• Journal of the Korea Computer Graphics Society
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.1-8
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• 2012

High dynamic range (HDR) images represent a far wider numerical range of exposures than common digital images. Thus it can accurately store intensity levels of light found in the specific scenes generated by light sources in the real world. Although a kind of professional HDR cameras which support fast accurate capturing has been developed, high costs prevent from employing those in general working environments. The common method to produce a HDR image with lower cost is to take a set of photos of the target scene with a range of exposures by general purpose cameras, and then to transform them into a HDR image by commercial softwares. However, the method needs complicate and accurate camera calibration processes. Furthermore, creating HDR environment maps which are used to produce high quality imaging contents includes delicate time-consuming manual processes. In this paper, we present an automatic HDR panorama environment map generating system which was constructed to make the complicated jobs of taking pictures easier. And we show that our system can be effectively applicable to photo-realistic compositing tasks which combine 3D graphic models with a 2D background scene using image-based lighting techniques.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.57-70
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• 2009

A CAD design drawing based on vector data that is very important art work in industrial fields has been considered to content that the copyright protection is urgently needed. This paper presents a watermarking scheme based on k-means++ for CAD design drawing. One CAD design drawing consists of several layers and each layer consists of various geometric objects such as LINE, POLYLINE, CIRCLE, ARC, 3DFACE and POLYGON. POLYLINE with LINE, 3DFACE and ARC that are fundamental objects make up the majority in CAD design drawing. Therefore, the proposed scheme selects the target object with high distribution among POLYLINE, 3DFACE and ARC objects in CAD design drawing and then selects layers that include the most target object. Then we cluster the target objects in the selected layers by using k-means++ and embed the watermark into the geometric distribution of each group. The geometric distribution is the normalized length distribution in POLYLINE object, the normalized area distribution in 3DFACE object and the angle distribution in ARC object. Experimental results verified that the proposed scheme has the robustness against file format converting, layer attack as well as various geometric editing provided in CAD editing tools.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.51 no.11
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• pp.127-133
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• 2014

In order to protect information asset from various malicious code, Honeypot system is implemented. Honeypot system is designed to elicit attacks so that internal system is not attacked or it is designed to collect malicious code information. However, existing honeypot system is designed for the purpose of collecting information, so it is designed to induce inflows of attackers positively by establishing disguised server or disguised client server and by providing disguised contents. In case of establishing disguised server, it should reinstall hardware in a cycle of one year because of frequent disk input and output. In case of establishing disguised client server, it has operating problem such as procuring professional labor force because it has a limit to automize the analysis of acquired information. To solve and supplement operating problem and previous problem of honeypot's hardware, this thesis suggested hybrid honeypot. Suggested hybrid honeypot has honeywall, analyzed server and combined console and it processes by categorizing attacking types into two types. It is designed that disguise (inducement) and false response (emulation) are connected to common switch area to operate high level interaction server, which is type 1 and low level interaction server, which is type 2. This hybrid honeypot operates low level honeypot and high level honeypot. Analysis server converts hacking types into hash value and separates it into correlation analysis algorithm and sends it to honeywall. Integrated monitoring console implements continuous monitoring, so it is expected that not only analyzing information about recent hacking method and attacking tool but also it provides effects of anticipative security response.

• Telecommunications review
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.677-691
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• 2014

Connectivity is becoming more important keywords recently. For example, many devices are going to be connected to the internet. It is usually called as the IoT(internet of things). Many IoT devices can be evolved as a part of giant system of the world wide web. It is a great opportunity for us, because many new services can have emerged through this paradigm. In this paper, we propose a device virtualization framework for smart home service. The proposed framework connects the many home appliances devices and the internet using a dynamic protocol conversion. After our protocol conversion for device virtualization, our framework provides a RESTful API to access the resources of device through the internet. Therefore, the proposed framework can provide a variety of services, so it also can be developed into the ecosystem for smart home service. The current framework version only supports UPnP enabled devices of the home, but it can easily be extended to many other home middleware solutions. To verify the feasibility of the framework, we have implemented several service scenarios.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.680-691
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• 2021

Due to the recent developments of attaining 3D contents by using devices such as 3D scanners, the diversity of the contents being used in AR(Augmented Reality)/VR(Virutal Reality) fields is significantly increasing. There are several ways to represent 3D data, and using point clouds is one of them. A point cloud is a cluster of points, having the advantage of being able to attain actual 3D data with high precision. However, in order to express 3D contents, much more data is required compared to that of 2D images. The size of data needed to represent dynamic 3D point cloud objects that consists of multiple frames is especially big, and that is why an efficient compression technology for this kind of data must be developed. In this paper, a motion estimation and compensation method for dynamic point cloud objects using 3D DCT is proposed. This will lead to switching the 3D video frames into I frames and P frames, which ensures higher compression ratio. Then, we confirm the compression efficiency of the proposed technology by comparing it with the anchor technology, an Intra-frame based compression method, and 2D-DCT based V-PCC.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.21-33
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• 2022

Recently, the recommender system has been widely used in various fields such as movies, music, online shopping, and social media, and in the meantime, the recommender model has been developed from correlation analysis through the Apriori model, which can be said to be the first-generation model in the recommender system field. In 2005, many models have been proposed, including deep learning-based models, which are receiving a lot of attention within the recommender model. The recommender model can be classified into a collaborative filtering method, a content-based method, and a hybrid method that uses these two methods integrally. However, these basic methods are gradually losing their status as methodologies in the field as they fail to adapt to internal and external changing factors such as the rapidly changing user-item interaction and the development of big data. On the other hand, the importance of deep learning methodologies in recommender systems is increasing because of its advantages such as nonlinear transformation, representation learning, sequence modeling, and flexibility. In this paper, among deep learning methodologies, RNN, CNN, and GAN-based models suitable for sequential modeling that can accurately and flexibly analyze user-item interactions are classified, compared, and analyzed.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.731-736
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• 2023

