• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.43 no.3 s.309
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• pp.25-33
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• 2006

This paper proposed device-independent color matching algorithm based on the 3D RGB lookup table (LUT) between mobile camera and mobile LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) to improve the color-fidelity. Proposed algorithm is composed of thee steps, which is device characterization, gamut mapping, 3D RGB-LUT design. First, the characterization of mobile LCD is executed using the sigmoidal function, different from conventional method such as GOG (Gain Offset Gamma) and S-curve modeling, based on the observation of electro-optical transfer function of mobile LCD. Next, mobile camera characterization is conducted by fitting the digital value of GretagColor chart captured under the daylight environment (D65) and tristimulus values (CIELAB) using the polynomial regression. However, the CIELAB values estimated by polynomial regression exceed the maximum boundary of the CIELAB color space. Therefore, these values are corrected by linear compression of the lightness and chroma. Finally, gamut mapping is used to overcome the gamut difference between mobile camera and moible LCD. To implement the real-time processing, 3D RGB-LUT is designed based on the 3D RGB-LUT and its performance is evaluated and compared with conventional method.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.194-201
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• 2014

This paper is able to be solved by improving degradation in multi-path environment by adjust beam pattern angle through modifying pulse phase of each antennas by using TRM (Transmitter Receiver Module). Beam Scanning Array Antenna, which is transmitter/receiver that improves degradation in multi-path environment without any signal distortion, is designed and manufactured. Beam Scanning Array Antenna should be able to send/receive signal at the antenna's longitudinal part without distortion and should not influences other systems. Also, it should include target detecting ability by beam steering.Dispersion characteristic of Beam Scanning Antenna, which is designed, is analysed by using fidelity, and steering and radar resolution performance is verified by using $1cm{\times}1cm$ sized target. To manufacture Beam Scanning Array Antenna, control board and GUI, which is able to control Vivaldi Antenna for IR-UWB, Tri-Band Wilkinson power divider, and TRM (Transmitter Receiver Module), is designed. Throughout this research, developed Beam Scanning UWB Array Antenna system is adoptable for radar application field. and time domain analysis techniques by using network analyser made the antenna characteristics analysis for setting up antenna more accurate. In addition, it makes beam width checking without difficulties.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.317-323
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• 2010

This study aimed to examine a suppression effect of salinity on extension rate of stem elongation of cucumber seedlings (Cucumis sativus L.) grafted with roots of figleaf gourd plant. The effects of application methods, timings, and concentrations of two salt types, sodium chloride (NaCl) and calcium chloride ($CaCl_2$), were compared to untreated control plants. In result, an obvious suppression effect on the excessive elongation of stem was obtained by both sub-irrigated and medium-mixed NaCl salt. An improvement in quality of transplants was also obtained by the sub-irrigated NaCl salt. Foliar-applied NaCl caused visible leaf injury when the concentration was higher than 40 mM; but, with no effect on suppressing the stem elongation. When the NaCl was applied at 7 days after grafting, a higher concentration of NaCl was demanded for suppressing the stem elongation compared to an application at the day of grafting. No effect of the NaCl salt on the fresh weights of 36-day grown plants was observed; but, there was a negative effect on the number of female flowers at a high temperature season. Overall, the NaCl salt was more effective on slowing down the stem elongation and had the lower incidence of leaf injury than the $CaCl_2$ salt.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.294-301
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• 2016

This study was conducted to analyze the seedling quality of korean melon and the growth after transplanting of korean melon nursed under the LED sources. LED sources were RB7 (Red:Blue=14:2), RB3 (Red:Blue=12:4) and Blue(B=16). Photosynthetic photon flux density(PPFD) was 50, 100 and $200{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$. The lighting treatment was started after graft-taken and was applied for 20 days at 4 hours(05:30 and 07:30, 17:30 and 19:30) per day. Plant height and stem diameter of scion were longer and thicker under a high ratio of blue light condition. Dry matter ratio and compactness were highest in RB3 compared to the other LED sources treatments. $CO_2$ exchange rate increased $5.44{\mu}molCO_2{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$ under RB7 $200{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$ and dropped to negative values under control. PPFD $200{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$ of RB3 resulted in the longest plant height by 132.3cm and flowering ratio also was the highest by 75%.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.42-51
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• 1981

Boron was predeposited into p (100) Si wafer at 94$0^{\circ}C$ for 60minutes to make the back surface field. High tempreature diffusion process at 1145$^{\circ}C$ for 3 hours was immediately followed without removing boron glass to obtain high surface concentration Back boron was annealed at 110$0^{\circ}C$ for 40minutes after boron glass was removed. N+ layer was formed by predepositing with POCI3 source at 90$0^{\circ}C$ for 7~15 minutes and annealed at 80$0^{\circ}C$ for 60min1es under dry Of ambient. The triple metal layers were made by evaporating Ti, Pd, Ag in that order onto front and back of diffused wafer to form the front grid and back electrode respectively. Silver was electroplated on front and back to increase the metal thickness form 1~2$\mu$m to 3~4$\mu$m and the metal electrodes are alloyed in N2 /H2 ambient at 55$0^{\circ}C$ and followed by silicon nitride antireflection film deposition process. Under artificial illumination of 100mW/$\textrm{cm}^2$ fabricated N+PP+ cells showed typically the open circuit voltage of 0.59V and short circuit current of 103 mA with fill factor of 0.80 from the whole cell area of 3.36$\textrm{cm}^2$. These numbers can be used to get the actual total area(active area) conversion efficiency of 14.4%(16.2%) which has been improved from the provious N+P cell with 11% total area efficiency by adding P+ back.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.543-547
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• 1990

