• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.46
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• pp.511-555
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• 2009

Media-related regulations can be classified into two categories; regulations of individual media contents and regulations regarding the entry to and withdrawal from a certain field. In this dissertation, ownership regulations are regarded as legal and political measures so as to prevent the monopoly and oligopoly of public opinion, and to secure its diversity. Every country has its own regulation model according to its particular media environment. Korea too is obliged to actively respond to its environmental changes, at the same time vitalizing the media industry and protecting consumers' rights and interests. Strong political intentions to protect the public interest is necessary when it comes to media regulation policies, especially in the circumstances that public interest is an industrial priority. As the convergence of broadcasting and telecommunications is leading to a major shift in the media industry, the regulation of cross-media ownership is an issue involving potential conflicts among media-owners, non-governmental organizations and the authorities concerned, depending on their various viewpoints regarding the media industry. In this paper, an attempt was made to search necessity of redefining 'public interest', which is the logic behind the restriction of cross-media ownership, and to reconceptualize issues on the centralization and diversity of media. First, an examination of the actual conditions of newspaper companies was carried out in order to reinvestigate domestic cross-media ownership issues, which is represented by the cross-ownership issue of newspapers and broadcasting stations. Next, the dilemma of policies stimulated by the fusion of media was discussed based on cross-media ownership restrictions, and the need for efficient conflict control was suggested. Finally, proposals on the independency and public confidence of media-related policy-making authorities, the rationalization of regulation models, an itemized discussion on cross-media ownership regulation issues, the elaboration of measures for a balanced development among media were made. It could be found that a number of foreign countries were still facing challenges to prevent monopoly and oligopoly of the public opinion and the industry. A solution to settle disagreements about the dilemma of the media industry, including the cross-media ownership regulation issues, must be arranged on the grounds of 'mutual respect of public interest and industrial interest', In Korea, an ease on the ownership regulations adapting to the change in the media industry may be considered, however the softening of the cross-media ownership regulations must be approached with the utmost care. Paradoxically Relieving cross-media ownership regulations may be considered the foundation of a richer field of journalism, where there is no need for concern over the monopoly and oligopoly of public opinion.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.733-743
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• 2020

We estimated the carbon storage of coal mines reclaimed using Betula platyphylla (BP), Pinus koraiensis (PK), and Pinus spp. (PS, Pinus densiflora, Pinus rigida, and Pinus thunbergii). The carbon storage of tree biomass (TB), forest floor(FF), mineral soil (MS), and the total forest were quantified. Reclaimed sites were located in Gangwon-do, Gyeongsangbuk-do, and Jeollanam-do; reclamation was conducted at various times in each region. The carbon storage (ton C ha^-1) in FF (BP: 3.31±0.59, PK: 3.60±0.93, PS: 4.65±0.92), MS (BP: 28.62±2.86, PK: 22.26±5.72, PS: 19.95±3.90), and the total forest(BP: 54.81±7.22, PK: 47.29±8.97, PS: 45.50±6.31) were lower than that of natural forests (NF). The carbon storage in TB was lower in BP (22.57±6.18) compared to NF, while those in PK(21.17±8.76) and PS (20.80±6.40) were higher than in NF. While there were no significant differences in the carbon storage of TB, FF, and the total forest among tree species, results from MS showed a significant difference among species. TB and the total forest carbon storages in all sites increased after reclamation. Soil pH and cation exchange capacity values in BP and PS were lower than in NF. Amounts of labile carbon, available phosphate, and microbial biomass carbon in reclaimed sites were less than half of NF. There are a number of methods that could increase the reclamation efficiency. Applications of lime or organic fertilizers, as well as tillage operations, may improve soil properties in reclaimed coal mines. Additionally, pruning and thinning would increase tree growth thereby increasing carbon storage.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2023.05a
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• pp.437-437
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• 2023

최근 기후변화로 발생되는 폭우, 강풍 등의 기상현상으로 인해 하천범람, 내수침수, 해수범람 등 특히 해안도시지역에서의 물 문제는 날로 심화되고 있다. 이에 정부에서는 저영향개발(Low Impact Development, LID) 사업 및 친환경그린인프라(Green Infrastructure, GI) 기술요소의 적용확대를 추진하고 있다. 이에 환경부에서는 환경기술개발사업의 일환으로 '그린인프라 제도/정책 및 재원관리의 선진화(2021)' 연구용역을 통해 관련 추진체계 구축, 제도 개선방안 등을 모색하였다. 해당 연구에서는 기존의 LID 및 GI 관련 정책·제도 개선, 강우유출수 관리목표 설정방안, 투수/불투수도 제작 지침 마련, 시민인식조사 등을 통해 그린인프라 확대를 위한 과학적 근거 및 통합관리제도를 마련하였다. 이와 더불어 2013년부터 도시지역의 우수유출 저감, 물순환 구조 개선, 비점오염원 관리를 위해 '그린빗물인프라(Green Stormwater Infrastructure, GSI) 조성 사업'을 추진하여 국비지원을 지속하고 있다. 'GSI 조성사업'은 2014년 공공청사 중심에서 학교, 도서관, 체육시설, 공원 등 적용 범위를 확대 하고 있는 추세이나, 수도권지역과 물순환선도도시 조성사업이 진행중인 5개 지역(김해시, 광주시, 안동시, 울산시, 대전시)을 제외한 각 지자체에서는 실효성 있는 추진체계 및 가이드라인 부존 등의 문제로 적용에 어려움을 겪고 있다. 이에 경상남도는 지역적 특성을 반영한 GSI 조성 추진체계 마련을 목표로 본 연구용역을 추진하였으며, GSI 관련 국내외 현황조사, GSI 조성을 위한 공공청사의 우선순위 선정, 지형적(토지피복, 토양형 등), 기상학적 현황을 토대로 한 우선순위 선정, 이를 통합한 경남형 GSI 조성 추진체계를 제시하고자 한다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.1012-1016
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• 2006

