• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.88-95
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• 2003

Five amide alkaloids were isolated from the fruits of Piper nigrum. The structures were determined as : pellitorin (I), quineensine (II), pipercide (III), retrofractamide A (IV), and piperine (V) respectively on the basis of spectrosopic data.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.681-685
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• 2008

Chiral separation of racemic mandelic acid was achieved on a Kromasil KR100-5CHI-TBB column. Some chromatographic parameters (resolution, number of theoretical plates, capacity factor) are calculated under different separation conditions such as changes of mobile phase compositions (hexane/t-BME = 85/15 - 10/90) as well as formic acid concentrations for adjusting pH (0.1, 0.5, 1.0 v/v%). Flow rate versus number of theoretical plates was compared to evaluate column efficiency. To determine the adsorption isotherms, PIM (Pulse Input Method) was carried out. At the concentrations of racemic mandelic acid between 0.1 and 0.3 mg/ml, L- and D-mandelic acids have the same retention times of 8.8 and 9.4 min respectively. Mandelic acid isotherms show a linear form under the concentrations of 0.3 mg/ml with eluent (hexane/t-BME = 75/25). As the concentrations of mandelic acids increase, nonlinear Langmuir isotherms were observed as $C_{S,L}=3.358C_{M,L}/(1+0.0897C_{M,L})$ for L-mandelic acid and, $C_{S,D}=3.692C_{M,D}/(1+0.1457C_{M,D})$ for D-mandelic acid.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.283-289
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• 1998

A bacterial strain KH-95 producing a high concentration of red pigment was isolated from the soil. The strain KH-95 was identified as a strain of Serratia sp. based on morphological and physiological characteristics. The optimal temperature and initial pH range for the production of pigment were 28$^{\circ}C$ and 7.0-8.0, respectively. The red pigment was purified through solvent extraction and silica gel column chromatography. Analyzing the structure of this pigment by instrumental analysis, it was identified as prodigiosin-like compound. In optimization of carbon and nitrogen sources, all carbon sources tested in this work inhibited the production of pigment except oils. Casein fumed out to be the most suitable nitrogen source for pigment production. Other nitrogen sources such as yeast extract, beef extract and peptone showed good cell growth but potently inhibited the production of pigment.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.137-141
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• 2002

Levan oligosaccoharides and low molecular weight levin were produced from levin by acid hydrolysis and following column chromatography. Levan hydrolysis was progressed proportionally as increased incubation time. In terms of levan hydrolysis reaction, no differences were found from the sources of levan. Optimum hydrolysis conditions for the formation of levan oligosaccharides were, 0.38 M H$_2$S0$_4$; and incubation at 95$\^{C}$ for 4 min. The purified products were determined as the mixture of oligosaccharides (degree of polymerization (DP) of 3-6), Two of lactic acid-producing bacteria, Lactobacillus plantarum KCTC 3104 and Pediococcus pentosaceus KCTC 3507, were studied in vitro for their ability to metabolize levin oligosaccharides. Apparently, the growth of both cells were increased by levin oligosaccharide diet, compared with those of levan diets, suggesting that levan oligosaccharides may be beneficial in selectively growth of lactic acid-producing bacteria.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.84-90
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• 1992

Peroxidase in the fruit of Malus sieboldii (Regel) Rehder was partially purified by DEAE-cellulose column chromatography and Ultro-AcA 54 gel filtration. The optimum pH of peroxidase was 4.5 and optimum temperature was $80^{\circ}C$. The enzyme was stable at pH 5.0 and below $30^{\circ}C$, and inactivated by heat treatment at $80^{\circ}C$ for 15min. In the presence of 30mM $H_{2}O_2$ Km value on o-phenylenediamine as substrate was 1.65mM, and in the presence of 10mM o-phenylenediamine Km value on $H_{2}O_2$ was 7.97mM. L-Ascorbic acid and sodium L-ascorbate greatly inhibited the enzyme activity and among several metal ions $Mn^{2+}$ only increased the activity at 5mM.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.243-246
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• 2005

Alismatis Rhizoma is an oriental medicine originated from the rhizome of Alisma orientale or Alisma plangtago-aquatica var. orientale (Alismataceae). As an standard compound of this plant, alisol B 23-acetate was isolated from the dichloromethane fraction of Alisma orientale and identified by the spectroscopic evidences. A Quantitative analysis of alisol B 23-acetate using HPLC method showed that the average content was 0.47$\pm$0.11% in 33 samples throughout the various regions of Korea.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.250-256
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• 2003

