• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.413-419
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• 2019

Traffic routes typically have heavy traffic. Especially, the entrance of the route has a high risk of accidents occurring because of ships entering and exiting the port. However, almost of studies have focused on the distribution of traffic on the route. Thus, studies on the distribution between ships for passing through the route are insufficient. The purpose of this study was to analysis the traffic in the Busan north port No.1 route for one week. Based on present traffic conditions, one gate line was settled on the route with an analysis of traffic conditions. Based on the analysis data, each optimal time probability distribution between ships was divided into inbound/outbound and traffic volume. An analysis of the optimal probability distribution, was applied to 31 probability distributions divided into bounded, unbounded, non-negative, and advanced probability distribution. The KS test was applied for identifying three major optimal time probability distributions. According to the KS test results, the Wakeby distribution is the best optimal time probability distribution on the designated route. Although the optimal time probability distribution for other transportation studies such as on vehicles on highways is a non-negative probability distribution, this distribution is an advanced probability distribution. Thus, the application of major probability distribution for using other transportation studies is not applicable to this study Additionally, the distance between ships in actual traffic surveys and the distance estimated by the optimal probability distribution were compared. As a result of the comparison, those distances were fairly similar. However, this study was conducted in only one major port. Thus, it is necessary to investigate the time between ships and calculate a traffic volume on varying routes in future studies.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.446-452
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• 2018

A traffic route is an area associated with high risk for accidents due to the flow of heavy traffic. Despite this concern, most studies related to traffic focus solely on traffic distribution. Therefore, there is a need for studies investigating the characteristics of ships' routes and traffic patterns. In this study, an investigation was carried out to analyze the traffic distribution and pattern in 3 major traffic routes for 3 days. For the purpose of the study, based on the prevailing traffic conditions, the route was divided into 10 gate lines. The ships passing through the lines were also classified into either small, medium and large. ND-K-S (normal distribution, kurtosis, and skewness) test was carried out for the traffic distribution at each gate line based on the information analyzed on each traffic route. The analysis of the results obtained from the ND test showed that large vessels have normal distribution, medium sized vessels have satisfied normal distribution in one-way route only while small sized vessels do not have normal distribution. According to the result obtained from the K-S test, normal traffic pattern shows a significant difference between two-way route and one-way route. Results obtained from the K test result shows that in the case of one-way route, vessels have a traffic pattern using a wide range on traffic route. Further analysis shows that vessels concentrate on one side of route in case of two-way route. Results obtained from the S test show that, in case of one-way route, vessels have a normal traffic pattern according to center line. However, analysis pf the results shows that vessels are shifted to the right side of route in case of two-way route. Despite these findings, it should be noted that this study was carried out in only 3 ports, therefore there is need for investigation to be carried out in various routes and conditions in future studies.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.303-312
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• 2022

Bridges across waterways act as interference factors, that reduce the navigable water area from the perspective of navigation safety. To analyze the safety navigational width of ships navigating bridges across waterways, the optimal traffic distribution based on AIS data was investigated, and ships were classified according to size through k-means clustering. As a result of the goodness-of-fit analysis of the clustered data, the lognormal distribution was found to be close to the optimal distribution for Incheon Bridge and Busan Harbor Bridge. Also, the normal distributions for Mokpo Bridge and Machang Bridge were analyzed. Based on the lognormal and normal distribution, the analysis results assumed that the safe passage range of the vessel was 95% of the confidence interval, As a result, regarding the Incheon Bridge, the difference between the normal distribution and the lognormal distribution was the largest, at 64m to 98m. The minimum difference was 10m, which was revealed for Machang Bridge. Accordingly, regarding Incheon Bridge, it was analyzed that it is more appropriate to present a safety width of traffic by assuming a lognormal distribution, rather than suggesting a safety navigation width by assuming a normal distribution. Regarding other bridges, it was analyzed that similar results could be obtained using any of the two distributions, because of the similarity in width between the normal and lognormal distributions. Based on the above results, it is judged that if a safe navigational range is presented, it will contribute to the safe operation of ships as well as the prevention of accidents.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2014.10a
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• pp.103-105
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• 2014

