• Journal of agriculture & life science
• /
• v.50 no.2
• /
• pp.73-82
• /
• 2016

Best drought tolerance index was determined through statistics analysis and growth appearance of drought tolerant plants was determined by cultivation in pot and sloping land. For determination of best drought tolerant indicators, RD(Resistant dry days), LD(Leaf area), UTR(Unit transpiration), RWC(Relative water content), RWL(Relative water loss), LA(Leaf area), SN(Stoma unmber) and SA(Stoma area) were carried out by correlation and PCA analysis. RWL and UTR were affected on plant drought tolerance according to comparison among six indices for resistant dry days. The PCs axes separated SA, LA, RD and RWC and SN. UTR was negatively correlated with SA, RWL were also negatively correlated with RWC and SN. RWL and UTR were proved best selection indicator for the selection of drought tolerant species. Ulmus parvifolia, Bidens bipinnata, Patrinia villosa, Kummerowia striata, Arundinella hirta, Artemisia gmelini etc. were selected drought tolerant plants. Shoot growth appearance of drought resistant plants was differed pot and sloping land. Shoot growth and leaf number was no significant differences between the pot and sloping land. However, root growth of drought tolerant plants was all the difference between two cultivation. T/R ratio of drought tolerant plants was also found a big difference. T/R ratio of drought tolerant plants in sloping land was lower than that of pot. These results will be served efficiently plant breeding.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Groundwater Environment
• /
• v.6 no.4
• /
• pp.188-193
• /
• 1999

Transport of pollutants in aquifer largely depends on groundwater flow which is governed by aquifer hydraulic parameters. Determination of these parameters and associated groundwater modeling become essential for adequate remediation of contaminate groundwater. The objective of this paper is to analyze groundwater flow and determine the optimum hydraulic parameters by performing groundwater modeling based on sensitivity analysis for unconfined sandy gavel aquifer constructed in a laboratory scale under various boundary condition. Results revealed that the simulated drawdown was lower than the observed drawdown irrespective of boundary conditions. and specific yield (S$_{y}$) had less effect on the grondwater flow than permeability (K) in the aquifer. Water balance analysis showed that the measured drawdown in neighboring observation wells during pumping was higher than either simulated or recovered water table. The indicated that a difference might exist in the water tables between aquifer and wells. The difference was investigated by time domain reflectometry (TDR) measurements on water contents in the region of water table and capillary fringe, and explained by a delayed response of water table during gravitational drainage as the water table was lowered as a result of pumping.g.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• v.41 no.1
• /
• pp.13-17
• /
• 1998

To improve extraction of insoluble proteins and functional properties of abolished proteins by protease. It was found that the optimum pH, optimum temperature, optimum treatment time and optimum unit of enzyme far extraction of protein were pH 9.0, $60^{\circ}C$, 8 hrs, 40 units. The foaming capacity and foaming satbility of sesame meal protein after treatment of enzyme were especially higher than control. The emulsion capacity and emulsion satbility of sesame meal protein were higher than control. Coil absorption as well as water absorption capacities of sesame meal protein were higher than control.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
• /
• 2008.05a
• /
• pp.352-356
• /
• 2008

가뭄관리에서 가장 중요한 요소는 1) 강수량, 지표수, 지하수, 댐수, 토양수분 등 물 공급량의 시 공간적 모니터링과 2) 이용가능한 물 공급량 약화 정도에 따라 적시적소에 물 이용자가 취해야할 행동요령을 제시하는 것이다. 가뭄지수는 가뭄관리에서 종합적인 물 공급량 정보를 하나의 수치로 정량화하여 가용 수자원의 악화정도를 나타내어 가뭄경보의 기준으로 활용된다. 현재까지 개발된 대표적인 가뭄지수들은 PDSI(Palmer Drought Severity Index), SPI(Standardized Precipitation Index), SWSI(Surface Water Supply Index) 등이 있다. PDSI는 여러 가지 제한점을 가지고 있지만 가뭄지수 개발의 시발점이 되었다는 점에서 전세계적으로 이용하고 있고 국내에서도 기상청의 공식적인 가뭄지수로 발표되고 있다. PDSI는 복잡한 물수지 모형에 의해 산정되며, 이용되는 매개변수는 지역의 기후상황, 보정자료기간 등에 민감하게 작용하고 있으나 이들에 대한 국내기후 환경에서의 평가가 선행되어 있지 않고 있다. PDSI는 가뭄과 습윤 기간의 시작과 종료 시점을 확률적으로 산정하여 이를 기반으로 가뭄경보에 활용하고 있다. 또한, 이들 확률은 기상학적 가뭄상황을 나타내는 PDSI에 후행하는 하천유출, 저수지 수위, 지하수 등의 수문학적 가뭄을 표현하는 PHDI(Palmer Hydrological Drought Index)를 산정하는 데 이용된다. Z-지수 역시 PDSI에서 얻을 수 있는 가뭄지수로 단기간의 가뭄특성에 의한 농업가뭄을 표현하는 데 적합한 지수로 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 PDSI의 제한점들을 살펴보고 우리나라의 기후상황, 자료보정기간 등에 따른 PDSI의 제매개변수들을 재산정하여 계산된 PDSI의 변동성을 검토한 후 이를 Palmer(1965)가 제시한 PDSI 산정식과 비교 평가하였다. 또한 가뭄의 시작과 종료 확률 개념에 의하여 산정된 PDSI를 기상청에서 제공하고 있는 PDSI와 비교 분석하여 개선점을 도출하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
• /
• v.2 no.3
• /
• pp.46-59
• /
• 1999