최근 오염총량관리제도를 위한 오염부하량의 관리문제가 대두되면서 이를 위한 수질분석의 중요성이 인식되고 있다. 그러나 시간적 변화를 가진 유입유량, 유입부하량 자료의 한계로 인하여 기준유량을 대상으로 하는 정적수질분석의 결과가 환경정책에 반영되고 있는 실정이며, 이는 하천유량의 변동과 강우 시 비점오염부하량을 무시한 지극히 제한된 분석에 국한되어 있다. 따라서 시간적 변화를 가진 동적수질분석의 결과가 정책에 반영되기 위해서는 자료의 확보가 우선이다. 본 연구에서는 월 별, 소유역 별 시계열 자료 확보를 위하여 합리적이고 사용이 용이한 방법을 제시하였다. 유출량의 경우, 기존의 비유량법과는 달리 저류효과를 고려한 토양수분 저류구조 Tank모형을 적용하여 장기간의 유출량을 산정하였고, 유출농도의 경우, 기존 인접유역의 동일 유달계수 적용과는 달리, 월 오염부하총량비와 유역오염부하 전달함수를 이용하여 월 별, 소유역 별, 수질변수 별 유출농도를 산정하였다. 산정된 유출량과 유출농도는 남강댐 상류유역 하천에서 WASP 모형을 가지고 동적수질분석을 하기 위하여 적용되었다. 그 결과 적절한 오염물질 농도곡선을 얻을 수 있었으며, 제안된 가정의 적용 가능성은 충분하였다.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.1-7
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• 2008

Plan and management for Ecological Abandoned Mine Lands (AMLs) reuse using Geographic Information System (GIS) technique are an ideal method. GIS technique display, manage and analyze a spatially referenced data, which can be combined in user-defined ways to make plan and decision about AMLs reuse. Local communities are affected by AMLs. In the past, plan and management of AMLs have never been considered for ecological aspects as well as using GIS. However, the rapidly growing GIS technology have proven to be a valuable tool in the process of understanding environment and of making responsible environmental decisions. This paper suggests that making responsible decision and plan using GIS can create a various types of benefits to local communities. This also shows that GIS may play a vital role at the decision/planning process of analysis and exploration of local environmental situation. We are trying to apply to decision support system for AMLs reuse. Moreover, a lot of thematic maps are making using GIS providing a comprehensive data with images. These can be an ideal platform to deliver meaningful outcomes.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.35 no.5_1
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• pp.751-761
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• 2019

Mt. Baekdu, Mt. Aso, Mt. Sakurajima, Mt. Kikai and etc are distributed around the Korean Peninsula. Recently signs of eruption of Mt. Baekdu are increasing, raising concerns over possible damage to volcanic ash from seasonal winds during the winter eruption. Therefore, detailed procedures for investigation and countermeasures for volcanic ash spread and damage are required. But the standards for the warning and alarm signal of volcanic ash presented by Korea Ministry of Government Legislation are vague, with "when damage is expected" and "when serious damage is expected". In this study, to analyze the damage threshold and to apply the cases of overseas damage to the country, a survey was conducted on the establishment of domestic spatial information by public institutions with public confidence. As a result of the investigation of damage from volcanic ash overseas, the details of the damage cases were different depending on the type of life or income sources of each country. Therefore, instead of applying the volcanic ash damage cases abroad in Korea, spatial information analysis was performed to reflect domestic social and natural characteristics. In addition, we selected the areas to be considered in the event of volcanic ash damage in Korea. Finally, domestic volcanic ash damages should be classified as health, residential, road, railroad, aviation, power, water, agriculture, livestock, forest, and soil. When establishing the volcanic ash alarm optimized for Korea in the future, overseas volcanic ash damage cases and domestic spatial information construction in this study will be helpful in policy establishment.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.75-89
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to examine the hydraulic stability of the vegetation mat method on high water revetment. Recently, the river is managed not only for the flood control also for the environmental friendliness. For improving the environmental function of the river, the ecological river restoration projects are being performed. To ensure the stability of flood control, instead of removal of concrete revetment, the vegetation mat method has been widely used on the recovery soil. However, the recovery soil method often failed to be stable against the flood, which has caused the economic loss. In this study, the rate of soil loss is evaluated by the hydraulic experiments. Also, the velocity distribution on high water revetment is analyzed by both the hydraulic and numerical experiments.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2018.05a
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• pp.52-52
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• 2018

