• CDE review
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.33-36
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• 1996

승용차 산업과 같이 정밀 부품이 요구되는 산업에 있어서 가장 기초가 되고도 중요한 것은 시작금형에 해당하는 정밀 목형 제작이라고 할 수 있다. 부품의 개발은 일반적으로 설계과정, 도면화 과정, 시제품 개발과정, 시제품 성능시험과정, 양산체제 구축과정 등의 순서를 밟는다. 이 과정 중에서 시제품 개발과정은 설계에 의해서 만들어진 제품이 실제 설계자의 의도와 일치하는지를 확인하는 과정이다. 이 과정에서 부품 간의 간섭, 치수나 형상의 확인, 기능 혹은 성능상의 문제점 등을 검토하여 양산체제시에 발생할 수 있는 문제점 등을 최대한 제거하여야 한다. 그런데 시제품 제작에 걸리는 기간이 개발과정 중에서도 비교적 큰 부분을 차지하고 있어 이의 단축이 시급한 실정이다. 현재 시제품 제작업체들 중에서 프레스 금형을 위한 판넬 수지가공에는 3D CAD/CAM을 많이 적용하고 있지만, 주물 소재용 목형제작은 대부분 숙련된 기술자의 수작업에 의존하고 있다. 따라서 개발기간 단축과 비용절감이라는 완성차 업계의 요구와는 거리가 있는 실정이다. 당사는 이미 실린더 헤드, 매니홀더, 트랜스밋션 케이스, 헤드커버, 실린드블럭 등 자동차 엔진의 핵심부품들의 목형을 3D CAD/CAM을 이용하여 생산하고 있기 때문에 이중 트랜스밋션 케이스의 목형제작 과정을 소개하고자 한다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
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• 2003.07a
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• pp.469-477
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• 2003

삼림에서 벌채된 목재는 대부분 건조공정을 거쳐 산업용 재료가 되므로 건조정도에 따라 목질 재료의 품질이 결정된다. 목재에 포함된 과도한 수분을 제거하여 운송비용을 줄일 수 있으며 목재를 적절하게 건조하게 되면 목재 사용 중에 발생할 수 있는 수축 및 팽윤을 제한할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 건조과정을 통해 비틀림, 갈라짐, 할열 등과 같은 결함의 발생을 크게 줄일 수 있다. 또한 건조된 목재는 생재에 비해 기계 가공이 보다 용이하기 때문에 정확한 치수로 재단이 가능하며, 각각의 부품으로 재단한 부재를 못이나 나사못, 볼트, 접착제 등을 사용하여 견고하게 짜 맞출 수 있다. 그리고 도장성능이 향상되어 기능성을 증진시킬 수 있으며, 건조 후의 방부처리를 통해 장기간의 사용이 가능하다. (중략)

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.221-221
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• 2004

플라스틱의 사출성형중 용용 수지에 가스를 주입하는 가스사출성형(Gas Assisted Injection Molding GAIM)에 의해 성형품을 만드는 생산방법은 약 30년 전부터 유럽지역을 중심으로 시작되었다 GAIN의 개발 배경은 발포성형을 대체하기 위한 공법으로 개발되었다. 발포성형은 싱크마크(sink mark) 제거, 치수안정성, 강도보강의 목적으로 사용하는 공법이지만, 가스기포가 표면으로 빠져나오고 표면에 가스 기포가 발생하여 외관부품에 부적당하며, 두께가 5-6mm이하의 성형품에는 적용할 수 없고, 성형시간이 긴 문제점을 가지고 있어 이러한 문제를 보강한 공법을 연구할 결과로 GAIM이 탄생하게 되었다.(중략)

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.282-287
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• 2023

The effect of stress relief heat treatment temperature and duration time on the microstructure, residual stress and Vickers hardness of additively manufactured Ti-6Al-4V alloy using laser powder bed fusion process was clarified. As a result of stress relief heat treatment for 240 minutes at 823 K and 60 minutes or more at 873 K, residual stress was decreased less than 30 MPa without grain growth and phase transformation which causes dimensional distortion and deterioration of mechanical properties. In addition, hardness was increased with increasing heat treatment temperature and duration time. It was deduced that the refinement of acicular martensitic α' phase due to the increasing duration time of isothermal heat treatment at 773~873 K, which was not detected by XRD and phase map analysis using SEM-EBSD, probably increases the hardness.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.941-951
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• 1994

The resilient behavior of subbase materials, locally used in Korea. were evaluated in this study by performing laboratory MR tests. The variations of the MR value according to LVDT's location in experiments and moisture conditions, respectively, were evaluated. And, in order to determine the relevant MR characteristics of the prototype materials, laboratory model tests containing smaller particles than those of the prototype were conducted. Based on above results, the relationship of the MR and the bulk stress (${\theta}$) was suggested. The case using internal LVDT. gave much larger $M_R$ value than that using external LVDT, since the external LVDT somewhat overestimates the resilient strain. The measured $M_R$ in damp conditions ($S_r$=40%) was larger than that in wet conditions ($S_r$=70%) by about 10%. The relationship between the $M_R$ and the void ratio was linear according to particle size effect. The relationship of the $M_R$ and the bulk stress (${\theta}$) on subbase materials in damp conditions to be used in Korea could be recommended as $M_R=3960{\cdot}{\theta}^{0.60}$ psi.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.380-383
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• 2013

