• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.15-26
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• 2011

Game level design is a collaborative work to create a virtual world for a computer game including maps, agents, monsters, objects, players and events based on predefined its game scenario. It is a promising collaborative design application. The game level design generally requires much time and cost, as the size of its target game space becomes huge. However, traditional game level design tools do not provide concurrency control mechanisms among multiple participating game designers. They do not provide consistency of undo and redo mechanisms for erroneous collaborative tasks during iterative modifications and updates of collaborative tasks among multiple designers. In this paper, we propose a concurrency control and a collaborative editing mechanism to enhance productivity of the collaborative game level design. The proposed system provides hierarchical structures of shared objects and a concurrency control mechanism for each object. The proposed system also provides a consistent undo and redo mechanism to enhance modifications and updates on intermediate results of the level design procedures.

• Bulletin of the Korean Space Science Society
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.50-50
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• 2003

본 연구에서는 행성 근접통과(Gravity Assist, Swingby, Flyby)를 이용한 행성간 탐사선의 궤도를 설계할 수 있는 알고리즘 개발을 자체적으로 수행하였다. 미 항공우주국(NASA)에서는 이를 이용한 행성간 탐사선의 궤도에 관한 연구를 이미 1950년대부터 시작하여 왔으며, 1973년 Mariner 10호가 한번에 두 행성, 금성과 수성을 탐사하는데 성공하였다. 행성간 임무에 있어서 행성 근접통과를 적절하게 이용한다면 임무 수행시 요구되는 에너지를 최소화 시킬 수 있어 발사비용의 절감효과와 함께 한번의 발사로 여러 행성의 탐사가 가능하여 임무의 효율성을 증대 시킬 수 있다. 행성 근접통과를 이용한 행성 탐사선의 궤도설계를 위해서는 근접 통과하는 행성(Flyby planet)에서의 진입속도벡터( $V_{\infty}$$^{ -}$) 및 출발속도벡터( $V_{\infty}$$^{+}$)의 크기, 근접 통과시의 비행 고도(Flyby altitude), 근접 통과 행성과의 충돌여부 분석(B-plane analysis), 최종적으로 도착하고자 하는 행성(Target planet)의 위치 등 많은 제한조건이 고려되어야 한다. 연구된 알고리즘의 결과를 미 항공우주국 (NASA)의 임무였던 Mariner 10호의 결과와 비교하여 보았으며, 우리나라가 향후 목성으로 탐사선을 보낸다고 가정하였을 경우, 행성 근접통과를 이용한 탐사선의 발사시기(Launch Window), 요구되는 발사 에너지(C3)값, 그리고 각각에 따른 궤적들을 산출하여 보았다. 이미 기술 개발을 완료한 국가들이 관련 기술의 제휴를 기피하고 있는 현 상황에서 이와 관련된 연구는 우주개발의 시대를 열고 있는 우리나라의 우주개발관련 기초 기술 분야를 위해 선행 연구되어야 할 부분이다. 기초 기술 분야를 위해 선행 연구되어야 할 부분이다.다.향을 해석하고 시뮬레이션 하였다.Device Controller)는 ECU로부터 명령어를 받아서 arm 및 safe 상태에 대한 텔리 메트리 데이터를 제공한다 그리고, SAR(Solar Array Regulator)는 ECU로부터 Bypass Relay 및 ARM Relay에 관한 명령어를 받아 수행되며 그에 따른 텔리 메트리 데이터를 제공한다. 마지막으로 EPS 소프트웨어를 검증하는 EPS Software Verification을 수행하였다 전력계 소프트웨어의 설계의 검증 부분은 현재 설계 제작된 전력계 .소프트웨어의 동작 특성 이 위성 의 전체 운용개념과 연계하여 전력계 소프트웨어가 전력계 및 위성체의 요구조건을 만족시키는지를 확인하는데 있다. 전력계 운용 소프트웨어는 배터리의 충ㆍ방전을 효율적으로 관리해 3년의 임무 기간동안 위성체에 전력을 공급할 수 있도록 설계되어 있다this hot-core has a mass of 10sR1 which i:s about an order of magnitude larger those obtained by previous studies.previous studies.업순서들의 상관관계를 고려하여 보다 개선된 해를 구하기 위한 연구가 요구된다. 또한, 준비작업비용을 발생시키는 작업장의 작업순서결정에 대해서도 연구를 행하여, 보완작업비용과 준비비용을 고려한 GMMAL 작업순서문제를 해결하기 위한 연구가 수행되어야 할 것이다.로 이루어 져야 할 것이다.태를 보다 효율적으로 증진시킬 수 있는 대안이 마련되어져야 한다고 사료된다.$\ulcorner$순응$\lrcorner$의 범위를 벗어나지 않는다. 그렇기 때문에도 $\ulcorner$순응$\lrcorner$과 $\ulcorner$표현$\lrcorner$의 성격과 형태를 외형상으로 더욱이 공간상에서는 뚜렷하

