• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.17-25
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• 2017

Relocation and expansion of existing port facilities are necessary given this increase in marine traffic volume and the presence of larger entering vessels. Therefore, this study focused on anchorage among water facilities, and examined the degree of harmony between anchorage and other water facilities at Yeosu Kwangyang Port. The number of anchoring vessels in relation to anchorage over the past 5 years, total anchored hours by anchorage-years, average number of simultaneously anchored vessels by anchorage-years, maximum number of simultaneously anchored vessels by anchorage, and maximum size of anchored vessels by anchorage have been surveyed. The minimum anchorage radius has been calculated according to the designated anchorage capacity according to anchorage. Finally, improvement plans for Yeosu Kwangyang Port's anchorage have been suggested, including relocating of Yeosu no. 2 anchorage, expanding of Kwangyang no. 1 ~ 5 anchorage, relocating of Kwangyang no. 8 ~ 9 anchorage, and repealing of Kwangyang no. 11 anchorage.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.507-513
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• 2021

This study examined the final stop position and posture of both vehicles, the damaged part of the vehicle, the road surface, the specifications of the vehicle, and the angle of impact, centering on the case of a collision in which no surface trace was found. As a result of the simulation, the impact velocity of an SM5 and Lexus was 131 km/h and 74 km/h, respectively, and the impact angle of the SM5 and Lexus was 0.91° and -161.07°, respectively. The cause of the accident was that the SM5 passed through the intersection exceeding the maximum speed limit of 61 km/h and entered the Lexus' left turn lane. Lexus collided during the evacuation to avoid the collision. The collision trajectory error rate of the simulation was approximately 1.4%. Of the subjective experience of accident investigators, the collision dynamics and vehicle engineering aspects and simulations were actively utilized to provide close-to-fact cause identification.

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.53-60
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• 2006

Purpose: This study is to analyze the clinical and radiological results after arthroscopic reduction and internal fixation of intra-articular fractures of lateral tibial plateau. Materials and Methods: The subject of the study are the 13 cases of the patients visited orthopedics surgery during March year 2000 to August year 2004 because of intra-articular fractures of lateral tibial plateau and were treated with arthroscopic reduction and internal fixation. X-rays and CT or MRI were both carried out to identify the precise pattern of fracture and the degree of depression which showed out to be all type 2 by Schatzker fracture classification. And in 9 of the cases, autogenous and allogenous bone grafts were given as bone loss were severe. The average age was 48, age group between 31 and 66, and average follow up period of about 38 months ($13{\sim}65months$). Radiological ratings were given by comparing the X-rays of degree of joint congruency before and after the operation, functional ratings by analyzing IKDC score and Lysholm score. Combined injuries observed after arthroscopy were posterior cruciate ligament injury in 1 case, meniscus injury in 4 cases and medial collateral ligament in 2 cases. Results: During follow up, X-rays showed well-maintained reduction of articular surface in all cases and no complications such as joint depression, fracture reduction loss, angular deformity or malunion were found. Average Lysholm score at last follow up was 87 points ranging from 65 to 97, in 8 of the cases excellent, 3 good, 1 fair and 1 poor according to Lynsholm classification. Average IKDC score was 92 (from 82 to 99). Conclusion: Not only does arthroscopic reduction of lateral tibial plateau fracture bring exact reduction of articular surface, but also, is considered to be a good way of operation to diagnose and treat combined injuries of knee joint using arthroscopy.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.36-42
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• 2002

Background: To evaluate the efficiency of surgical treatment in patients with cardiac valvular and arterial involvement of Behcet's syndrome. Material and Method: 12 patients underwent surgical treatment due to the valvular heart diseases and the various arterial diseases associated with Behest's syndrome over 7 years; 6 with valvular heart disease, 1 with annuloaortic ectasia, 1 with ascending aortic aneurysm, 4 with pseudoaneurysms in abdominal aorta(n=2), carotid artery(n=1), and popliteal artery(n=1). All 12 patients had received valvular replacement(n=6) and the artificial(n=5) or autologous(n=1) graft interposition. We followed the results of these surgical treatments. Result: Operations were technically successful in all 12 patients and peri-operative complication was not demonstrated. However, 10 patients had recurrences; 6 with valvular dehiscence, 3 with pseudoaneurysm at anastostomosis site, and 1 with aorto-duodenal fistula. The duration of recurrence was 1 to 55 months(mean: 15.7$\pm$ 16.2 months). 7 patients underwent the second operation and among them, 4 patients showed repeated recurrences. Overall, 5 patients died 2 to 25 months after the operation(mean: 13.6 months), because of the bleeding at the anastomosis site Five patients did not present recurrence after the first(n=2) or the second operation(n=3) and their follow up duration was 5 to 60 months(mean: 45.8$\pm$41.7 months). Five patients received immune-suppressive therapy after the first(n=2) and second operation(n=3). Three did not shown recurrence for the 13, 29 and 33 months. Conclusion: Post-operative prognosis of arterial manifestation of Behcet's syndrome was not encouraging and if possible, other treatment strategy should be considered.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.148-155
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• 2010

