• 한국도로학회지:도로
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.7-17
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• 2012

• Korean Architects
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• no.3 s.85
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• pp.29-41
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• 1976

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture Conference
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• 2012.03a
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• pp.76-79
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• 2012

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.23 no.5 s.83
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• pp.147-155
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• 2005

The purpose of this paper is to develop a method for estimation of reliable path-travel time using data obtained from the toll collection system on freeways. The toll collection system records departure and arrival time stamps as well as the identification numbers of arrival and destination tollgates for all the individual vehicles traveling between tollgates on freeways. Two major issues reduce accuracy when estimating path-travel time between an origin and destination tollgate using transaction data collected by the toll collection system. First, travel time calculated by subtracting departure time from arrival time does not explain path-travel time from origin tollgate to destination tollgate when a variety of available paths exist between tollgates. Second, travel time may include extra time spent in service and/or rest areas. Moreover. ramp driving time is included because tollgates are installed before on-ramps and after off-ramps. This paper describes an algorithm that searches for arrival time when departure time is given between tollgates by a Progressive Iterative Forward and Backward (PIFAB) search method. The algorithm eventually produces actual path-travel times that exclude any time spent in service and/or rest areas as well as ramp driving time based on a link-based procedure.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2011.11a
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• pp.691-694
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• 2011

차량의 위치를 인식하기 위한 시스템으로는 위성 위치 확인 시스템(GPS, Global Positioning System)과 관성 항법 시스템(INS, Inertial Navigation System)이 있다. INS는 차량의 최초 위치를 입력해야한다는 점과 시간이 지남에 따라 오차가 누적된다는 점 때문에 GPS와 INS가 상호보완적인요소로 통합하여 사용되고 있다. 하지만 GPS로부터 얻는 위치 정보는 정확성의 문제가 존재한다. 본 논문에서는 이를 해결하기 위해 톨게이트와 전광판을 활용하여 초기의 위치 값을 얻고, 누적오차를 방지하기 위해 재 초기화하는 방안을 제안한다. 고속도로상의 톨게이트와 전광판에는 모두 DSRC(Dedicate Short Range Communication) 시스템을 통해 위치를 전송할 수 있다. 따라서 INS의 최초 위치 입력이 필요한 문제와 누적오차 문제를 해결할 수 있다. 제안 방식을 통해 INS의 장점을 살리면서도 좀 더 정확한 위치를 인식 할 수 있어 차량 간 통신(V2V, Vehicle-to-Vehicle)기반의 이웃 차량 위치인지 시스템에 대한 연구가 더 활발해질 것으로 기대된다.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.39-52
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• 2002

Traffic data by vehicle classification is difficult for mutual exchange of data due to the different vehicle classification from each other by the data sources; as a result, application of the data is very limited. In Particular. in case of TCS vehicle classification in national highways, passenger car, van and truck are mixed in one category and the practical usage is very low. The research standardize the vehicle classification to convert other data and develop the model which can estimate national highway traffic data by the standardized vehicle classification from the raw traffic data obtained at the highway tollgates. The tollgates are categorized into several groups by their features and the model estimates traffic data by the standardized vehicle classification by using the point estimation and bootstrap algorithm. The result indicates that both of the two methods above have the significant level. When considering the bias of the extreme value by the sample size, the bootstrap algorithm is more sophisticated. Using result of this study, we is expect the usage improvement of TCS data and more specific comparison between the freeway traffic investigation and link volume on freeway using the TCS data.

• Journal of Practical Engineering Education
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• v.16 no.3_spc
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• pp.391-399
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• 2024

All highway toll gates in Korea use low-speed WIM(Weight-In-Motion) to block overloaded cargo vehicles from entering the main highway, but some cargo vehicle owners are illegally modifying vehicles to operate variable axles and evading crackdowns by manipulating the axles. In previous studies detect all tires of a running vehicle were detected to determine whether there is axle manipulation. However, because the vehicle entry area at the highway toll gate checkpoint is very narrow, there is a problem that it is realistically difficult to film all tires of the entering vehicle in one video frame. In this paper, we proposed a system that can determine whether the axle is being operated through changes in the height of the vehicle's cargo box rather than by detecting tires. To detect changes in the height of a cargo box, we propose a method to extract the representative line of the cargo box using Hough transform and then measure the change in height of the representative line to detect the change in height of the cargo box. In addition, we propose a method to detect changes in the vertical height of a cargo box by accumulating motion vectors of pixels within a certain area of the image using optical flow. And the two methods were compared and their advantages and disadvantages were analyzed and presented.

• Journal of the Speleological Society of Korea
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• no.49
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• pp.31-43
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• 1997

현대인들은 다양한 관광과 여가의 개념을 갖고 있기 때문에, 주말이면 각 고속도로의 톨게이트는 상ㆍ 하행선이 번갈아 복잡해지는 현실에 처해 있다. 또한 관광의 개념도 바뀌어져 새로운 복합적 관광자원을 관광의 대상으로 삼고 있다. 따라서 이런 복합적인 기능을 가진 관광자원인 동굴의 가치를 살펴보는 것이 본 연구의 목적이다. 연구 결과 동굴은 자연 관광자원과 인문 관광자원으로서의 특징을 모두 갖춘 복합적 경관을 갖고 있기 때문에 ‘복합 관광자원’ 으로서의 구분할 수 있다. 이런 동굴의 특징은 예술성(지하 경관의 신비성), 종교성(원시종교의 유적성), 유용성(동굴 탐험장ㆍ 핵 폐기물 처리장), 학문성(지구과학ㆍ동굴학ㆍ관광학)으로 요약할 수 있다.

• Proceedings of the CALSEC Conference
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• 2001.02a
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• pp.273-285
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• 2001

◈ 정의 ㆍ 이동 단말기를 이용하여 수행되는 모든 형태의 상거래 ㆍ 이동 단말기와 통신 네트워크를 이용하여 수행되는 각종 정보, 서비스, 재화에 대한 모든 형태의 상거래 ◈ 범위ㆍ C2C: 개인 대 개인 정보제공, 채팅 ㆍ B2C. 기업 대 개인 모바일 뱅킹, 티켓팅 ,경매, 쇼핑 ㆍ B2B: 기업 대 기업 모바일 공급 관리, 물류 관리, 자재 관리 ㆍ M2M: 기계 대 기계 자동 판매기, 고속도로 톨게이트, 주차장 게이트(중략)

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.8 no.10
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• pp.1443-1449
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• 2013

Automatic detection of vehicles in front is an integral component of many advanced driver-assistance system, such as collision mitigation, automatic cruise control, and automatic head-lamp dimming. Regardless day and night, tail-lights play an important role in vehicle detecting and status recognizing of driving in front. However, some drivers do not know the status of the tail-lights of vehicles. Thus, it is required for drivers to inform status of tail-lights automatically. In this paper, a recognition method of status of tail-lights based on video processing and recognition technology is proposed. Background estimation, optical flow and Euclidean distance is used to detect vehicles entering tollgate. Then saliency map is used to detect tail-lights and recognize their status in the Lab color coordinates. As results of experiments of using tollgate videos, it is shown that the proposed method can be used to inform status of tail-lights.