• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.603-607
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• 2006

최근 산불발생이 증가하고, 그에 따른 피해가 증가하고 있다. 또한 산불 발생지역의 토양침식으로 인한 2차적인 재해위험이 예상됨에 따라 산불 지역의 토양침식과 영향인자들에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 낙산사 산불지역의 산지사면에 10개의 소규모 조사구를 설치하고 강우에 따른 토사유출량을 조사하였다. 토양침식 매개변수를 강우인자(강우량, 강우강도, 강우에너지), 지형인자(면적, 사면경사, 사면길이, 길이경사인자), 식생인자(전체피복도, 식생지수), 토양인자(투수계수, 유효입경, 유기물함량, 토심)로 구분하여 각각의 토양침식에 대한 관계를 분석하고, 시간경과에 따른 토양침식의 관계도 분석하였다. 강우강도와 강우량이 커짐에 따라 토양침식민감도에 대한 식생피복도의 영향이 더욱 가중되며, 식생 회복이 빠른 지역과 그렇지 않은 지역에서의 시간경과에 따른 누적 토양침식량의 변화는 크게 차이를 보였다. 낙산사 산불지역에서의 강우에 따른 토양침식은 강우에너지와 식생피복도의 관계가 가장 높았다.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.182-187
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• 2003

In order to elucidate a degradation characteristics of herbicide mefenacet in soil, the persistence in soils was studied under laboratory conditions for $90\sim120$ days at $28^{\circ}C$. Mefenacet residues were determined from the two soils which pre-treated by sterilization and flooding, respectively. Non-sterilized upland soil was used as a control. When 70 days elapsed from application time, $55\sim63%$ of mefenacet applied were dissipated in control soils. However, $32\sim33%$ of mefenacet applied were dissipated in the sterilized soils and $33\sim35%$ was dissipated in the flooded soils. 까 lese results indicated that the degradation of mefenacet was assumed to be due to microorganism, especially aerobic microbes. In order to elucidate the influence of water content on the persistence of mefenacet in soil, water content in soils was adjusted to 20, 50, and 80% of the water-holding capacity(Field capacity, WHC). The half-life of mefenacet in soil containing 20% and 50% of WHC were 82 and 73 days, respectively, after incubation for 90 days. However, the half-life in soil containing 80% of WHC was shortened to 61 days. These results indicated that degradation of mefenacet in soil was influenced by the activity of soil microorganism, organic matter content and water content.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.336-347
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• 1985

Soils and rice plants subject to smoke from the Jang-hang Smelter were samples at two depths to assess the nature and extend of Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn contamination, particularly with respect to distance from pollution source. Soils at east site within 1km of the center of the smelter were highly contaminated with Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn. Metal levels in the smoke-polluted area were higher in surface soil than in subsurface soil, and decreased rapidly with distance reaching nearly background levels at 5km from pollution source. A position correlation was found between contents of total and 0.1 N HCl-extractable, or 1.0N $CH_3COONH_4$- extractable heavy metals in surface soils of pollution. Contents of heavy metals in soils were positively correlated with soil organic matter and cation exchange capacity. The contents of heavy metals in brown rice collected from the paddy field around the Jang-hang Smelter were in the range of 0.23-1.33 ppm for Cd, 2.39-6.25 for Cu, 0.95-8.32 ppm for Pb and 14.60-27.31 for Zn. The contents of Cd, Cu, and Zn in rice straw were positively correlated with those in the brown rice. Negative correlation was found between the contents of Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn in brown rice and the distance from the source.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2020.12a
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• pp.70-70
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• 2020