Lactic acid bacteria with amylolytic and acid producing activities can ferment starch directly to lactic acid thereby producing a monomer for the production of biodegradable poly lactic acid (PLA). In this study, the strain producing L-lactic acid from soluble starch was isolated from Nuruk. The isolated strain was identified as Enterococcus sp. through its morphological, cultural, biochemical characteristics as well as the 16S rDNA sequence analysis, and named Enterococcus sp. JA-27. Enterococcus sp. JA-27 produced exclusively L-lactic acid from soluble starch as a carbon source. The optimal conditions for the maximum production of L-lactic acid from Enterococcus sp. JA-27 were 30 C, pH 8, 1.5 % soluble starch as a substrate and 3.5 % tryptone as a nitrogen source, 0.1 % $K_2$$HPO_4$, 0.04 % $MgSO_4$. $7H_2$O, 0.014 % $MnSO_4$$.$4$H_2O$, 0.004% $FeSO_4$$.$$7H_2$O. Batch and fed batch culture were carried out and the former was more effective. L-Lactic acid production in the optimum medium was significantly increased in a 7 L jar fermenter, where the maximum L-lactic acid concentration was 3 g/L. For the purification of lactic acid in fermented broth, two stage ionexchange column chromatographies were employed and finally identified by HPLC.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.263-268
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• 2009

The acaricidal activities of Illicium verum fruit-derived materials against adults of Dermanyssus gallinae were examined using the direct contact application method. Based on laboratory tests, an acaricidal constituent of I. verum fruit was determined because of its potent activity. Results were compared with those of the currently used acaricides such as dichlorvos, diazinon, and carbaryl. The acaricidal principle of I. verum fruit was identified as (E)-anethole using a GC-MS. lts acaricidal activity was compared with those of 12 compounds having a similar chemical moiety. Based on the $LD_{50}$ values, the acaricidal activities of (+)-or-(-)-neomenthol were the strongest (0.01 $mg/cm^2$) and (E)-anethole, (+)-or-(-)-menthol, (${\pm}$)-isoborneol, (-)-menthone, and (lS)-endo-(-)-bomeol showed similar results (0.02 $mg/cm^2$), and (1R)-(+)-camphor and (+)-menthone also gave good activities (0.03 and 0.04 $mg/cm^2$, respectively). These compounds showed more toxic acaricidal activities than diazinon and carbaryl, 0.05 and > 0.2 $mg/cm^2$, respectively, but were not comparable to that of dichlorvos with 0.0002 $mg/cm^2$. These results indicate that the I. verum fruit-derived materials and tested compounds descried as poultry red mites-control agents could be useful for managing field populations of D. gallinae.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.53-60
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• 2017

In this study, we investigated whitening and anti-inflammatory constituents from a watermelon (Citrullus lanatus, C. lanatus) vines (leaves and stems). As anti-melanogenesis and anti-inflammatory activities were screened for the ethanol extract and solvent fractions, n-hexane (n-Hex) and ethyl acetate (EtOAc) fractions showed the most potent activities. Three constituents were isolated from the n-Hex and EtOAc fractions of C. lanatus; ${\alpha}-linolenic$ acid (1), sigmast-7-en-O-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranoside (2), 1-feruloyl-${\beta}$-D-glucopyrinoside (3). The chemical structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated based on the spectroscopic data including $^1H$ and $^{13}C$ NMR spectra, as well as comparison of the data to the literature values. Whitening and anti-inflammatory effects were studied for the isolated compounds. Upon the anti-melanogenesis tests using ${\alpha}-MSH$ stimulated B16F10 melanoma cells, the compounds 1 and 3 inhibited the cellular melanogenesis and intracellular tyrosinase activities effectively. For the anti-inflammation tests using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 cells, the isolates 1 and 3 were determined to decrease the production of nitric oxide (NO) and pro-inflammatory cytokines ($TNF-{\alpha}$, IL-6). Based on these results, C. lanatus vines extract could be potentially applicable as whitening and anti-inflammatory ingredients in cosmetic formulations.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.625-635
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• 1990

The purpose of this study was focused on investigation of biochemical properties of amylases in germinating corn(Zea mays L.) the amylase(I), (II) and (III) from germinating corn seeds were partially purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation, DEAE-Sephadex A-50 ion exchange column chromatography and Sephadex G-100 gel filtration. The last step was effective for separation of the corn amylases to a homogeneous slate. the purified amylase(I) was identified as a kind of $\alpha$-amylase from the fact that 5％ starch solution was hydrolysed into mainly maltose and maltotetrose by it, and amylase(II) and amylase(III) were enzymes producing maltotetrose as main product. The molecular weight and specific activity of the amylase(I), (II) and (III) were determined to be 54,000 and 70.47 unit/mg, 39,000 and 62.98 unit/mg, and 51,000 and 80.39 unit/mg, respectively. It showed a tendency to increase the amylases activities in presence of Ba, Ca, Co and Fe groups, but inhibits in that of Ag, Sn, Hg and Zn groups, and amylase(I), (II) and (III) remained stable at pH 5-6 and 2$0^{\circ}C$ for 40 days in containing of 1 mM CaCl$_2$. The optimum pH and optimum temperatures were pH 6, pH 5 and pH 6 and 35$^{\circ}C$, 55$^{\circ}C$ and 55$^{\circ}C$, respectively. These results suggest that the amylase(I), (II) and (III) were different amylases.