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate clinical features and culture-positive rates according to the involved lung in adolescent pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). Methods : We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of adolescents who ranged in age from 10 to 20 years and who had been hospitalized with a diagnosis of TB at Kwangju Christian Hospital from 2000 to 2008. Results : Sixty-six patients were identified with pulmonary TB: median age 16.82 years; 48.5% males. Among them, 90.9% of patients were between 15 and 20 years of age. Most patients presented with multiple symptoms, and the most common included cough (74.2%), sputum (60.6%), fever (39.5%), and night sweating (18.2%). Sputum samples were smear-positive in 28 (42.4%), culture-positive in 40 (60.6%), and PCR-positive in 46 (69.7%). The most common radiological patterns included cavitation in 18 (27.3%), pleural effusion in 18 (27.3%), lymphadenopathy in 10 (15.2%), and tuberculoma in 5 (7.6%). The prevalence of smear, culture, and PCR positive rates increased as the number of involved lobes increased (P<0.05, P<0.01, P<0.05). The median treatment duration was 7 months. Twelve patients (18.2%) had lower lung field TB (Group A) and forty-four patients (66.7%) had other areas involving TB, except for Group A (Group B), and ten patients (15.1%) had only TB pleurisy (Group C). The difference of clinical characteristics and culture rates between group A and group B was not significant. Conclusion : Pulmonary TB toward late adolescence is increasing. We need to pay more attention to lower lung field TB, which is difficult to detect with specific radiographic findings.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.74-81
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• 2008

Background: Fascin is an actin-bundling protein that induces membrane protrusions and it increases cell motility in various transformed cells. Esophageal cancer is one of the most lethal malignancies, and it exhibits extensive local invasion or frequent regional lymph node metastasis even after curative surgery. We investigate the expression of fascin by performing immunohistochemistry to evaluate the clinical characteristics and prognostic significance of its expression in esophageal cancer patients. Material and Method: Immunochemistry for fascin was performed on 76 tumor samples from 76 patients who underwent esophageal cancer operations. The expression levels of fascin in the 76 esophageal cancer tissues were compared with those in the corresponding normal esophageal epithelium. The fascin-positive samples were defined as those showing more than 75% of fascin-positive cells. Result: Overall, a fascin positive expression was detected in 39 (51.3%) out of the total 76 cases. The tumors with positive fascin expression tended to more frequently show a higher stage (p=0.030), and a higher T-factor (p=0.031). The prognosis of the fascin negative group was significantly better than that of the fascin positive group (p=0.004). Multivariate analysis revealed that lymphovascular invasion and the fascin expression were independent prognostic factors. Conclusion: Fascin was expressed in 513% of the esophageal cancer tissues and a positive expression of fascin was associated with more advanced tumor progression and recurrence. Our study suggests that the fascin expression may be an independent prognostic factor for an unfavorable clinical course few those patients suffering with esophageal cancer.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Inherited Metabolic disease
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.33-43
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• 2005

Purpose: X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy(ALD) is a rare disorder that shows a great deal of phenotypic variability. We subdivided chidhood X-linked ALD patients into several phenotypes by the age at onset, the sites of most severe clinical involvement and the rate of progression of neurologic symptoms. Methods: Thirteen patients who had been diagnosed as X-linked ALD and followed up for at least one year were enrolled from 1996 to 2003. Results: 1. Ten had childhood cerebral ALD, who showed first neurologic symptoms at 7.02 years and progressed rapidly: interval between first symptoms and vegetative state was 1.35 years, and interval from initial symptoms to death was 3.35 years. Treatment with Lorenzo's oil did not prevent neurologic progression. Two patients who underwent umbilical cord blood transplantation died. 2. Two had adolescent cerebral ALD. They had first symptoms at 11.5 years, and showed tendency to progress less rapidly than childhood cerebral form patients. 3. One "Addison only" patient who had adrenal insufficiency without nervous system involvement remained asymptomatic during Lorenzo's oil treatment. 4. All cerebral form patients except one showed the lesions in both parieto-ocipital white matter in brain magnetic resonance imaging. Conclusion: The cerebral ALD was the most common form in childhood and was asoociated with a serious prognosis.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.742-755
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• 1997

