• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.166-171
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• 2023

Efficient energy management is a very important factor in sensor networks with limited resources, and cluster techniques have been studied a lot in this respect. However, a problem may occur in which energy use of the cluster header is concentrated, and when the cluster header is not evenly distributed over the entire area but concentrated in a specific area, the transmission distance of the cluster members may be large or very uneven. The transmission distance can be directly related to the problem of energy consumption. Since the energy of a specific node is quickly exhausted, the lifetime of the sensor network is shortened, and the efficiency of the entire sensor network is reduced. Thus, balanced energy consumption of sensor nodes is a very important research task. In this study, factors for balanced energy consumption by cluster headers and sensor nodes are analyzed, and a balancing distribution clustering method in which cluster headers are balanced distributed throughout the sensor network is proposed. The proposed cluster method uses multi-hop routing to reduce energy consumption of sensor nodes due to long-distance transmission. Existing multi-hop cluster studies sets up a multi-hop cluster path through a two-step process of cluster setup and routing path setup, whereas the proposed method establishes a hierarchical cluster routing path in the process of selecting cluster headers to minimize the overhead of control messages.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.87-96
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• 2006

Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is researched in various filed. Underwater Sensor Network (UWSN) is used various purpose such as underwater environment monitoring. But, WSN is researched in the terrestrial that uses mainly radio frequency, The existing terrestrial research is incongruent to apply to underwater. Therefore, we propose UWSN architecture that considers underwater environment. In this paper, UWSN applied cluster technique and functional node constructs. Each cluster collects and sends cluster data. Dual super cluster head receives cluster data and transmits each in the base-station. We implement WSN routing algorithm, and construct test-bed and analyze cluster data receive rate.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.167-176
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• 2009

Traditional cluster-based routing method is a representative method for increasing the energy efficiencies. In these cluster-based routing methods, the selected cluster head collect/aggregate the information and send the aggregated information to the base station. But they have to solve the unnecessary energy dissipation of frequent information exchange between the cluster head and whole member nodes in cluster. In this paper, we minimize the frequency of the information exchange for reducing the unnecessary transmit/receive frequencies as calculate the overlapped area or number of overlapped member nodes between the selected cluster head and previous cluster head in the setup phase. So, we propose the modified cluster selection protocol method that optimizes the energy dissipation in the setup phase and reuses the saved energy in the steady-state phase efficiently that prolongs the whole wireless sensor network lifetime by uniformly selecting the cluster head.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.127-132
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• 2008

Wireless sensor network technologies applicable to various industrial fields are rapidly growing. Because it is difficult to change a battery for the once distributed wireless sensor network, energy efficient design is very critical. In order to achieve this purpose in network design, a number of studies have been examining the energy efficient routing protocol. The sensor network consumes energy in proportion to the distance of data transmission and the data to send. Cluster-based routing Protocols such as LEACH-C achieve energy efficiency through minimizing the distance of data transmission. In LEACH-C, however, the total distance between the nodes consisting the clusters are considered important in constructing clustering. This paper examines the cluster-head-selection-algorithm that reflect the distance between the base station and the cluster-head having a big influence on energy consumption. The Proposed method in this paper brought the result that the performance improved average $4{\sim}7%$ when LEACH-C and the base station are located beyond a certain distance. This result showed that the distance between cluster-head and the base station had a substantial influence on lifetime performance in the cluster-based routing protocol.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.1195-1198
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• 2005

Radio Frequency Identification(RFID)를 이용한 물류 시스템은 바코드를 대체할 시스템으로 주목받고 있다. 이러한 RFID 를 이용한 물류 시스템이 실제로 적용하는 데에는 매우 큰 설치 비용이 문제로 제기된다. 이를 해결하기 위해 무선으로 연결되는 이동형 RFID 리더를 이용한다. 한편 동기화 모드 및 비동기화 모드로 전송되는 RFID 데이터의 특성과 기존의 라우팅 기법의 브로드캐스트에 따른 오버헤드를 줄이기 위해 재구성 가능한 클러스터 기반의 라우팅 기법이 적합하다. 따라서 RFID 창고 관리 시스템을 위한 재구성 가능한 클러스터 기반의 라우팅 기법을 제안한다.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.19 no.8
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• pp.138-143
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• 2005

