• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.127-132
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• 2005

Beginning the use of medical order with color contact lens, recently the color contact lens wearer increases for cosmetic order in the world. The marufacture of color contact lenses was the pigment application method, the pigment inlay method, the sandwich method, the vinding method, and so on. Now in domestic, the main use of manufacture has been the binding method. In the point of the use and manufacture of the color contact lenses, the classification of color contact lenses was the tinted and the cosmetic types. However the generally coloring of color contact lenses was the stain-method and the staining was marufactured by the thin film methods.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.119-126
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was analyzed to compare on the physical characters of two companies of color contact lenses. Artificial tear solution was used for measuring the rate of protein deposits and wettability. The surface roughness of lenses was measured by SEM(scanning electron microscope, Japan) and AFM(atomic force microscope, MultimodeTM, USA). As a results, The color contact lenses was not different from general soft contact lenses in a respect of other properties. However, the colored contact lenses showed a severe crack on the surface under SEM observation. There was no irregularity on the surface of the colored contact lenses in AFM photograph. The dyes were deposited in inside of lenses by microscope observation.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.295-303
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• 2014

Purpose: This study aims to observe bleaching resulted from multipurpose contact lens solutions used to manage lenses with the subjects of colored contact lenses being distributed in Korea. Methods: The lenses have been worn for six months, and their refraction is 0.00D. Three types of colored contact lenses of which margin has been colored with a different manufacturing method have been adopted (type 1: pigment application method, type 2: chemical bonding process, type 3: sandwich method), and multipurpose solutions used were two types containing different components. Each of the colored contact lenses was stored in the multipurpose solutions for 20 days and went through vortexing for 15 seconds per day. Their fluorescence absorbance, surface roughness, brightness index, and color coordinate index were measured before and after the vortexing to see the degree of bleaching. Results: In the two types of multipurpose solutions, every type of the color contact lenses showed no statistically significant difference in their fluorescence absorbance value before and after the vortexing. Regarding surface image, the front surface of the lenses was smooth in every type, and about the back surface, type 3 indicated less protrusion than type 1 and 2. About the difference of color on the lens surface before and after the vortexing, type 3 showed significantly less difference than type 1 and 2; however, all fell into the permissible error. Conclusions: About the bleaching of colored contact lenses resulted from multipurpose solutions for soft contact lenses, there was no difference observed in terms of fluorescence absorbance and color. According to the methods of manufacturing dyes, however, there was difference in the protrusion of the posterior surface image.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.15-26
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• 2009

Purpose: To compare and analyze the ocular changes after wearing conventional and 2-weeks cosmetic tinted contact lens, which were made of different material and fabrication method. Methods: Thirty five university students, age of twenties, participated in this study. With daily wearing schedule, they had worn temporary cosmetic tinted lens for 2 weeks and conventional tinted lens for two month in their right and left eye, respectively. Subjective symptoms and objective signs were graded by using CCLRU scales and corneal thickness were measured after 1 day and 2 months wearing, and under or over 5 hours wearing in a day, respectively. Results: Major subjective symptoms found in the student wearing cosmetic tinted contact lens for a 1 day and 2 months were dryness, redness, foreign body sensation and itchiness. It was also found that those symptoms were more severe in left eye (conventional cosmetic tinted contact lens) than right eye (2-weeks cosmetic tinted contact lens). However, symptoms of redness in both eyes showed statistically significant difference in the case of 1 day and 2 months wearing and under or over 5 hours wearing in a day (p=0.000). After 2 months wearing, left eye with conventional cosmetic tinted contact lens showed limbal redness (p=0.000) and bulbar conjunctival redness (p=0.012) with statistically significance, whereas there was no significant difference in both eyes before lens wear. Left eye showed statistically significant changes in all objective signs, but right eye showed palpebral conjunctival redness, corneal staining and conjunctival staining. Therefore, it was concluded that conventional cosmetic tinted contact lens may be more effective on ocular changes after wearing of lens. A statistically significant changes in both eyes after wearing lens were found that corneal thickness increased about $5{\mu}m$ (p=0.001) in right eye whereas $7{\mu}m$ (p=0.004) in left eye. Conclusions: A statistically significant number of participants in this study preferred to wearing of high Dk/t temporary cosmetic tinted contact lens made by sandwich method which resulted in less ocular changes and may give more healthy and safe ocular conditions.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.53 no.6
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• pp.749-754
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• 2009

HEMA (2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) is a hydrophilic material which is broadly used for ophthalmologic purposes and especially in the manufacture of soft contact lenses. Also, the oxygen transmissibility (Dk/t) is a very important physical characteristic in the evaluation of a material’s adequacy to be used to produce contact lenses. This study used HEMA (2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate), MMA (methylmethacrylate), NVP (Nvinyl-pyrrolidone), the cross-linker EGDMA (ethylene glycol dimethacrylate) for copolymerization, and measured the oxygen transmissibility of the central and peripheral areas of the manufactured general and color contact lenses using the polarographic method. The measurement showed that the decreased amount of oxygen transmissibility of the central and peripheral areas of the contact lenses measured using the polarographic method range between 40.77% and 49.13%, and the oxygen transmissibility of the color contact lens showed a larger decrease due to the effects of the coloring materials.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.373-378
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• 2014