Diurnal courses of $CO_2$ concentration and air temperature in the rice seedbed tunnel covered with polyethylene film, subjected to three different ventilation methods, were traced. Regaredless of ventilation methods, $CO_2$ concentrations in the tunnel on a clear day were lower than that in ambient air, and vice versa before dawn. $CO_2$ concentration during the day was lowest in the tunnel with non-ventilation (NV), followed by horizontal slit ventilation (HSV) and traditional one(TN), reaching down to the lowest level of 58ppm, 155ppm and 272ppm, respectively. Air temperature in the tunnel reached 46$^{\circ}C$ in NV, 37$^{\circ}C$ in HSV and 32$^{\circ}C$ in TV at the daytime when ambient air temperature was 22$^{\circ}C$. Even at night time of ambient air temperature below 15$^{\circ}C$, HSV was more effective than TV in raising the air temperature in the tunnel. The dry weight of 40-day old seedling weighed heaviest in HSV, followed by TV and NV.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.17 no.4 s.38
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• pp.41-53
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• 2005

This study evaluated middle school teachers' perceptions and demands for changing in Food and Nutrition sections of Home Economics and also identified variables related. Teachers expressed unfavorable attitudes to the usefulness of contents in real life, and clearly perceived the importance of a basic theory of nutrition in general and adolescency among 12 items related with Food and Nutrition section. Most of the teachers pointed the way in which textbooks are described and organized were heavily oriented into lectures, more than creative discussion and diverse activities. The insufficient materials for teaching-learning were also pointed as barriers in improving the level of quality of Food and Nutrition sections in middle school Home Economics textbooks. Teachers had strong beliefs that textbooks, based on 7th National Curriculum, should be changed and improved not only in contents but also in organizations. Cognition of teachers on the appropriateness, in terms of quantity of contents, competitiveness for developing students' capacity. level of quality, and interests among students and teachers, was consistent and independent indicator of their needs for changing. These results suggest that the next textbook should include more materials for teaching-learning designed to expand students' capacities and develop critical thinking skills. Effective educational curriculum should integrate sufficient activities together with detailed instructions. Creative activities may allow students to learn and connect these activities to the contents in Food and Nutrition section of Home Economics curriculum.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.56 no.3
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• pp.258-268
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• 2018

Purpose: This study systematically examines literatures on the suitability of prostheses and accuracy of obtained impressions to see if digital impressions using intraoral scanners can replace traditional impressions. Materials and methods: A MEDLINE/PubMed search and manual search was performed for studies written in English about accuracy of digital impression published in dental journals from August 1, 1997, to July 31, 2017. Depending on criteria, the data for the selected articles were independently organized into standardized spreadsheets by 2 reviewers. Results: Among the total 35 studies met the inclusion criteria, there were 26 studies comparing the suitability of prostheses, and 9 studies comparing the accuracy of impressions through scan data without prostheses. Most studies used prostheses to compare the accuracy of impression techniques. Conclusion: This review suggests that making single crown or mesio-distally short prostheses with digital impressions is clinically reliable in natural teeth. However, there is still a limit to making mesio-distally long prostheses with digital impressions from the lack of related studies. Digital impression cannot fully replace traditional impressions in implant prostheses yet.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.96 no.3
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• pp.317-324
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• 2007

This study was carried out to obtain the several data for improving the seed supply in Pinus densiflora. Seed characteristics and germination properties according to change of cone production from 2003 to 2006 were analyzed in three plus stands of P. densiflora. P. densiflora showed good production at interval of two years in the periodicity of seed production. Seed potential and percent of filled seed (PFS) among the major seed characteristics showed positive relations to the change of cone production, whereas percent of developed seed (PDS) and seed efficiency showed opposite trend. As a result of regression analysis between seed characteristics and cone production, seed potential ($R^2=0.682$, p<0.01) and PFS ($R^2=0.161$, non-significant) presented positive correlation with cone production while PDS ($R^2=0.418$, p$R^2=0.308$, non-significant) presented negative correlation. In germination properties percent of germination (PG) showed similar tendency to cone production, while mean germination time (MGT) showed opposite tendency. As a result of regression analysis between germination characteristics and cone production, PG showed positive correlation, whereas MGT showed negative correlation. Therefore, we could expect high germination percentage and short period for germination when we harvested cones at good cone production time.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.365-372
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• 2020

This study was conducted to compare the effects of foliar spray and sub-irrigation of the triazole fungicide diniconazole on the regulation of stem elongation and to investigate the stimulation of root system development during the seedling stage. Comparing the two application approaches, there were significant differences in the leaf area, leaf area ratio (LAR), plant height, compactness, fresh shoot and root production, relative growth rate (RGR), and root to shoot ratio (R/S). At the same application concentration, the sub-irrigation showed a better retarding effect on growth than the foliar spray, because the PGR activity of diniconazole in root absorption was higher than that in shoot absorption. For reaching a target of 20% to 30% inhibition rate of stem length, foliar application concentration of diniconazole exceeded 10, however, only approximately 1 was required in the sub-irrigation application. The root system of tomato seedlings responded strongly to diniconazole application. Total root length, root volume, root average diameter, and the number of root tips increased when diniconazole was sub-irrigation application at 1. A reduction in fine roots (diameter range of 0 to 0.3 mm) and an increase in the roots with a diameter range of 0.3 to 0.6 mm was observed, and this may contribute to the increase in average diameter. The increase in root average diameter may be positive because root penetration increases with root diameter. Our results suggested that sub-irrigation maximized the PGR activity of diniconazole to enhance the retarding effect. And it also possible to enhance the tomato seedling root system by diniconazole stimulating with a lower concentration.