참취(Aster scaber)는 국화과에 속하는 여러해살이식물로 취나물로 분류되어 전국에서 재배되고 있으며 최근 성인병 예방 효과와 무공해 건강식품으로 연중 소비가 증대되고 있으며, 주로 시설재배 작형으로 많이 재배하고 있다. 참취 시설재배지는 양분의 과다투입에 의한 염류집적과 잦은 관수로 물리성이 악화 되어 참취의 생육이 저하되어 수량이 감소하여 통상 3년 마다 종묘 갱신이 이루어지고 있다. 본 연구는 토양개량제 처리에 따른 토양 물리화학성과 참취의 생육에 미치는 영향을 검토하여 참취 시설재배 농가에 활용할 수 있는 방안을 개발하고자 시험을 수행하였다. 2018년 4월부터 2020년 11월까지 전라북도 농업기술원 허브산채시험장에서 참취 시설재배를 대상으로 무처리, 볏짚, 왕겨숯, 야자섬유 등을 10a당 1,000kg 처리하여 시기별 토양 이화학성, 생육특성을 조사하였다. 자재 처리 후 토양물리성의 변화는 볏짚 시용에서 가장 낮은 용적밀도 1.35g/cm³와 가장 높은 공극률 49.04%을 보였다. 토양 삼상 중 고상은 왕겨숯에서 52.82%로, 액상은 왕겨숯에서 30.28%로, 기상은 볏짚에서 22.45%로 가장 높았다. 토양 화학적 특성을 조사한 결과 모든 처리구에서 토양유기물 함량은 증가하였고, 유효인산은 함량은 440~487mg/kg로 낮아지는 경향을 보였다. 칼륨은 0.77~0.88cmol_c/kg로 낮아졌고, 칼슘과 11.56~14.09cmol_c/kg, 마그네슘은 2.93~3.22cmol_c/kg로 증가하였다. 생육특성은 볏짚 처리구에서 초장 26.4cm, 엽장 8.7cm, 엽폭 6.7cm, 줄기수 7.2주로 다른 처리구에 비해 좋은 생육이 좋았으며, 수량 또한 볏짚 처리구에서 1,554.3kg/10a로 가장 높았다. 지하부 생육특성은 볏짚 처리구에서 근중 83.7g/주, 근장 28.2cm, 근직경mm로 다른 처리구에 비해 생육이 양호하였다. 참취 다년재배지 정신 전 볏짚을 시용함으로써 토양의 유기물함량 증가와 용적밀도 감소, 공극율 증가 등 토양의 물리화학성을 개선하여 참취 수량성 증대효과가 있는 것으로 판단된다.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.42 no.spc
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• pp.33-39
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• 2009

The practice of supplying nutrients for paddy soil with sustaining human health and ecological soundness is to utilize indicators considering soil chemical reactions. The long-term basis experiment of fertilizer and amendment of paddy soil and an experiment of yield response of soil types on nitrogen level from 2000 till 2002were used to search indicators of nutrient supplying capacity related to soil chemical reactions. Chemical reactions of paddy soil was composed of dissociating and/or adsorbing nutrients and of decomposing soil organic matter (SOM) into $H^+$, $e^-$, $CO_2$ in paddy soil. The indicators of nutrient supplying capacity, which were established by considering soil chemical reactions, were SOM or soil protein for nitrogen and available phosphate for phosphorus and cation exchangeable capacity (CEC) and exchangeable potassium for potassium. Korea has used fertilizer recommendation equations established with the indicators of nutrient supplying capacity for paddy soil.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.41-47
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• 1972

An experiment was conducted to study the zinc deficiency of rice plant grown on Boeun soil of Korea and on Batangas soil of the philippines. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. Batangas soil was deficient in zinc because of the high pH, high organic matter and high calcium. Zinc content of the rice plant grown on Batangas soil was l6ppm. On the other hand, Boeun soil had low organic matter. Zinc content of the rice plant grown on Boeun soil was 33ppm. 2. The top leaf had higher zinc content than any other leaves. Zinc deficiency apparently occured when the zinc content of the rice plant was below 18ppm. 3. The physiologically acid fertilizer such as ammonium sulfate was more advantageous in improving zinc up take than the urea. 4. The zine deficiency was promoted when the Mn/Zn ratio is high, and zinc and manganess interact antagonistically in the growth of rice plant. 5. The zinc deficiency could be overcome by applying zinc chloride and fritted Trace elements to the Batangas soil, and the yield was significantly increased than conrtol.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.309-319
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• 2002

Soil adsorption study was carried out to define the mobility of pesticides or to evaluate leaching potential in soils. Five pesticides including ethoprophos, procymidone, iprobenfos, isoprothiolane, and butachlor were subjected to optimized adsorption experiment protocol for three types of cultivation soils. Freundlich adsorption coefficients (K) were ranged $0.35{\sim}0.95$ for ethoprophos, $0.98{\sim}2.2$ for iprobenfos, $1.2{\sim}4.3$ for procymidone, $1.5{\sim}3.5$ for isoprothiolane and $7.9{\sim}19$ for butachlor in three soils. Based on Koc values, ethoprophos was classified as mobile, iprobenfos, isoprothiolane and procymidone as moderately mobile and butachlor as slightly mobile. Two evaluation methods, Groundwater Ubiquity Score (GUS) index and standard indices of soil-chemical adsorption and biodegradation, were used for the estimation of pesticide leaching potential. Leachability of isoprothiolane and iprobenfos were evaluated as moderate, ethoprophos as a little potential, while butachlor and procymidone showed very low leaching potential. The leaching potential of pesticides was essentially determined on the basis of intrinsic properties of the pesticides and environmental properties. Among the soil properties, organic matter gave a great influence on the leachability of soils. Therefore, leachabilities of pesticides were expected less in loam with relatively higher organic matter than clay loam with lower organic matter.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.44 no.5
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• pp.801-807
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• 2011