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.1377-1387
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• 2013

Most embankment of the reservoirs (99.1 %) have been constructed in the earth filled type in Korea because the construction of this type is less expensive and simpler than others such as concrete one. However, it has to be reinforced the slope to prevent the breach due to overtopping or piping under unexpected flood conditions. This study has been analyzed the retardation effect using three types (L, T, $L^*$ shape) of stiffener in order to reinforce embankment when they are collapsed by overtopping flow. Experimental results showed that L-type stiffener is the most effective in delaying the breaching of embankment and reducing the soil erosion when compared with others. The reinforced embankment breaching showed that time delay was occurred about 1.73 to 2.29 times and the peak flowrate was reduced compared to non-stiffener embankments due to energy dissipation by collision and less soil erosion. The embankment breaching mostly leads to major damages because of the lack of repair time. Thus, since these stiffeners can resist the rapid breach, it would be possible to earn the time to emergency repair and lifesaving, as well as reduction of damages of embankment in downward region with decreasing peak flowrate. Results from this study would be used for the basis when establishing the emergency action plan for the reservoirs on the verge of hazard.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.8
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• pp.401-407
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• 2017

The movie content, which is more firmly established as the best popular art, is the main entertainment content that reflects the current trend based on the most common contents and consensus on the culture of the global community. However, since modern films are more sensitive to popular tastes that appeal to amusement and stimulating emotions, reduction of opportunities for intellectual pleasure through appreciation of artistic expressions is inevitable and unavoidable. In this paper, however, we try to analyze the symbolic meaning of the short in the film, to grasp the inner nature of the film projected in the film, and ultimately to express the theme message. Effective symbolism exposes emotions to create moods and moods, and to express deeply with the audience, expressing the inner psychological state and will of the person. By conveying the meaning behind the surface image to the audience unconsciously, it is possible to transmit the message intentionally more effectively and strongly. In addition, it can be expected to create effects such as an associative action or an increase in contrast energy on the screen through collision of irony and image in the expectant emotion composition of the audience.

• Journal of Science and Technology Studies
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.145-180
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• 2013

STS studies into science documentaries for television are rare, and they do not even reflect the constructivist fruits of STS. STS have been calling for the need of analyzing 'science-in-the-making' in order to understand science more deeply. Similarly, our starting point is the assumption that science documentary can be better understood when we look into its making process. Under this assumption, we adopted the method of participant observation in analyzing 'documentary practice', trying to open the 'black box' called 'science documentary'. We have here focused on the documentary named "Light" made by a scientific documentary team of EBS, who made "Culture and Mathematics" and "Life". Each of us worked as a main consultant and an assistant staff in making "Light". We will address two main points in this study. First, based on our participant observation and interviews, we will show that the members of documentary making team are thinking about 'science' in distinctive ways. The team tended to emphasize visualization, knowledge linked to people's everyday life, and the distinctive characters of scientists who appear in the documentary. Second, by looking closely into the interaction between the team members and the consultant in the process of completing the script of the documentary, it was possible to understand how the contents of the documentary was constructed more accurately. In the making process, consultant's idea was not simply accepted by the making team, but there were conflicts and compromises. By showing this, we will be able to bring up a reflexive question about the role of consultant in the process of making a science documentary.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.58-69
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• 2002