This clinical report describes the dental treatment of canine teeth fractures in three cats. These animals were diagnosed by oral examination and dental radiography as having fractured teeth with pulpal exposure. After endodontic treatment was completed, root canal filling material was removed from the coronal access and a trial post placement was performed. The post was permanently cemented after shortening. Teeth were etched and a bonded composite resin core formed and then shaped using rotary instruments. Fractured canine teeth were treated without any complications observed during a six-month follow-up period, proving that fractured cat canine teeth can be treated successfully with root canal therapy followed by restorative treatment with posts and composite resin.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.119-124
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• 2016

In the sapphire wafering process, lapping is a crucial operation in order to reduce the damaged layer and achieve the target thickness. Many parameters, such as pressure, velocity, abrasive, slurry and plate, affect lapping characteristics. This paper presents an experimental investigation on the effect of the plate groove on the material removal rate and roughness of the wafer. We select the spiral pattern and rectangular type as the groove shapes. We vary the groove density by controlling the groove shape dimension, i.e., the groove width and pitch. As the groove density increases to 0.4, the material removal rate increases and gradually reaches a saturation point. When the groove density is low, the pressing load is mostly supported by the thick film, and only a small amount acts on the abrasives resulting to a low material removal rate. The roughness decreases on increasing the groove density up to 0.3 because thick film makes partial participations of large abrasives which make deep scratches. From these results, we could conclude that the groove affects the contact condition between the wafer and plate. At the same groove density, the pitch has more influence on reducing the film thickness than the groove width. By decreasing the groove density with a smaller pitch and larger groove width, we could achieve a high material removal rate and low roughness. These results would be helpful in understanding the groove effects and determining the appropriate groove design.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.483-490
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• 2007

This report describes clinical cases of a palato-gingival groove on a maxillary lateral incisor with associated localized periodontal disease and pulp necrosis. The tooth of the first case was extracted because of severe bone destruction. The palato-gingival groove of the second case was eliminated using a round bur, and the resulting defect was filled with synthetic graft and covered by an absorbable membrane. Both diagnosis and treatment of palato-gingival groove were very difficult and usually extraction of the involved tooth is the treatment of choice. but combined endodontic-peri-odontic treatment allowed the tooth to be saved.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.19
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• pp.19-30
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• 2006

Alteration of physical and chemical characteristics and the effect of removal of mineral substances in waterlogged archaeological woods by different cleaning processes were examined using oak wood(Quercus spp.) that was excavated from wetland near Gwangju, Korea. Cleaning methods employed in the present work were (1) tools, (2) deaeration, (3) EDTA and (4) ultrasonic cleaning, which are being currently applied in the field of preservation treatment. Cleaning process were performed independently or continuously. Composition of mineral substances in the waterlogged archaeological wood was almost same as the that of soil in which waterlogged archaeological woods were buried. In case of independent cleaning, tools cleaning efficiently removed the mineral substances on surface. Surface color become brighter after cleaning with EDTA. In contrast, deaeration and ultrasonic cleaning did not show any significant removal of mineral substances. In continuous cleaning process, tool cleaning as the first step treatment showed the same effect as shown in independent cleaning. Although deaeration as the second step cleaning did not remove the mineral substances, it could be assumed to contribute the infiltration of dimensional agents by homogenization of wood. EDTA treatment (the third step cleaning) removed the iron(Fe) and increased the whiteness of wood color. The ultrasonic treatment (the fourth step cleaning) removed the sodium(Na) remained after EDTA treatment and the fine mineral substances.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.62-72
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• 2007

The purpose of present study was to determine whether different kinds of curing lights can alter microtensile bond strength(MTBS) of class I cavity pulpal and axial wall specimens in primary molar. Thirty clean mandibular 2nd primary molar's occlusal enamel were removed and class I cavity, size of $2{\times}4{\times}2mm$ was prepared. Dentin bonding agent was applied according to manufacturer's manual. Each group was cured with Halogen Curing Unit, Plasma Curing Unit and LED Curing Unit. Composite resin was bulk filled and photo cured with same curing unit. MTBS specimens which size is $0.7{\times}0.7{\times}4mm$ were prepared with low speed saw. Specimens were coded by their curing lights and wall positions (Halogen - Axial wall group, Halogen - Pulpal wall group, Plasma - Axial wall group, Plasma - Pulpal wall group, LED - Axial wall group, LED - Pulpal walt group). MTBS were tested at 1 mm/min cross Head speed by Universal Testing Machine. Fractured surface and bonding surface was observed with SEM. T-test between axial and pulpal specimens in each curing lights, one-way ANOVA among different curing light specimens in each wall positions were done. Weibull distribution analysis was done. The results were as follows : Mean MTBS of pulpal wall specimens were significantly greater than that of axial wall specimens at each curing units(p<.05). There was no significant difference in the MTBS among three curing units at axial wall and pulpal wall. In Weibull distribution, pulpal wall specimens were more homogeneous than axial wall specimens.