A hierarchical tree structure of clusters has advantages for the network design due to its scalability and simple routing protocol. In this paper, the cluster tree routing protocol is studied for the wireless sensor network. From the numerical analysis results, the data aggregation in the intermediate nodes reduces the number of communication message and saves the energy of sensor nodes, but it may result in increased data traffic latency. And also the selection of cluster head can increase the relaying hops very high.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.1208-1214
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• 2009

Sensor networks are vulnerable to data congestion and hot-spot compared with wireless networks. Mobile sink supporting route protocol has such problems as hot-spot and data congestion because agent of cluster node transmits all data packet. Therefore, mobile sink supporting route protocol needs to reduce the number of packets and keep the packets from concentrating on a single node. To solve these problems, we propose mobile sink supporting routing Protocol using agent of cluster node. Cutting down on the number of packets compared with the existing mobile sink supporting routing Protocol, our proposed protocol has reduced both communication overhead and energy consumption.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2007.10d
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• pp.244-248
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• 2007

센서 네트워크에서 에너지 소비는 전송거리와 보내고자 하는 데이터에 비례한다. LEACH-C와 같은 클러스터 기반 라우팅 기법들은 센서 노드들의 클러스터링을 통하여 데이터 전달 거리를 최소화시킴으로서 에너지의 효율성을 얻는다. 하지만 LEACH-C에서는 클러스터링을 구성할 때 클러스터 구성 노드들의 거리의 총합만을 고려한다. 본 논문에서는 에너지 사용에 큰 영향을 미치는 기지국과 클러스터 헤드간의 거리를 고려한 클러스터 헤드 선택 알고리즘을 제안한다. 제안 방법은 LEACH-C에 비해 기지국의 위치가 일정 거리 이상 떨어져 있을 경우 성능 향상 결과를 제공하였다. 이 결과는 클러스터 기반 라우팅 알고리즘에서 클러스터 헤드와 기지국간의 거리를 고려하는 것이 에너지 효율적인 측면에 영향을 미칠 수 있음을 보여 주었다.

• KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
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• v.3 no.5
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• pp.155-162
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• 2014

We proposed a 2 level tree based cluster based routing protocol for mobile ad hoc networks. it is our crucial goal to establish improved clustering's structure in order to extend average node life-time and elevate the average packet delivery ratio. Because of insufficient wireless resources and energy, the method to form and manage clusters is useful for increasing network stability. but cluster-head fulfills roles as a host and a router in clustering protocol of Ad hoc networks environment. Therefore energy exhaustion of cluster-head causes communication interruption phenomenon. Effective management of cluster-head is key-point which determines the entire network performance. The scheme focuses on improving the performance the life time of the network and throughput through the management of cluster-heads and its neighbor nodes. In simulation, we demonstrated that it would obtain averagely better 17% performance than LS2RP.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.616-618
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• 2003

최근 급속하게 성장하고 있는 무선 이동 통신 분야중의 한 분야가 Ad hoc 네트워크 분야일 것이다. Ad hoc 네트워크는 기존의 고정된 네트워크의 한계를 뛰어 넘는 네트워크이다. 본 연구에서는 Ad hoc 네트워크의 클러스터 기반의 라우팅 프로토콜에서의 인증에 대한 프로토콜을 멀티 계층으로 설계하였다. CBRP(Cluster Based Routing Protocol)의 라우팅 프로토콜에서는 클러스터간의 인증을 위하여 CH(Cluster Head)간의 인증을 통하여 인증을 하게 된다. CH간의 신뢰성을 위하여 MCH(Main Cluster Head)를 두어 CH간의 신뢰성을 보장함으로써 상호 클러스터간의 인증을 위한 프로토콜을 설계하였다.