Most of the traffic accidents are a rear-end collision and a clash generated in the signalized intersection on the local roads. So, it is demanded that the high-quality of signal control and dilemma zone control. According to the cases generated by foreign countries, we established the strategies which are composed of Volume-Density Control, strategy of the dilemma zone control using R-detector (microwave detector) In Japan and EC-DC Control. MOEs(Measure of effectiveness) are car numbers in the dilemma zone , max-out probability in the safe side and the average stopping delay in the progress side. We choose a signalized intersection in rural highway to analyze the effect of the strategies and practiced an on-the-spot survey. The result of the survey is applied to the basic data in the simulator. Consequently, strategy of the dilemma zone control using R-detector(microwave detector) in Japan is the best effective in the safe side and EC-DC control is the best in the progress side. Based on the result, we developed the effective strategy of the signal control . This strategy is composed of the strategy of Japan and the detector on the stopping line used in the EC-DC control. On the result of the analysis, new strategy is the best effective in two sides.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.54 no.6
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• pp.55-64
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• 2017

High-capacity, high-definition image applications need to process considerable amounts of data at high speed. Accordingly, users of these applications demand a high-speed parallel execution system. To increase the speed of a parallel execution system, Park (2004) proposed a technique, called MAMS (Multi-Access Memory System), to access data in several execution units without the conflict of parallel processing memories. Since then, many studies on MAMS have been conducted, furthering the technique to MAMS-PP16 and MAMS-PP64, among others. As a memory architecture for parallel processing, MAMS must be constructed in one chip; therefore, a method to achieve the identical functionality as the existing MAMS while minimizing the architecture needs to be studied. This study proposes a method of miniaturizing the MAMS architecture in which the architectures of the ACR (Address Calculation and Routing) circuit and MMS (Memory Module Selection) circuit, which deliver data in memories to parallel execution units (PEs), do not use the MMS circuit, but are constructed as one shift and conditional statements whose number is the same as that of memory modules inside the ACR circuit. To verify the performance of the realized architecture, the study conducted the processing time of the proposed MAMS-PP64 through an image correlation test, the results of which demonstrated that the ratio of the image correlation from the proposed architecture was improved by 1.05 on average.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2019.05a
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• pp.253-253
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• 2019