Recently, the medical field has been applying mandatory Electronic Medical Records (EMRs) and Electronic Health Records (EHRs) systems that computerize and manage medical records, and distributing them throughout the entire medical industry to utilize patients' past medical records for additional medical procedures. However, the conversations between medical professionals and patients that occur during general medical consultations and counseling sessions are not separately recorded or stored, so additional important patient information cannot be efficiently utilized. Therefore, we propose an electronic medical record system that uses speech recognition and natural language processing deep learning to store conversations between medical professionals and patients in text form, automatically extracts and summarizes important medical consultation information, and generates electronic medical records. The system acquires text information through the recognition process of medical professionals and patients' medical consultation content. The acquired text is then divided into multiple sentences, and the importance of multiple keywords included in the generated sentences is calculated. Based on the calculated importance, the system ranks multiple sentences and summarizes them to create the final electronic medical record data. The proposed system's performance is verified to be excellent through quantitative analysis.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.35-49
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• 2024

Video captioning technology, as a significant outcome of the integration between computer vision and natural language processing, has emerged as a key research direction in the field of artificial intelligence. This technology aims to achieve automatic understanding and language expression of video content, enabling computers to transform visual information in videos into textual form. This paper provides an initial analysis of the research trends in deep learning-based video captioning and categorizes them into four main groups: CNN-RNN-based Model, RNN-RNN-based Model, Multimodal-based Model, and Transformer-based Model, and explain the concept of each video captioning model. The features, pros and cons were discussed. This paper lists commonly used datasets and performance evaluation methods in the video captioning field. The dataset encompasses diverse domains and scenarios, offering extensive resources for the training and validation of video captioning models. The model performance evaluation method mentions major evaluation indicators and provides practical references for researchers to evaluate model performance from various angles. Finally, as future research tasks for video captioning, there are major challenges that need to be continuously improved, such as maintaining temporal consistency and accurate description of dynamic scenes, which increase the complexity in real-world applications, and new tasks that need to be studied are presented such as temporal relationship modeling and multimodal data integration.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.9 no.12
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• pp.683-690
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the usefulness of high-b-values diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging for the preoperative detection of focal rectum cancers. 60patients with diffusion weighted imaging were evaluated for the presence of rectal cancers. Forty were male and twenty were female, and their ages ranged from 38 to 71 (mean, 56) years. Used equipment was 1.5Tesla MRI((GE, General Electric Medical System, Excite HD). Examination protocols were used the fast spin echo T2, T1 weighted imaging. All examination protocols were performed by the same location with diffusion weighted imaging for accuracy detection. The b-values used in DWI were 250, 500, 750, 1000. 1500, 2000$(s/mm^2)$. The rectum, bladder to tumor contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) of MR images were quantitativlely analyzed using GE software Functool tool, four experienced radiologists and three radiotechnologists qualitatively evaluated image quality in terms of image artifacts, lesion conspicuity and rectal wall. These data were analysed by using ANOVA and Freedman test with each b-value(p<0.05). Contrast to noise ratio of rectum, bladder and tumor in b-value 1000 were 27.21, 24.44, respectively(p<0.05) and aADC value was $0.73\times10^{-3}$. As a qualitative analysis, the conspicuity and discrimination from the rectal wall of lesions were high results as $4.0\pm0.14$, $4.4\pm0.16$ on b-value 1000(p<0.05), image artifacts were high results as $4.8\pm0.25$ on b-value 2000(p<0.05). In conclusion, DWI was provided useful information with depicting the pre-operative detection of rectal cancers, High-b-value 1000 image was the most excellent DWI value.

• (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
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• no.68
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• pp.509-538
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• 2017

After 20thcentury, digital game has placed very important aspect in modern culture and industries. Thus, digital game industries have utilized ancient stories for themes and ideas. This trial is not only spotted in industrial sectors but also in liberal arts. This paper has a purpose to look at factors that can convert components from classic novels into digital games. Especially, it will focus on how researchers of classical literature can affect in different industrial sectors. Current analysis shows that stories, fantasies, items of classic novel can essentially help to create new games. However, a game consists of just more than the previous stated components; it requires rules, outcome, conflicts and voluntary to make the games much more interesting. It is often misunderstood that plot and fantasies in games may be the most significant aspects but they are actually not. Classic novel can help to make the rule of the four standards in creating a fun game. Here are rules that Taewonji suggests. First, gamers need to save the bleak world from a turbulent age. Second, The will of the absolute has the ultimate power, so those who have achieved god's will can raise a new country. Thirdly, the sinocentrism and the outskirts of the country are not imperative but they are adjustable notions. The first and second aspects are commonly found in Samkukjiyeonui. Hence, the pattern is very familiar. The most significant rule is the third determinant since the idea purely came from Taewonji. The main character Im Seong from the story was the center of his home country, but he later becomes the outskirt or the barbarian of the new country. Therefore, the players should maintain the three rules when they are following the plot and using different items in the digital game world. The researchers of classic literature should find rules that are suitable for the game from the classic novels. This way, there is no need to discover a separate field for digital games out of classical literature.