Remote sensing provides informations on the changes of the hydrological states and variables over with the temporal and spatial distribution to monitor hydrological conditions and changes for large area. Especially, it can extract a spatial distribution of hydrological parameters such as surface albedo, vegetation informations, and surface temperature to effectively manage water resources of the watershed. In this study, we analyzed the characteristic of temporal and spatial changes in surface hydrological parameters which is necessary to identify the spatial distribution of water resources. 5 Landsat TM data of 1995 which is collected for Bochong-chon watershed, located in the upper stream of Keum River, were used to estimate characteristics on the change of hydrological parameters and atmospheric correction was carried out using COST model. The study showed that the difference of the albedo by the land cover was very sensitive depending upon the change of sun elevation and the amount of water in the soil. The difference between the surface temperature analysis and the measured air temperature was from $2.5^{\circ}C$ to $3.86^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
• /
• v.59 no.5
• /
• pp.31-40
• /
• 2017

The aim of this study is to estimate net irrigation requirements for red pepper during growing period using soil moisture model. The soil moisture model based on water balance approach simulates soil moisture contents of 4 soil layers in crop root zone considering soil moisture extraction pattern. The LAMP (Land-Atmosphere Modeling Package) high resolution meteorological data provided from National Center for AgroMeteorology (NCAM) was used to simulate soil moisture as the input weather data. Study area for the LAMP data and soil moisture simulation covers $36.92^{\circ}{\sim}37.40^{\circ}$ in latitude and $127.36^{\circ}{\sim}127.94^{\circ}$ in longitude. Soil moisture was monitored using FDR (Frequency Domain Reflectometry) sensors and the data were used to validate the simulation model from May 24 to October 20 in 2016. The results showed spatially detailed soil moisture pattern under different weather conditions and soil texture. Net irrigation requirements were also different by location reflecting the spatially distributed weather condition. The average of the requirements was 470.7 mm and averages about soil texture were 466.8 mm, 482.4 mm, 456.0 mm, 481.7 mm, and 465.6 mm for clay loam, sandy loam, silty clay loam, clay, and sand respectively. This study showed spatial differences of soil moisture and the irrigation requirements of red pepper about spatially uneven weather condition and soil texture. From the results, it was demonstrated that high resolution meteorological data could provide an opportunity of spatially different crop water requirement estimation during the irrigation management.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
• /
• v.56 no.5
• /
• pp.77-87
• /
• 2014

The impacts of climate change on upland crops is great significance for water resource planning, estimating crop water demand and irrigation scheduling. The objective of this study is to predict upland crop evapotranspiration, effective rainfall and net irrigation requirement for upland under climate change, and changes in the temporal trends in South Korea. The changes in consumptive use and net irrigation requirement in the six upland crops, such as Soybeans, Maize, Potatoes, Red Peppers, Chinese Cabbage (spring and fall) were determined based on the soil moisture model using historical meteorological data and climate change data from the representative concentration pathway (RCP) scenarios. The results of this study showed that the average annual upland crop evapotranspiration and net irrigation requirement during the growing period for upland crops would increase persistently in the future, and were projected to increase more in RCP 8.5 than those in RCP 4.5 scenario, while effective rainfall decreased. This study is significant, as it provides baseline information on future plan of water resources management for upland crops related to climate variability and change.