To investigate the wear status of contact lenses by analyzing care of contact lenses container and actual condition of people wearing contact lenses and in Gyeonggido. The results were based on a questionnaire survey of 200 people who are the students of the middle school, the high school and the college among the clients of opticians to purchase contact lenses for six months from January 2013 to July 2013. According to the poll, the highest number of those polled, 139 (55.16%) people, said they were wearing cosmetic color contact lenses. Female respondents and male respondents were in the proportion of 177 (88.5%) to 23 (11.5%), respectively. 37 people (18.5%) who responded said "yes" to the question of them sharing contact lenses and glasses. 103 people (51.5%) answered "no" to the question of regularly replacing their lens containers. 148 people (74%) answered "yes" to the question of having glasses in order to investigate contact lens wearers user rate of glasses. The highest number of respondents, 127 people (63.5%), said "middle school" was the first time that they wore contacts. Meanwhile, 65 people (43.92%) said they initiated wearing glasses at 4th-6th grades. It is considered that it is necessary using proper contact lenses suitable for the clients' eye health in order of vision correction, rather than for cosmetic purposes. The role of the optician is considered to be very important for the proper management of the appropriate contact lens hygiene and regular optical check-ups of the contact lens wearers.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.79-87
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• 2002

To analyze the current status of contact-lens in domestic, we analyzed the data of "The Spectacles-wearing Rate Analysis in 1999 (Korea Gallup Research)", "Industry current status(Korea Medical Instruments Industrial cooperative}", "Export & Import current status (Korea Customs Service)", and finally reached the following conclusions. 1. The number of contact-lens wearers in domestic could be assumed 2.13 millions. 2. The size of contact lens market in domestic(on year 2000 basis) was about 25.3 billion Korean wons(\) in total ; 10.8 billion Korean wons on the basis of production unit price (Domestic Gross Production Amount-Export Amount : used the subtraction in math), 14.5 billion Korean wons on Import unit price basis. 3. According to the year 2001 data, the import amount of contact lens is 1.7 times greater than export amount of that. 4. The contact lens export status in year 2001 was Japan, Singapore, Taiwan, U.S.A, China, Hong Kong, Malaysia, Thai, - in order. Especially, the contact lens export of China has increased gradually every year since 1998, the first export year of contact lens. 5. The import status of contact lens was U.S.A, Japan, England, Indonesia, Argentina, Taiwan, Hong Kong, - in order. In addition, the consumption trend of contact lens consumers in domestic reflects that famous foreign contact lens brands were much preferred than lower price contact lens imported from several developing countries.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.107-116
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• 2000

This study is of investigation of refraction error, spectacles and contact lenses wearing state, visual acuity test, ophthalmologic common sense and vision care, using questionnaire study for 850 male and female high school students in Kunsan and Chongup City, Cheolla North Province. The results are as follows: 1. Among the 823 answerers, emmetropia is 18%, myopia is 55.1%, and hyperopia is 7%, respectively. 2. Among the 837 answerers, 381 students(45.5%) wear spectacles or contact lenses. Among the 381 students who wear spectacles or contact lenses, 78% wear only spectacles, 4% wear only contact lenses and 18% wears spectacles sometimes or contact lenses sometimes. 3. The places where the answerers had visual acuity test to wear spectacles or contact lenses are optical shop(64.7%), hospital(28.3%), unchecked(4.2%) and the others(2.7%). The places where the answerers had visual acuity test to change their spectacles or contact lenses are optical shop(82%), hospital(28.3%), unchecked(6.6%) and the others(1.9%). 4. As for the period of visual acuity test, from 6 months to one year is 54.1%, within 6 months is 9.2%, from one year to two years is 29.5%, and more than two years is 7.2%. 5. The contact lens wearers purchased their contact lenses at optical shops(94%) and at hospital(6%). 6. The reasons why they like wearing contact lenses are their appearance(51.2%), convenience in physical excercise(23.l%), lighter weight than spectacles(9.8%) and the others(15.7%). 7. As for the spectacles frame they like, plastic frame is 24.4%, gold or silver plated frame is 43.4%, coloured frame is 32.1%. 8. As for the considerations in choosing spectacles frame, their design is 37%, their quality is 36%, their price is 14.7% and their brand is 12.5%. 9. As for the period for changing spectacles, 10.5% is within 6 months, 57.3% is 6months to 1 year, 22.4% is 1 year to 2 months and 9.6% is more than 2 years. 10. There is a false fact, in Korea, that even though one has his poor eyesight, not wearing custom is helpful for the eyesight recovery. As for their conviction of the false fact, 10.5% of the answerers have 100% conviction, 22.5% of them have 22.5% conviction, 49.5% of them have 50% conviction and 17.5% of them don't have any conviction. 11. 48.5% of the answerers are interested in their vision care while 51.5% of them are not interested at all. As for the way of vision care, the vision-care way to keep enough distant when they are watching TV, when they are using computers and when they are reading, is 49% while the vision-care way such as hypogastric breathing or eye massage is 11%. And alimentotherapy is 4% and the rest who are not interested in vision care is 36%. 12. When they come to an age, the students who want vision correction operation are 45.9% while the students who do not want it are 27%. The students who do not have any idea about the operation are 27.1%

• Journal of the Korea society of information convergence
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.77-83
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• 2012

This study was cosmetic contact lens wear for up to 2 weeks in for the evaluation of the insertion. In 1 week during weeks 1 and 2 has been rated 'positive' or 'insert' easy insertion and removal of lenses in the mirror when I saw the 'red eye' negative 'rating in 18 patients (45 %), in 2 shown in 14 patients (35%) as a 'negative' rating over time, depending on the awareness hyperemia has been reduced could see. Future lens purchases from doctors' Week 1 at the 2nd week, came as a result of the positive> negative evaluation was positive = negative. Rating, but usually more than 1 week, 2 weeks, 26 patients (65%) showed no change. State upon insertion of sight, wearing period increased dryness and showed a more positive assessment, the Comfort showed similar ratings. Somewhat negative assessment upon removal of vision status, comfort, dryness, day-to-day life at present, but in both state vision, comfort, dryness positive assessment appears worn than when a positive evaluation appears was unknown.