, 대청댐의 운영 등)의 관리 운영 체계를 개선하여 나가야 할 것이며, 수질 보전적-환경 보전 차원에서 저수관리 체계를 확고히 할 수 있는 방안을 강구하여야 할 것이다.펄스주입법에 의해 증착된 박박은 강유전성 이력을 나타내었다.지역

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
• /
• v.28 no.6
• /
• pp.332-349
• /
• 2016

OLAFOAM is the powerful CFD code and is an expanded version of $OpenFOAM^{(R)}$, for wave mechanics simulation. The $OpenFOAM^{(R)}$ does provide many solvers to correspond to each object of the numerical calculation in a variety of fields. OLAFOAM's governing equation bases on VARANS (Volume-Averaged Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes) equation, and the finite volume method is applied to numerical techniques. The program is coded in C++ and run on the Linux operating system. First of all, in this study, OLAFOAM was validated for 1) wave transformation inside porous structure under bore and regular wave conditions, 2) wave transformation by submerged breakwater under regular wave condition, and 3) regular wave transformation and resultant vertical velocity distribution under current by comparison with existing laboratory measurements. Hereafter, this study, which is almost no examination carried out until now, analyzed closely variation characteristics of water surface level, wave height, frequency spectrum, breaking waves, averaged velocity and turbulent kinetic energy around porous submerged breakwater in the wave and current coexisting field for the case of permeable or impermeable rear beach. It was revealed that the wave height fluctuation according to current direction(following or opposing) was closely related to the turbulent kinetic energy, and others.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• v.34 no.6
• /
• pp.713-719
• /
• 2001

The aim of this study is to check the application criteria of the conventional techniques and clarify the effects of breaker depth, seabed conditions on the stability in relation to the effects of uncertainty of storm duration and directional irregular waves. The typical damage modes were divided by the direct wave force on the armor unit and by the local scouring around the toe of a breakwater head by the model experiments. The destruction modes are defined, and some criteria on the damage modes and scouring/deposition at the toe of a breakwater head in relating the wave-bottom-structural conditions can be checked using the multi-directonal irregular wave generator system. According to the results, it is emphasized that the 3-D effects on the stability should be analyzed in the design of multi-purpose/function coastal structures in consideration of the evaluation of spatial variation of damage modes and hydraulic characteristics as well as the wave distribution along the structures.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
• /
• v.31 no.3
• /
• pp.180-198
• /
• 2019

In recent years, countries like Europe and Japan have been involved in many researches on the Low-Crested Structure (LCS) which is the method to protect beach erosion and it is regarded as an alternative to the submerged breakwaters, and compiled its results and released the design manual. In the past, studies on LCS have focused on two-dimensional wave transmission and calculating required weight of armor units, and these were mainly examined and discussed based on experiments. In this study, three-dimensional numerical analysis is performed on permeable LCS. The open-source CFD code olaFlow based on the Navier-Stokes momentum equations is applied to the numerical analysis, which is a strongly nonlinear analysis method that enables breaking and turbulence analysis. As a result, the distribution characteristics of the LCS such as water level, water flow, and turbulent kinetic energy were examined and discussed, then they were carefully compared and examined in the case of submerged breakwaters. The study results indicate that there is a difference between the flow patterns of longshore current near the shoreline, the spatial distribution of longshore and on-offshore directions of mean turbulent kinetic energy in case of submerged breakwaters and LCS. It is predicted that the difference in these results leads to the difference in sand movement.