• KSBB Journal
• /
• v.10 no.4
• /
• pp.393-400
• /
• 1995

As a part of the .study on the multiple propagation and use of Dendropanax mcrbifera, distribution of this tree and component analysis of Golden Lacquer were investigated to reappear the Golden Lacquer, traditional paints. These results were summarized as follows. The natural growth habitat of Dendropanax morbifera was observed in 8 sites(Wando, Sanghwangbong, etc.), we could be found that Duryun nountain in Haenam for the first time. Dendropunax morbifera has grown from 100 to 450m above the sea level, appeared high frequency in the 200m. The soil pH of natural growth site was pH 4.9 to pH 5.8. Dendropanax morbifera grew in the area containing considerable moisture in that its contents was 16.5% to 27.4%. In community observation, dominance and community index of Bogildo and Chejudo was 3.3 in the forest tree layer and Wando was showed in the sub-forest tree layer mainly. In the growth conditions, Bogildo appeared the highest growth state that diameter of height of human chest was 1.0 to 20cm and tree height was 0.2 to 9m. As result of IR and GC-MS analysis, main component of Golden Lacquer was ${\beta}$-selinene and capnellane-8-one.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
• /
• 2010.05a
• /
• pp.258-262
• /
• 2010

지역기후모델 RegCM3 이용하여 역학적 상세화 이중둥지격자체계를 구축하고 관측, ECHO-G/S의 20C3M 및 SRES A2 시나리오를 이용하여 동아시아(60km 분해능)와 한반도(20km 분해능)에 대한 현재 및 미래 (1971-2100, 130년)의 기후변화 시나리오 자료를 생산하여 구축하였다. 현재 1971-2000년 기간 동안 상세화된 기온은 관측에 대해 저온 편의와 여름 강수는 건조 편의가 나타나는 계통오차가 있으나, 상세화된 자료는 한반도의 지형적 특성이 잘 반영되었고 관측의 월별, 계절별 변동성을 유사하게 모의하는 등 재분석 자료를 성공적으로 상세화한 것으로 판단된다. 미래 100년(2001-2100년)에 대해 전반기(2021-2050) 및 후반기(2070-2099)의 시나리오기후변동을 분석한 결과, 상세화된 지역별, 계절별, 연도별 기온 상승의 시 공간적 분포를 잘 보여주며, 기온상승(전반기: 동아시아지역~$1.8^{\circ}C$, 남한~$1.6^{\circ}C$, 후반기: 동아시아지역~$4.7^{\circ}C$, 남한~$4.6^{\circ}C$)에 의한 대기 중 수증기 함유량 증가와 여름 몬순의 강화로 전계절에 대해 강수량(전반기: 동아시아~10.5%, 남한~6.7%, 후반기: 동아시아~20.1%, 남한~31.9%)이 증가할 것으로 전망되었다. 수문기상 변화를 살펴보면, 미래 후반기에 남한은 $4.6^{\circ}C$가 상승하여 적설깊이는 5.3mm(-92.3%)가 감소할 것이고, 강수량의 연변동성을 크나 전체적으로 증가할 것이며, 토양수분, 증발산 또한 강수량 증가와 연관되어 증가할 것으로 전망되었다. 이렇게 ECHO-G/S SRES A2 시나리오를 기반으로 하여 역학적으로 상세화된 시나리오는 통계적으로 상세화된 시나리오 결과와 비교 검증함으로써 다중모델기법에 의해 불확실성을 제시함으로써 수문기상변화 예측을 위한 신뢰성 있는 자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
• /
• v.5 no.4 s.19
• /
• pp.59-69
• /
• 2005

Drought is difficult to detect and monitor, but it is easy to interpret through the drought index. The Palmer Drought Severity Index(PDSI), which is most commonly used as one of drought indices, have been widely used, however, the index have limitation as operational tools and triggers for policy responses. Recently, a new index, the Standardized Precipitation Index(SPI), was developed to improve drought detection and monitoring capabilities. The SPI has an improvement over previous indices md has several characteristics including its simplicity and temporal flexibility that allow its application for water resources on all timescales. Keetch-Byram Dought Index(KBDI) was defined as a number representing the net effect of evapotranspiration and precipitation in producing cumulative moisture deficiency in deep duff or upper soil layer. The purpose of this study is to analyze drought in Korea by using PDSI, SPI and KBDI. The result of this study suggests standard drought index by comparing of estimated drought indices. The data are obtained from Korea Meteorological Administration 56 stations over 30 years in each of the 8 sub-basins covering the whole nation. It is found that the PDSI had the advantage to detect the stage of drought resulting from cumulative shortage of rainfall, while SPI and KBDI had the advantage to detect the stage of drought resulting from short-term shortage of rainfall.