This study was carried out to evaluate effect of consecutive application of organic matter on soil chemical properties and dehydrogenase, acid phosphatase activity in non-volcanic ash soil during three cropping season. Organic matter mixture and organic fertilizer (MOF, $2,000kg\;10a^{-1}$), food waste compost (FWC, $2,000kg\;10a^{-1}$), and pig manure compost (PMC, 2,000, 4,000, and $6,000kg\;10a^{-1}$) were applied for each cropping season. Soil pH values were increased after three cropping season in all treatment. In the soils of the increased application of PMC, soil pH, total-nitrogen, available phosphate, exchangeable cations (K, Ca, and Mg), and heavy metal (Zn and Cu) contents were increased. In addition, Soil dehydrogenase activity was significantly increased in proportions to PMC application rate and cropping season during potato cultivation period. The activity was two times higher in PMC ($4,000kg\;10a^{-1}$) than control after the third cropping season. Soil dehydrogenase activity was in order of PMC>FWC>NPK+PMC>MOF. Acid phosphatase activity was higher in PMC ($6,000kg\;10a^{-1}$) than other treatment. Soil Zn content and dehydrogenase activity showed linearly correlation, which were MOF ($R^2$=0.427), FWC ($R^2$=0.427) and PMC ($R^2$=0.411, p<0.01), respectively. This study demonstrated that soil chemical properties and enzyme activity could be affected greatly by consecutive application of different organic matter in the potato cultivation field.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.149-155
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• 2012

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of liquid pig manure application on soil chemical properties in rice - Chinese milkvetch rotation. Field experiment was designed with APLM 0 (Chinese milkvetch + Liquid pig manure $0L\;m^{-2}$), APLM 50 (Chinese milkvetch + Liquid pig manure $1.8L\;m^{-2}$), APLM 75 (Chinese milkvetch + Liquid pig manure $2.7L\;m^{-2}$) and APLM 100 (Chinese milkvetch + Liquid pig manure $3.6L\;m^{-2}$), respectively. The concentration of O.M, T-N, Avail. $P_2O_5$, K, Ca and Mg at different liquid pig manure levels in soil were generally high in the order of APLM 100 > APLM 75 > APLM 50 > APLM 0. Especially, T-N concentration of soil in APLM 100 was 1.4 times higher than APLM 0. The yield of rice in APLM 100 was $636kg\;10a^{-1}$ (increasing yield 5.3%) compared with APLM 0 in rice-Chinese milkvetch crop rotation. Therefore, application of liquid pig manure was useful in rice - Chinese milkvetch crop rotation.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.31-42
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• 1999

To investigate the effects of the composts made of sewage sludges on the physico-chemical properties of soil and growth of paddy rice, the variations of chemical properties in soil, the contents of inorganic matters and heavy metals in plant tissues, the contents of heavy metals in brown rice, the growth response of paddy rice and grain yield were investigated. The results were summarized as follows : The contents of organic matters, N, available $P_2O_5$ and exchangeable K in soil were increased by application of the composts. The contents of N and available $P_2O_5$ in soil were remarkably decreased at the harvesting time in comparing with the 20th day after application of the composts. The contents of heavy metals in soil were increased very slightly by application of the com-post. At the harvesting time, the contents of N and K were not varied in all plant tissues at the plot of the compost in comparing with the plot of the NPK. The content of $P_2O_5$ in plant was increased by application of the composts. The contents of heavy metals in plant tissues and brown rice were not changed among the treatments. When the composts were applied to the pot at the rates of 1,000, 2,000, 4,000 and 6,000kg/10a with NPK, the numbers of grain yield were increased with 3, 18, 44 and 54% in comparing with NPK plot, respectively. Dry weight, the numbers of tillers and spikelet of the rice plant were increased by application of the composts.