• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.49-56
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• 2010

목적 : 뇌의 신경세포 증식은 해마 치상회와 뇌실하영역에서만 나타나는 현상이다. Kainic acid(KA)를 이용한 간질 동물모델을 연구하던 중 침이 해마 치상회의 신경세포증식을 촉진하는 현상을 발견하여 이를 보고하고자 한다. 방법 : 수컷 ICR계 생쥐를 Saline(n=8), KA(n=8), KA+Acu(n=8)의 세 군으로 나누고, 모든 생쥐들에게 KA 주입 3일 전부터 1일 1회씩 5'-bromodeoxyuridine(BrdU)을 3일간 주입하였다. Saline군에는 멸균된 생리식염수를 뇌실 내에 주입하였고, KA군 및 KA+Acu군에는 $0.1{\mu}g$의 KA를 뇌실 내에 주입하였으며, KA+Acu군에 속한 쥐들에게는 KA 주입 2일전, 1일전, 주입 직후에 양쪽 소부(少府)(HT8)에 자침하였다. KA 주입 3시간 후 쥐의 뇌를 적출하고 해마 치상회부위의 BrdU 및 neuropeptide Y (NPY)의 발현을 측정하였다. 결과 : 소부(少府) 자침이 KA의 독성으로 인한 신경세포의 파괴를 줄여주었으며, BrdU 양성 세포 및 NPY를 유의하게 증가시켰다. KA 주입시 세포증식이 일어나긴 하나, 3시간 안에는 거의 일어나지 않는다. 결론 : 소부(少府) 자침이 해마 치상회의 신경세포증식을 촉진하며, 이는 KA의 효과가 아닌 KA 투여 전 소부(少府) 자침으로 인한 것으로 사료된다.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.107-114
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• 2011

Purpose: To assess the degree and clinical impact of location error of the dens on the X-axis during radiotherapy to brain and head and neck tumors. Materials and Methods: Twenty-one patients with brain tumors or head and neck tumors who received three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy or intensity-modulated radiation therapy from January 2009 to June 2010 were included in this study. In comparison two-dimensional verification portal images with initial simulation images, location error of the nasal septum and the dens on the X-axis was measured. The effect of set-up errors of the dens was simulated in the planning system and analyzed with physical dose parameters. Results: A total of 402 portal images were reviewed. The mean location error at the nasal septum was 0.16 mm and at the dens was 0.33 mm (absolute value). Location errors of more than 3 mm were recorded in 43 cases (10.7%) at the nasal septum, compared to 133 cases (33.1%) at the dens. There was no case with a location error more than 5 mm at the nasal septum, compared to 11 cases (2.7%) at the dens. In a dosimetric simulation, a location error more than 5 mm at the dens could induce a reduction in the clinical target volume 1 coverage (V95: 100%${\rightarrow}$87.2%) and overdosing to a critical normal organ (Spinal cord V45: <0.1%${\rightarrow}$12.6%). Conclusion: In both brain and head and neck radiotherapy, a relatively larger set-up error was detected at the dens than the nasal septum when using an electronic portal imaging device. Consideration of the location error of the dens is necessary at the time of the precise radiation beam delivery in two-dimensional verification systems.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.289-293
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• 1997

The effects of plant regulators on direct somatic embryogenesis in liquid culture of Rehmannia glutinosa were investigated and the proper explant for direct somatic embryo formation was studied. Direct somatic embryos were induced from leaf segments culture in the MS liquid medium containing 0.5 mg/l of both IAA and NAA, while IBA of 1.0 mg/l was required for the same effect. Many somatic embryos were directly formed at the concentration of 2.0 mg/l cytokinin such as BA, kinetin and zeatin, but somatic embryogenesis was relatively poor at above or below this level. Relatively more somatic embryos were induced in the combination of 1.0mg/l IAA and 2.0mg/l zeatin. Formation of somatic embryos begun after 6 weeks on stem segments, while 7 weeks both on petiole and leaf. However, overall production of somatic embryos after 8 weeks was higher in leaf segment than that of stem segment.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.309-316
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• 2000

