• Title/Summary/Keyword: 추체

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Early Life History of the Marine Animals 1. Egg Development, Larvae and Juveniles of Chaenogobius laevis (Steindachner) (해산동물의 초기생활사에 관한 연구 1. 미끈날망둑, Chaenogobius laevis (Steindachner)의 난발생과 자치어)

  • KIM Yong Uk;HAM Kyeong Ho
    • Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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    • v.22 no.5
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    • pp.317-331
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    • 1989
  • Chaenogobius laevis inhabit brackish waters. Adult male protects egg mass laid under the stones. The egg with small oil globule varied from 3.40 to 4.04 mm in diameter. When water temperature is $22.0\~23.0^{\circ}C$, larvae hatched about 113 hours after fertilization. The newly hatched larvae reared for 33 days grow up to 12.10 mm in total length and developed to the jevenile. When larvae length attained about 8.0 mm, jaw bones were more rapidly ossified than vertebrae and cranium.

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Evaluation of quantitative on T-spine exhalation technique and T-spine breathing technique of natural breathing (T-spine exhalation technique과 자연스런 호흡 상태에서 촬영하는 T-spine breathing technique의 정량적 평가)

  • Son, Soon-Yong;Choi, Kwan-Woo;Min, Jung-Whan;Son, Jin-Hyun;Kim, Ki-Won;Jung, Jae-Hong;Jeong, Hoi-Woun
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.14 no.9
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    • pp.4429-4436
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    • 2013
  • Measurements of CNR(Contrast to Noise Ratio) and SNR(Signal to Noise Ratio) of T-spine breathing technique (TBT) using spontaneous breathing and T-spine exhalation technique (TET) with full exhalation were carried out, and with which the more appropriate method was suggested. Both TBT and TET were examined in a sample of fifty-three patients who visit to our hospital for spinal disease from June 2012 to November 2012. All images were evaluated with CNR measured from the differences between the mean pixels and contrast density as setting ROI of spinous process, pedicle, vertebral body, intervertebral foramen, and intervertebral disk using Image J. SNR was measured with the mean pixels and the standard deviation as setting ROI of vertebral body using Image J. In CNR comparison and SNR comparison of TET and TBT, TBT was indicated as excellent in ROI of pedicle, vertebral body, intervertebral foramen and intervertebral disk, and statistical analysis were significant(p<.01). As TBT indicated excellent images compared to the existing T-spine lateral radiography, T-spine lateral radiography would be reestablished and significant as applying to various medical institutions.

Bradykinesia, Rigidity and Gait Disturbance Due to "Possible" Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus in a Patient with Anxiety and Bipolar Disorder : A Case Report (불안, 기분장애로 치료 중 보행장애 외에 서동과 강직을 동반한 정상뇌압수두증 증례)

  • Jang, Sae Heon;Jae, Young Myo;Choi, Jin Hyuk;Bae, Jung Hoon;Seong, Sang Yoon;Cho, Se Hoon;Kim, Young Hoon
    • Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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    • v.23 no.1
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    • pp.66-69
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    • 2015
  • In addition to classical triad such as gait disturbance, urinary incontinence and dementia, parkinsonian extrapyramidal motor signs and neuropsychiatric symptoms can be observed in patients with normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH). In our case, a 46 year old female patient showed extrapyramidal symptoms such as bradykinesia, rigidity and neuropsychiatric symptoms such as agitation, anxiety, restlessness and regressed behavior beside two(gait disturbance & urinary incontinence) symptoms of three classical triad. It was difficult to diagnose this patient as NPH from the beginning because of her relatively young age and previous psychiatric mediation history for controlling advanced anxiety and affective disorder. Antiparkinsonian agents and discontinuation of psychiatric medications did not work for this patient. Patient's brain computed tomographic finding showed enlarged ventricles. We suspected NPH and did empirical drainage of 30mL CSF. Finally, patient's pyramidal and neuropsychiatric symptoms as well as two of three classical triad of NPH were improved dramatically within several days. It is important to consider NPH as one of the differential diagnosis in patient with parkinsonian symptoms and various neuropsychiatric symptoms who did not respond to usual clinical management especially in case of ventricular enlargement in neuroimaging because of its treatable property by CSF shunt operation.

