• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.425-444
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• 2013

This study was carried out in order to determine the remediation of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs), trichloroethylene (TCE), perchloroethylene (PCE), benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes (BTEX) compounds for non-aqueous phase liquids (NAPLs) using in-situ air sparging (IAS) / vapor extraction (VE) with the marine sediments of Mandol, Hajeon, Sangam and Busan, South Korea. Surface sediment of Mandol area had sand characteristics (average particle size, 1.789 ${\Phi}$), and sandy silt characteristics (average particle size, 5.503 ${\Phi}$), respectively. Sangam surface sediment had silt characteristics (average particle size, 5.835 ${\Phi}$). Sediment characteristics before experiment in the Busan area showed clay characteristics (average particle size, 8.528 ${\Phi}$). TPHs level in the B1 column of Mandol, Hajeon, Sangam, and Busan sediments were 2,459, 6,712, 4,348, and 14,279 ppm. B2 (3 L/min) to B5 (5 L/min) columns reduced 99.5% to 100.0% of TCE and 93.2% to 100.0% of PCE. Removal rates of TCE, PCE, and BTEX are closely correlated (0.90-0.99) with particle sizes and organic carbon concentrations. However, TPHs (0.76) and benzene (0.71) showed the poorer but moderate correlations with the same parameters.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.171-182
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• 2015

Existing hydraulic terrain erosion simulations mainly focus on small scale terrain deformations. In this paper, we propose a simulation method combining hydraulic terrain erosion and thermal erosion, by which a natural large scale terrain of mountainous regions with river networks can be created. For water movement we use the pipe model of shallow water simulation, and for the easy formation of watercourse we use velocity dependent erosion, also we apply thermal erosion for the formation of V-form slopes in the vicinity of stream lines. As a result, we can obtain good natural shaped terrains for certain ranges of $K_c$(sediment capacity constant) and $K_v$(velocity dependent erosion strength) values. Also we present improved thermal erosion method, and suggest a way to avoid problems caused by large $K_c$value.