목초지에서 비점오염원 유출특성은 가축밀도(stocking rate)와 방목형태(grazing management practice)에 기인하여 다르게 나타난다. 전통적인 방목형태는 한 대상지역에서 높은 가축밀도의 연속적인 방목(continuous grazing)을 취하는 것인데, 이 경우 토양압밀에 따른 강우의 침투량 감소, 가축의 배설물 축적 등으로 비점오염 유출량이 증가할 수 있으며, 식물의 재성장기간 부족으로 지속적인 방목지 운영이 어려울 수 있다. 순환방목(rotational grazing)은 이러한 연속적 방목 형태의 부정적인 영향을 개선하고자 대안으로 제시되었다. 방법은 구역을 나누고 초본식물의 생육상태를 고려하여 일정기간이 지나면 다른 구역으로 이동 시키며 방목하는 형태이다. 기존의 연구들은 단위 면적당 적정 가축밀도, 필드규모에서 방목형태에 따른 비점오염 유출특성에 초점을 두고 있으며, 결과들은 가축밀도의 영향보다는 방목형태에 의한 수문, 수질 영향이 더 크다고 지적하고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 이러한 가축밀도(Heavy vs Light) 및 방목형태(Continuous vs Rotational)가 유역의 비점오염 유출특성에 미치는 영향을 정량적으로 평가하고자, 미국 북텍사스 지역에 위치한 Clear Creek 유역을 대상으로 4개의 방목시나리오(heavy continuous[HC], light continuous[LC], multi-paddock[MP], no grazing)를 구성하고 Soil and Water Assessment Tool(SWAT) 모형에 적용하였다. SWAT 모형은 대상유역 내 4개의 방목지에서 측정한 토양수분 및 식물 바이오매스 자료, 유역 출구점에서 관측된 장기간의 수문 수질 자료를 이용하여 검증되었다. 연구결과는 순환방목(MP) 시나리오가 수질보호 및 토양침식 방지, 식생의 영양염류 흡수능력이 커지는 것과 같이 생태계서비스 기능의 개선 측면에서 최적의 방목형태(best grazing management)인 것으로 나타났으며, 이러한 결과는 가축밀도 보다는 방목형태에 기인한 것으로 필드와 유역스케일에서 동일한 결과를 보여주었다. 그러나 유역 내 목초지의 차지비율에 따라 순환방목 채택에 따른 비점오염 유출량의 감소효과는 다르게 나타나게 된다.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.59-68
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• 2008

Three phases of development in construction projects (i.e. pre-development, construction and post construction) diversely effect the environment, hydraulics and ecosystem. Currently, the domestic environmental policy is in control of the various environmental hazards produced after completion of development operations. Nevertheless, with the enforcement of water pollution total amount management system, improving the water quality; also the water and ecosystem preservation law recommends enforcing the sediment management for development operations in order to lessen the negative impacts to the environment. Recently, the country is experiencing difficulties in various development project locations due to insufficiency of interpreting the fundamental data for sediment loss and miscalculation of soil loss unit loads of sediment. This research utilizes data from 2000 to 2005 discussing a total of 1,036 environment impact assessment projects gathered from various ministries and offices namely Ministry of Environment (MOE), Ministry of Agriculture, the Office of Forestry, and Ministry of Construction and Transportation. Moreover, quantity of sediment from high land agriculture reports involving contaminant discharge characteristic investigation previously did concerning old land agriculture and So-Yang lake non-point pollution source management area as well as management measured data from MOE. The findings of this study reveal that the highest soil loss rate occurred from mountain district for pre-development and post construction and sports facility during construction.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.161-172
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• 2021

This study was initiated to isolate the microorganisms removing phosphorus (P) from domestic sewage and to investigate the effects of environmental factors on the growth and P removal of the isolated bacteria. Microorganisms isolated from the sewage were identified as Chryseobacterium sp., Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, and Bacillus licheniformis. Among them, Bacillus licheniformis was selected as the P removal microorganism. The environmental factors considered in this study included initial phosphorus concentration, temperature, pH, and carbon source. At initial P concentrations of 10, 20, and 30 mg/L, the P removal efficiencies were 100.0%, 84.0%, and 16.5%, respectively. At 20℃, 30℃, and 40℃, the P removal efficiencies were 0%, 75.8%, and 60.6%, respectively. The removal efficiencies of phosphorus according to pH were 1.6%, 91.7%, and 51.1% at pH 5, pH 7, and pH 9, respectively. Using glucose, acetate, and glucose + acetate as carbon sources yielded P removal efficiencies of 80.9%, 33.6%, and 54.1%, respectively. Therefore, the results from the study demonstrated that the P removal efficiencies of Bacillus licheniformis were the highest when the initial P concentration, temperature, pH, and carbon source were 10 mg/L, 30℃, 7, and glucose, respectively.