Objective :The transoral approach allows direct view of the ventral craniovertebral junction and provides useful management of the various lesions of this area. We present a step by step guide to the performance of the transoral excision of the odontoid process in the cadaveric model. Methods : Ten cadaver heads were used in fixed or unfixed state. We describe the relevant surgical anatomy in the cadaveric dissection and surgical technique of transoral transpharyngeal odontoidectomy. Results : The surgical procedure of transoral odontoidectomy was categorized by six steps；soft palate, posterior pharyngeal wall, muscular structures, osseous structures, odontoid process and ligaments, cruciate ligament and dura. Conclusion : With anatomical knowledge of these regions neurosurgeons can deal with wide variety of lesions in the ventral craniovertebral junction.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.50
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• pp.176-182
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• 2023

Plant regeneration protocols for adventitious shoot organogenesis from apple (Malus domestica 'Fuji') leaf explants were developed in the present study. The effects of dark incubation periods in the early stages of culture, pre-treatment methods, the number of explants per culture container, the type of culture containers, and the orientation of the explants on culture media were evaluated to determine the optimal shoot regeneration conditions for 'Fuji' apple leaf explants. Light incubation of explants produced minimal response. However, dark incubation of explants for 4 weeks during the initial culture period enhanced shoot regeneration frequency. Comparing the number of explants per container, a higher percentage of shoot regeneration was obtained with nine explants per container compared with four explants per container. Pre-treatment, before culture, by dipping explants in a liquid regeneration medium containing 40 g/L of sorbitol for 2 hours produced the highest shoot formation rate, and the time of shoot formation was accelerated. The percentage of shoot regeneration and number of shoots per regenerating explant reached a maximum of 87.5% and 4.7, respectively. The regenerated shoots were elongated and rooted on a rooting medium of 1/4 MS with 0.2 mg/L IBA. The plantlets were successfully acclimatized, and the regenerated plants produced normal phenotypes.

• The Korean Publising Journal, Monthly
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• s.354
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• pp.41-41
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• 2005

• Electric Engineers Magazine
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• v.178 no.6
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• pp.38-45
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• 1997

• Bulletin of Korea Environmental Preservation Association
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• v.10 no.11
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• pp.2-4
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• 1988

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.77-84
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• 2002

목적 : 소아의 정신적 및 신체적 발달지연에 사용되고 있는 신기환이 해마의 신경세포 생성에 미치는 영향을 관찰하고자 하였다. 방법 : 신기환이 세포생성에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여 해마 세포인 HiB5에 신기환을 처리, 배양하여 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay를 통해서 세포생성을 관찰하였다. 또한 3주령의 Sprague-Dawley (S-D)계 흰쥐의 중완혈에 신기환 약침을 자침후 해마의 치상회에서 bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) immunohistochemistry를 시행하여 세포생성을 관찰하였다. 결과 : HiB5 배양세포에서는 신기환을 처리시 배양시간과 농도별로 세포생성율이 증가하였다. 또한, 대조군의 치상회에서 BrdU 양성세포수는 $128.50{\pm}9.53$, 1 mg/kg 신기환 자침군은 $157.08{\pm}10.82$ 및 10 mg/kg 신기환 자침군은 $204.80{\pm}17.68$로 나타났다. 이러한 결과로 신기환은 어린 S-D계 흰쥐의 치상회에서 세포생성을 증가시키는 것으로 사려된다.

• The Journal of Natural Sciences
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.71-78
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• 1993

Five $F_1$ hybrids of radish(Raphanus sativus L.) were used in the study for induction of microspore derived embryos. Anthers from the mid-uninucleate to early bicellular stage were inoculated on the modified B5 medium and modified Nitch-Nitch medium supplemented with several growth regulators. The efficiency of anther culture was dspendent on the genotype of donor plants and we obtained various culture efficiency from different genotypes. Induction of embryos from microspore was best result on Nitsch-Nitsch media supplemented with 0.1mg/l NAA and 0.05mg/l BAP. Heat treatments of anthers at $35^{\circ}C$-2days and combined with pretreatment of $4^{\circ}C$ for 2, 8, 12 and 16days . Among the treatments, $35^{\circ}C$-2 days treatment combined with $4^{\circ}C$-2days pretreatment treatment were the most effective in developing embryos from microspores.