• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.30 no.11
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• pp.1111-1116
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• 1997

In a period from Sep 1994 to Sep 1996, 38 patients were treated for spontaneous pneumothorax by video-assisted thoracic surgery(VATS). 31 male and 7 female patients with ages between 17 and 79(mean 30.0 years). No death occured. The postoperative complication rate of VATS was 7.9%(3/38). We noted no recurrence of pneumothorax, 3 wound dehiscence, 3 persistent air leak(>7days) in the patients. We compared theses results with thoracoscopic surgery of spontaneous pneumothorax in 38 cases(Group A), with cases of 21 patients(Group B) performed by the thoracotomy in the same period. There have been no recurrence in groud A, and one recurrence in group B at a median follow-up of 14.37$\pm$7.48 months and 16.81 $\pm$7.12 months, respectively. There was no significant difference in the duration of operation time including induction time between VATS and thoracotomy, but postoperative hospital stay and chest tube drainage periods were all less for these undergone VATS. Postoperative complication was less in group A(3/38=7.9%, 3 cases with persistent air leak >7days, all developed wound dehiscence, too), than in group B(9/21=42.9%, 8 cases with persistent air leak more than 7days, including 2 wound dehiscence, one recurrence, and the other one case of empyema). In our experience, VATS has the effectiveness of thoracic surgery for treating thoracic problems, has resulted in surgical intervention in spontaneous pneumothorax.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.339-343
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• 2004

Anionic surfactants such as sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate (SDSS) and sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (NaDBS) and a nonionic surfactant, polyoxyethylene oleyl ether (OE-7) were tested for their protective, curative, and persistent activities on tomato late blight (TLB, Phytophthora infestans), red pepper blight (RPB, P. capsici), and cucumber downy mildew (CDM, Pseudoperonospora cubensis). They exhibited a strong protective activity on TLB, RPB, and CDM. Among them, $NaDBS\;(500\;{\mu}g/ml)$ showed the most in vivo antifungal activities(1-day protective activity) with control values of 99%, 100%, and 85% against TLB, RPB, and CDM, respectively. However, the three surfactants represented a weak disease controlling efficacy on TLB, RPD, and CDM in a 1-day curative application. SDSS and NaDBS exhibited a good persistent activities on TLB and RPB. Especially, NaDBS, at $500\;{\mu}g/ml$, showed control values of more than 88% on TLB and RPB in a 7-day protective application. The results indicate SDSS and NaDBS have a potential for the control of TLB, RPB, and CDM in the fields.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.119-123
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• 2019

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a sleep disorder with no breathing symptoms due to repetitive upper airway resistance. OSA is a disease that can have significant effects on the cerebral cardiovascular system. Active treatment is needed to prevent these complications. The use of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), the standard therapy of OSA, has comparative therapeutic effects. On the other hand, there is no comparison report of the polysomnography (PSG) results before and after CPAP therapy without using a mask. This paper reports a patient who was diagnosed as OSA and used CPAP every night for more than 2 years. The patient showed a decrease in the apnea-hypopnea index from 64.7/h to 12.9/h. In addition, other sleep-related indicators improved significantly. The daily use of CPAP as a treatment for OSA for more than 2 years may improve the PSG results. Constant follow up of PSG will be needed to adjust the appropriate CPAP pressure to patients because there might be a change in the Apnea-Hypopnea Index and other sleep-related indicators for constant CPAP users for at least 2 years.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.494-503
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• 1994

Background: Fibrostenosis of large airway due to tuberculosis is one of the most perplexing clinical problems not only because it can lead to respiratory failure but also because of difficulty in the management. No one technique, such as balloon dilatation or insertion of self expandable metallic stent, has proved totally satisfactory in the management of fibrostenosis. We evaluated the effect of laser therapy in patient with severe fibrostenosis due to tuberculosis. Method: We classified the fibrostenosis to three types by bronchoscopic finding - the diaphragm type: stenosed by fibrous diaphragm, sparing the tracheobronchial wall, the collapse type: stenosed by collapse of the wall due to destruction of the cartilage, and the combined type: stenosed by nonspecific inflammatory scar tissue within internal lumen with collapse of the wall. We have treated 10 patients complaining dyspnea due to with severe fibrostenosis of the diaphargm or the combined type using a neodymiumyttrium aluminum garnet(Nd-Y AG) laser through a flexible bronchoscopy. Results: Eight of the 10 cases improved after laser therapy and maintained during a follow up period of average 31.9 months. All of the cases undergoing laser therapy showed no serious complication to need the therapy. Conclusion: The results of our present study indicate that the Nd-YAG laser therapy is an effective and safe method for the management of selective tuberculous fibrostenosis.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.393-398
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• 2001