유사의 이동은 하천, 해안 지역과 같은 수계에서 하상의 변동, 침식과 퇴적을 일으켜 지형적인 변화를 초래한다. 유사의 이동은 유사의 특성과 유체의 유수동역학적 특성에 의해 결정되며 유체특성 간의 복잡한 상호 작용에 의해 변화한다. 유사가 가지는 점착성은 유사의 특성에 큰 영향을 끼친다. 입자의 크기가 매우 작은 점착성 유사는 그 표면이 가지는 전자기적 점착력에 의해 주위의 1차 입자나 다른 작은 알갱이들이 서로 뭉치는 응집과 충돌에 의해 크기가 작아지는 파괴의 과정을 겪는다. 이 과정을 응집현상이라고 하며 응집현상을 통해 점착성 유사의 크기와 밀도, 침강속도는 계속해서 변화한다. 따라서 점착성 유사의 응집거동 고려한 유사 이동 연구는 필수적이다. 과거 연구의 많은 사례에서 유사의 크기와 농도는 비례 관계를 가지는 것이 일반적이라 알려져 있다. 그러나 실제 현장에서 측정한 결과 유사의 크기와 농도가 반비례 관계를 가지는 특이점이 발견되었다. 실측 연구에서 발견된 응집거동에 따른 유사의 특성의 특이한 변화를 설명하기 위해 1차원 연직 수치 모형(1DV)을 이용하여 수치 실험을 수행하였다. 모의 수행 시, 흐름 조건을 크기와 방향이 일정한 순방향흐름(Current)에 특정 주기와 진폭을 가지는 진동 흐름(Oscillatory Flow)을 추가하여 진행하였다. 플럭의 성장과 그에 따른 입자의 크기는 많은 현상에 영향을 받는다. 그 중 응집현상의 응집 과정과 파괴 과정 중 어떤 현상이 더 우세한지 그 경쟁관계를 파악하여 플럭의 크기의 증감을 예측할 수 있게 농도(?)와 난류소산매개변수(?)를 이용하여 $c/G^{0.5}$로 매개화하였다. 실험 결과, 순방향 흐름을 제외하고 스토크스파 흐름 조건을 이용하여 진행된 모의에서는 플럭의 크기와 농도가 반비례하는 현상을 관찰할 수 없었으며 $c/G^{0.5}$ 의 변화 역시 흐름의 속도와 농도가 더 큰 지점에서 큰 값을 가지는 일반적인 결과를 나타내었다. 그러나 같은 조건에서 순방향흐름을 추가하여 모의한 결과에서는 플럭의 크기와 농도가 반비례하는 현상을 나타냈다. 연직 방향 $c/G^{0.5}$의 변화를 나타낸 그래프에서 응집과 파괴의 우세에 따라 $c/G^{0.5}$ 가 역전되는 현상을 확인하였다. 즉, 플럭의 크기는 난류의 구조와 그 영향에 의해 농도와 비례관계를 갖지 않을 수도 있다고 판단된다. 또한 본 연구에서 정상류 흐름 조건의 유무에 따라 플럭의 크기와 농도가 비례하거나 반비례하는 상반된 결과를 보였다. 정상류 흐름 조건이 난류의 강도에 큰 역할을 하며 이에 따라 비선형 관계에 영향을 끼친다는 것을 발견하였다. 그러나 흐름의 영향에 대한 더 자세한 분석은 본 연구에서 진행되지 않았으며 향후 연구 시에 분명히 고려되어야 할 사항이다.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.50
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• pp.131-172
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• 2018

It is noted that nowadays, the bride wealth custom takes an extremely distorted form in African society. Such a phenomenon is a result that the male-dominant culture, Western religions, and capitalist economic system have been negatively combined into dynamic factors seen as bride wealth. This means that the concept of bride wealth has been incessantly reconstructed in the middle of clash and conflict of tradition and modernity. There is also little doubt that the practice is inextricably tangled with the common and current ways of livelihood, early marriage, polygyny, kinship/family structure, poverty, and migration labor. Bride wealth has become an increasingly commercialized element under a capitalist economic system. Accordingly, its traditional symbolism is seen to be subsequently weakening, whereas a tendency towards the reification of women is strengthening more in modern society that embraces modern customs bent on the protection of women's human rights. Its commercialization has produced a result, which instigates the noted violations of women's basic human rights, gender inequality, and promotion of domestic violence. The ways that people perceive bride wealth vary according to their own sex, generation, stratification, and ethnic background. Those people who negatively recognize bride wealth will increase with the deepening of its commercialization due to the influence of capitalism. Its color and effect will deepen and depend on how its agents correspond to socioeconomic changes. They will constantly reinterpret and reconstruct it within their own environments, but the basic human rights efforts are constantly under review by concerned individuals seeking to promote equality for women as a global effort.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.409-418
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• 2019

Debris flows occur in mountainous areas due to heavy rains resulting from climate change and result in disasters in the downstream area. The purpose of this study is to estimate the impact force of a debris flow when a check dam according is installed in various locations in the channel of a highly mountainous area. A Finite Differential Element Method (FDM) model was used to simulate the erosion and deposition based on the equation for the mass conservation and momentum conservation while considering the continuity of the fluid. The peak impact force from the debris flow occurred at 0 to 5 sec and 15 to 20 sec. When the supplied water discharge was increased, greater peak impact force was generated at 16 to 19 sec. This means that when increasing the water supply, the velocity of the debris flow became faster, which results in increased energy of the consolidation between the particles of the water and the sediment made. If a number of check dams were to be set up, it would be necessary to investigate the impact force at each location of the check dam. The results of this study could provide useful information in predicting the impact force of the debris flow and in installing the check dams in appropriate locations.