Background : Endobronchial tuberculosis(ET) is still relatively common disease in Korea. We intended to evaluate the length of endobronchial lesion, peribronchial thickness, luminal irregularity and associated mediastinal lymph node enlargement with Chest CT to get information for such aggressive treatment as electrocautery, laser therapy and so on of bronchial stricture in ET, and also to compare the change of Chest CT finding with that of bronchoscopic finding after one month of anti-tuberculosis treatment. Method : We performed CT in 26 patients who were diagnosed as ET by bronchoscopy at Boramae Hospital from November 1991 to March 1996. After classifying ET into seven subtypes according to bronchoscopic finding, we analyzed the CT finding of each subtype. And we followed up the bronchoscopy, CT, and PIT after one month of anti-tuberculosis treatment, and compared the change of CT findings with those of bronchoscopic findings in nine patients. Results : Age of the patients was from 17 to 73 years old, and the ratio of male to female was 1 : 25 with absolute female predominance. The site(s) of bronchial involvement by tuberculosis is one in 14 cases, two in nine cases and three in one case, respectively, and the left main bronchus was the most frequently involved site (13 cases for multiple involvements and 7 cases for single involvement among 26 cases). The length of bronchial involvement by tuberculosis which was measured by CT was from 10 to 55 mm, and there was a tendency that the length of involved lesion in fibrostenotic type was shorter than that of actively caseating type. Bronchial stricture on CT was noticed in 25 (96%) cases and the range of severity was from total occlusion to near-normal and also showed wide variation even though the subtype of ET was same. The increase of peribronchial thickness which was measured by CT, was noticed in 21 cases (91%) among 23 cases (in which the measurement was possible), and there was no improvement of peribronchial thickness in those cases which showed little improvement in bronchial stricture despite anti-tuberculosis treatment. There was no difference in the luminal irregularity of involved bronchi on CT in relation to bronchoscopic subtypes. The mediastinal lymph node enlargement, defined as the diameter of lymph node was larger than 1cm on CT, was detected in 20 cases (77%), and right side was more frequently involved (L : R = 1 : 5.2). The CT finding usually showed extrinsic bronchial compression but showed direct invasion in two cases which were bronchoscopically classified as tumorous type. When follow-up bronchoscopy and CT was performed after one month of anti-tuberculosis treatment in nine patients, CT showed significant improvement in peribronchial thickness and mediastinal lymph node enlargement. Bronchial stricture was also improved in 6 cases but aggravated in 3 cases despite anti-tuberculosis therapy. In two cases which were classified as fibrostenotic type by bronchoscopy, CT showed significant improvement in bronchial stricture, interestingly. Conclusion : We concluded that the role of Chest CT was complimentary to bronchoscopy in ET, since CT was useful in evaluating the length of bronchial involvement, peribronchial thickness, and mediastinal lymph node enlargement.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.8 no.4 s.30
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• pp.125-133
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• 2006

In this study, the Korean Industrial Standard(KS) penetration grade system was examined to evaluate its statistical validity. It was found from this limited study that the system has no gap between each grade, the binder falling out of limit trespasses into other binder grade. Therefore, many products can have similar property level with an adjacent grade even though the mean value is within the specification limit. It was also found out that the equal range setup of each grade, such as 20 for 40-60, 60-80, 80-100, has no statistical foundation. Since KS penetration grade is defined without gap between each grade, the producer must maintain the coefficient of variation below the level by the ASTM system to satisfy the normal quality control limit of products. Due to its lack of a gap between grades, higher percentage of products will be duplicated even if the mean is at the median of the specification limits due to material's quality uncertainty. Especially if the mean moves toward the upper limit, a half or more of the binder grade will be overlapped with the upper binder grade. Therefore, KS penetration specification should be immediately modified by statistically valid methodologies.

• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
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• 2003.09a
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• pp.109-109
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• 2003

성문 하방으로 진행된 후두암이나 하인두암, 기관의 침범이 있는 갑상선암 혹은 기공주변 재발암 등의 경우에 적절한 절제연을 얻기 위하여 상부기관륜 일부의 절제가 불가피하며 이때 만들어지는 영구 기관개구창은 일반적인 기관개구창에 비하여 하부에 위치하게 되며 보다 하부로의 기관 절제가 필요한 경우 기관과 주위 피부와의 봉합이 힘들고 경우에 따라서는 종격동 기관개구창을 만들어야 할 경우도 있다. 그리고 기관주위의 림프절이나 상부종격동 림프절 청소술을 병행한 경우나 후두전절제술 후 인두피부누공에 의한 창상감염이 생긴 경우, 기관주위 조직의 제거 후에 노출된 중요혈관의 보호와 광범위하게 제거된 결손부위를 덮기 위해 재건이 필요하게 된다. 대흉근피판은 혈관경이 일정하고 혈액 공급이 풍부하여 감염이 있거나 재건 후 감염을 방지하는데 사용될 수 있으며 피판 경의 길이가 대부분의 두경부 부위에 도달할수 있을 정도로 길고 근육의 부피가 충분하여 결손부위가 넓은 경우에 유용한 장점이 있다. 특히 종격동 림프절 청소술 후에나 하부 기관공의 재건을 위하여서는 한 수술시야에서 시행할 수 있는 인접한 부위 근피판 이라는 장점이 있고 필요시에는 이중도서(double-island) 형태로 접어서 이중피판으로 사용할 수도 있으며 피부이식과 병용하면 경부 피부의 재건도 동시에 시행할 수 있다. 저자들은 광범위한 기관륜의 제거 후 영구 기관개구창이 경부 하방이나 흥부 상부에 위치하게 되어 안쪽으로 말려들어가는 기관개구창 주변부위와 기관주위 결손 부위의 재건, 그리고 무명 동맥 등의 중요 구조물의 보호를 위해 사용된 대흉근 피판의 여러 작도법(design)과 응용, 결과를 종합하여 하부 기관개구창 재건에 있어 대흉근피판의 유용성을 살펴보고자 하였다. 한다. 본 연구의 결과를 이용하여 향후 전개될 홈 네트워크 서비스 및 관련시장의 발전 방향을 전망해 보고 이에 따른 기업이나 정부차원의 대응전략을 파악하고자 한다.육구에서는 큰 변화를 나타내고 있지 않았다(p<0.05). 운동과 비운동시킨 참돔의 지질 함량의 변화는 운동시킨 참돔은 운동으로 인한 에너지 소비로 인하여 함량이 유의적으로 감소했으며(r=-0.35), 비운동사육구에서는 절식으로 인하여 지질함량이 감소하였다(r=-0.38). 파괴강도와 가장 밀접한 영향을 가지는 콜라겐은 운동과 비운동 모두 사육기간동안 큰 변화는 보이지 않았다. 초기의 파괴강도값은 1.45±0.02kg(운동사육구), 1.36±0.18kg(비운동사육구)이였으며 사육기간동안 운동사육구는 파괴강도값이 증가한 반면, 비운동수조에서는 참돔의 파괴강도는 사육기간동안 큰 유의차가 없었다. 각 성분간의 상관도를 살펴보면, 수분함량과 파괴강도는 상관성을 가졌으며, 지질함량과 파괴강도도 같은 경향은 나타내었다. 운동기간동안의 파괴강도와 콜라겐 사이에는 상관성의 거의 없었다. 이는 운동기간에 따른 파괴강도의 증가가 콜라겐의 함량의 증가보다는 지질함량의 감소와 수분함량의 증가와 같은 성분과의 상관성이 크다고 판단된다. 다음으로는, 운동횟수에 의한 영향으로써 운동시간을 1일 6시간으로 설정하여, 운동횟수를 결정하기 위하여 오전, 오후에 각 3시간씩 운동시키는 방법과 오전부터 6시간동안 운동시키는 두 방법을 이용하여 품질을 비교하였다. 각 조건에 따라 운동시킨 참돔의 수분함량을 나타낸 것으로, 2회(오전 3시간, 오후 3시간)에 나누어서 운동시키기 위한 육의 수분함량은 73.37±2.02%를 나타냈으며, 1회(6시간 운동)운동시키기 위한 육은 71.74±1.66%을 나타내