배경: 일차성 자연기흉의 재발방지를 위해서 폐기포절부위에 흡수성 셀룰로스망사와 Fibrin gluefm 도포하여 수술후 재발율을 줄일 수 있는 지 알아보았다. 대상 및 방법: 1996.4우러부터 2000.6월까지 2명의 술자가 222례의 일차성 자연기흉을 수술하였으며, 수술시기와 치료방법에 따라 4군으로 나누어 비교하였다. 제1군은 1996년부터 1997년가지 비디오흉강경수술 및 기계적 늑막유착술로 시술받은 군(25례), 제 2군은 같은 기간동안 액와개흉술 및 늑막유착술로 시술받은 군(53례), 제 3군은 1998년부터 2000.4월까지 흉강경수술 및 늑만유착술로시술받은 군(110례), 제 4군은 1999.7월부터 2000.6월까지 흉강경수술 및 봉합부위를 셀룰로스망사와 Fibrin glue로 보강한 군(34례)이었다. 각 군간, 엑스선상 기흉의 크기 및 폐기포의 수나 크기에 따라 재발율, 공기누출시간 및 흉관지속지간등을 일반선형모델을 사용하여 비교 분석하였다. 결과: 대상환자는 남자 203례, 여자 19례 이었고, 나이는 14게에서 68세이었고, 평균연령은 23.2$\pm$9.6세였다. 재발한 경우는제 1군이 5례(25%), 제 2군이 2례(3.8%), 제 3군이 5례(4.5%)이었고, 제 4군은 재발례가 없었다. 재발례는 모두 수술자의 수술경험이 2년이내일 때 발생하였다. 흉관지속기간은 제 4군이 제 3군(p<0.0006) 및 제1, 제2군(p<0.0001)에 비해서 더 짧았고, 술후 공기누출이 제 4군에서는 없었다. 술전흉부엑스선상 기흉의 크기에 따른 수술후 기흉의 재발울은 경도의 기흉에서 14.3%(2/14)이었고, 중등도 기흉에서 7.4%(10/134)이었으며, 심한 기흉에서는 재발례가 없었다. 재수술한 12례중 봉합부위근처에서 기포가 발행된 경우가 9례(75%)로 많았다. 결론: 재발방지를 위한 시술로 늑막유착술을 시행하지 않고 폐기포절제부위를 흡수성 셀룰로스망사와 Fibrin glue로 덮어주는 시술은 비교적 용이하며, 수술 후 공기 누출이 없었고, 수술 후 흉관지속기간이 더 짧았고, 단기간 추적에서 재발이 없었다. 재발에 영향을 미치는 것으로 흉부엑스선상 기흉의 크기가 작은 경우에는 재발율이 더 높았고, 수술자의 경험이 중요하였다.

• Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.44-49
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• 2004

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether longitudinal changes in positive and negative symptoms affect cognitive functioning in chronic schizophrenia. Methods: Sixty-eight patients diagnosed with DSM-IV schizophrenia were examined on two occasions over 6 months for symptoms and cognitive changes. Symptoms were measured by PANSS. Cognitive functions were examined for sustained attention, executive function, concentration and attention, and verbal memory and learning using Degraded Stimulus Continuous Performance Test, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, Digit Span, and Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test, respectively. Twenty control subjects were assessed to compare the cognitive scores of remitted schizophrenic patients. Results: Patients showed significant improvement in symptoms and all cognitive tests after 6 months treatments. Significant improvements in positive and negative symptoms did not predict improvements in any aspect of cognitive functioning measured. Normal controls performed significantly better than remitted schizophrenic patients on all cognitive tests. The results show no relationship between change in symptoms and change in cognition in chronic schizophrenia. Conclusion: We suggest that symptomatic and cognitive impairment may be a distinct construct. These findings highlight the importance of treating cognitive impairment in addition to the clinical symptoms of schizophrenia.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.231-239
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• 2000