선박의 운항분포는 교량충돌확률이나 선박충돌위험도 등을 계산할 때 매우 중요한 요인으로 작용하지만, AASHTO모델이나 해상교통안전진단에서의 근접도 평가모델 등 많은 충돌 또는 위험도 계산 모델에서는 선박의 운항분포가 단순한 정규분포임을 가정하고 있다. 따라서 특정 항로나 해역에서의 정확한 충돌, 위험 또는 안전 등에 관한 확률을 구하고자 할 경우에는 그 항로나 해역의 특성에 맞는 선박 운항분포를 사용해야 한다. 이 연구에서는 일주일간의 통항선박 위치정보(AIS정보)를 이용하여 다양한 특성을 가지는 항로별로 각각 고유한 특성의 선박 운항분포를 찾아내기 위해, sech 함수를 이용한 새로운 충돌위험도 평가법에서 피항구역의 문턱값을 결정하는 방법을 분석하고 실제 상황에 적용 가능한 식을 개발하였다.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.34 no.8
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• pp.609-614
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• 2010

This paper describes statistical parameter estimation to calculate collision probabilities between Mokpo Harbor Bridge and passing vessels. At first, we obtained AIS (Automatic Identification System) information from passing vessels, then after, analyzed the lateral distributions of vessel tracks and estimated the mean and the standard deviation for the distance away from bridge center, the passing course and the passing speed. The analysis results of track distribution for the distance away and the passing course are shown as normal type, otherwise the speed distribution shown as two kinds of different normal type. In addition, we testified that the usefulness of estimated parameter values through the relative comparison between the track distributions and it's normal probability distributions.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2014.10a
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• pp.137-139
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• 2014

우리나라 항만을 입출항하는 선박은 연간 390,245척(2013년)이며, 연안해역을 통항하는 선박은 우리나라 남해안이 세계에서도 통항척수가 많은 해역이다. 이러한 연안 해역에서 거리별 통항교통량 분포 및 해양사고 분포를 통하여 연안해역 거리별 위험도를 파악하여 교통량 분산 등을 유도하여 해상교통 안전을 향상시키는데 목적이 있다.

• Proceedings of KOSOMES biannual meeting
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• 2018.06a
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• pp.49-49
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• 2018

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.29 no.10 s.106
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• pp.821-826
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• 2005

The traffic volume will be increased and the traffic of larger vessel could be multiplied in the Pohang port by the opening of the Young-il new port in 2006. Unfortunately, however, potential danger factors to the safe navigation, disordered navigation and traffic congestion are still existing in the Pohang port and approaching waters. This paper describes the status of marine traffic flow and navigational characteristics based on the marine traffic survey using the exclusive software, and the results of marine traffic survey classify into ship's type, size and track history of passing ships through the statistical methods. Finally the examinations of marine traffic route, traffic flow and navigational characteristics are discussed. These results can be used for the best design of ship's routing at the Pohang waters.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2014.06a
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• pp.319-322
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• 2014

VTS(Vessel Traffic Center)는 관할해역의 해상교통데이터를 수집하여 해상교통관제를 수행하고 있다. 이러한 해상교통데이터는 가공되지 않는 정보이므로, 관제사 및 선박 등 사용자가 유용하게 활용할 수 있는 형태로의 분석이 필요하다. 이는 객관적인 데이터로 관제사 및 선박에서 해상교통 안전정책을 수립하는데 중요하다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 수년간 VTS에 축적되고 있는 BIG DATA를 활용하여 해상교통패턴을 분석하고자 한다. 분석하는 해상교통패턴은 통항분포, 선종별 항적 비교, 예부선의 강 조류 주의구역 판별, 항로상 어선 조업 현황분석 등을 통해 빅데이터를 활용한 관제구역설정, 집중관제구역 검토가 가능하다.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.761-767
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• 2012

Maritime traffic assessment is important to understand the characteristics of maritime traffic and to prevent maritime accidents. The maritime traffic assessment can be calculated from the ship trajectory data observed by using AIS(Automatic Identification System). This paper developes a maritime traffic assessment tool using ship's position and speed, course, time data from ships navigating waterways. The results are represented in terms of the number of traffic quantity and traffic distribution, speed distribution, geometric collision candidates. The developed tool will contributes to advance maritime traffic safety by VTS(Vessel Traffic Services).