Objectives：The major goal of this study was to investigate the treatment outcome of psychiatric treatment in inpatients with conduct disorder and to elucidate factors affecting its prognosis. Methods：We reviewed the medical records of 300 inpatients with conduct disorder who had been treated with a specialized adolescent treatment program. Follow-up structured telephone interview had been performed in 96 patients. Results：1) At the point of follow-up, 90% of the patients were improved in behavioral patterns, 2% of the patients were worse, and 8% of the patients were unchanged. 2) Intrafamilial relationship was improved in 70% of the patients, worse in 2%, and unchanged in 28%. 3) Fifty-seven percent of families thought to be helped by psychiatric inpatient treatment, 6% replied to be harmed, and 37% thought not to be helpful. 4) Comparing the good prognosis group who were all better in behavioral patterns, intrafamilial relationship, and efficacy of treatment with the rest of subjects, the good prognosis group was significantly younger and had more history of problems in familial structure. Conclusion：Although the present study had some meterological limits, the promising positive results in the outcome of inpatients with conduct disorder encourages further more sophisticated investigations in this problematic psychiatric conditions.

• The Journal of Korean society of community based occupational therapy
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.13-23
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• 2012

Objective : The purpose of this study was to provide evidence for effectiveness of community-based rehabilitation methods and results after traumatic brain injury through systematic review. Methods : The materials of the research were collected by retrieving research items in the areas of "community-based rehabilitation" and "traumatic brain injury" from the data base of Ovid and PubMed. Among the collected materials, 7 research results are suggested concerning the effectiveness of rehabilitation in community-based after traumatic brain injury in terms of subjects, measurement tools, cure methods and results. Results : Characteristics of subjects were diverse in numbers of subject, age, level of impairment and duration of disease. Research designs were all experimental studies and the most outcome parameters of community-based rehabilitation was occupational performance(27.7%). Cure methods were used occupational therapy programs concerning rehabilitation programs, cognitive therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy and home based occupational therapy. Conclusion : The results implied that community-based rehabilitation is effective on occupational performance, participation, prevention, and occupational justice, partially effective on adaptation, health and wellness, and non effective on the role competence. It is suggested the future research need to be done to develop intervention programs and studies in every types.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.46-55
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• 2017

Many people in Korea suffer from a fear of dental treatments; however, only a few studies have focused on this population. This study assessed the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and its interventions in reducing dental anxiety, especially when administered by trained dental staff. Using case studies, the authors analyzed the content of each session and examined the process of reducing dental anxiety. First, the authors observed that the results of both dental fear scale and subjective unit of disturbance decreased significantly with changes in cognitive distortions related to dental anxiety and that rapid improvements were noted after two therapy sessions. Second, the study reported that practicing relaxation (deep-breathing) and muscle relaxation techniques; using hand signals to indicate anxiety or discomfort; establishing an empathic relationship with the therapist; making an anxiety list; and graded insensitive and exposure along with rehearsal, were effective in coping with dental anxiety and in changing negative thoughts towards the dentist. Third, a simple cognitive behavioral intervention can be effective in reducing dental anxiety. In summary, a short-term, five-session psychological intervention with CBT produced a sustained decrease in the symptoms of dental anxiety, allowing the patients to receive the required procedures. The authors discussed the study limitations and the implication of their results on future research.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.26 no.12
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• pp.221-226
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• 2021

This study was examined the effect and the continuity of music therapy for reduce on post-traumatic stress (PTS) in 119 emergency medical technicians (EMTs). The subjects of the study were 42 EMTs in the C area, and the study was conducted from November 25, 2019 to March 1, 2020. The experimental group conducted a total of ten music therapy programs twice a day for five days. The session-specific program was conducted by two music therapists, including the early, mid, late, and closed stages. Each step applied intervention techniques necessary for goals such as improvisation, rhythm making, Nanta, and couple physical activities. The control group was required to take a free break (TV viewing, cell phone games, sleep, exercise, etc.) at the same time as the experimental group's program. The study found that the control group had no difference in PTS before and after the application of music therapy, but the experimental group had a significant decrease in PTS immediately after the application of music therapy and a gradual increase in PTS after 4 and 12 weeks (p<.05). Repetitive music therapy is judged to be an effective way to mitigate the PTS leve for EMTs.