Analysis of the Risk Factors for Posterior Migration of Single Cage after Transforminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion (경추간공 요추 추체간 유합술 후 단일 케이지 후방이동의 위험인자에 대한 분석)

  • Ko, Young-Chul;Ha, Dong-Jun;Park, Man-Jun;Huh, Jung-Wook;Park, Joon-Hyung;Lee, Woo-Myung
    • Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association
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    • v.54 no.3
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    • pp.237-243
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    • 2019
  • Purpose: To analyze the risk factors for posterior migration of a single cage after transforminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF). Materials and Methods: This study was conducted retrospectively on 48 patients (60 discs) who were followed-up for 1 year after TLIF from January 2015 to January 2017. The patients were divided into two groups: group 1 containing 16 patients (17 discs) with cage migration and group 2 containing 32 patients (43 discs) without it. Information related to cage migration, such as the demographic factors, shape of disc, level and location of the cage inserted, and disc height change, was acquired from the medical records and radiologic images, and the possibility for generating posterior migration of cage was evaluated statistically. Results: The demographic factors and cage-inserted level were similar in the two groups (16 patients in group 1, 32 patients in group 2). In the migration group, number of patients with a pear-type disc, 9 patients, was significantly larger; the disc height change, 1.8 mm, was significantly smaller; and the cage was located frequently on non-center in the anteriorposterior view and center in the lateral view in 9 and 15 out of 16 patients, respectively. Conclusion: A pear-type disc shape, small disc height change, cage with non-center on the anteriorposterior view and non-anterior on the lateral view are the risk factors for posterior migration. These factors are important for preventing posterior migration of the cage.

Minimally Invasive Lateral Lumbar Interbody Fusion: Indications, Outcomes and Complications (최소 침습적 외측 요추간 유합술: 적응증, 결과, 합병증)

  • Soh, Jaewan;Lee, Jae Chul
    • Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association
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    • v.54 no.3
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    • pp.203-210
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    • 2019
  • The aim of this review was to evaluate minimally invasive lateral lumbar interbody fusion on the latest update. Lumbar interbody fusion was introduced recently. This study performed, a literature review of the indications, clinical outcomes, fusion rate, and complications regarding recently highlighted minimally invasive lateral lumbar interbody fusion. The indications of lateral lumbar interbody fusion are similar to the conventional anterior and posterior interbody fusion in degenerative lumbar diseases. In particular, lateral lumbar interbody fusion is an effective minimally invasive surgery in spinal stenosis, degenerative spondylolisthesis, degenerative adult deformity, degenerative disc disease and adjacent segment disease. In addition, the clinical outcomes and fusion rates of lateral lumbar interbody fusion are similar compared to conventional lumbar fusion. On the other hand, non-specific complications including hip flexor weakness, nerve injury, vascular injury, visceral injury, cage subsidence and pseudohernia have been reported. Lateral lumbar interbody fusion is a very useful minimally invasive surgery because it has advantages over conventional anterior and posterior interbody fusion without many of the disadvantages. Nevertheless, nonspecific complications during lateral lumbar interbody fusion procedure remain a challenge to be improved.

Relationship of Estrogen to Extrapyramidal Symptoms in Female Schizophrenic Patients (여자 정신분열병 환자에서 혈중 에스트로겐 농도와 추체외로 증상과의 관계)

  • Chung, Dong Seon;Jung, Hee Yeon;Kwon, Young Joon;Park, In Joon;Han, Sun Ho;Jung, Han Yong
    • Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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    • v.8 no.1
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    • pp.147-152
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    • 2001
  • Objective : It has been thought that estrogen has neuroleptic like effect in women schizophrenic patients. This study aimed to investigate neuroleptic side-effects severity in women with schizophrenia and to investigate their putative association with variations in sex steroids over menstrual cycle. Based on the estrogen theory, The author hypothesized that parkinsonian side-effects would be exacerbated when estrogen levels were high. Method : 26 schizophrenic women were assessed using the ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale) and estrogen analysis. Tests were conducted twice, in the mid luteal and mid follicular phase. Result : It was hypothesized that high level of estrogen would lead to an exacerbation of parkinsonian side-effects but the results indicated that parkinsonian side effects decreased overall when estrogen levels were high. This effects were more marked for the group taking typical neuroleptics than those taking atypical neuroleptics. Conclusion : The results of this study suggest that estrogen and progesteron may reduce the severity of neuroleptic induced extrapyramidal side effects over menstrual cycle in women with schizophrenia. It was concluded that estrogen has different effects on dopamine dynamics in the mesolimbic and mesostriatal pathways according to estrogen, progesteron, catecol estrogen, prolactine.

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Studies on the Larvae and Juveniles of Flying Fish, Prognichthys agoo (Temminck et Schlegel) (Pisces, Exocoetidae) (날치의 자치어에 관한 연구 II. 자치어의 골격발달)

  • PARK Yang-Sung;KIM Yong Uk
    • Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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    • v.20 no.5
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    • pp.447-456
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    • 1987
  • The osteological development of the larvae and juveniles of Prognichthys agoo was examined on the laboratory-roared materials of 5.06-20.01 mm in mean total length(MTL). Cranium, vertebrae, caudal skeleton, siloulder girdle bone, pelvic girdle bone, pterygiophore and jaw bones were descriued in detail to examine the sequences of ossification. Ossification of the cranium took place at ca. 5.06 mm of MTL in exoccipital, basioccipital, parasphenoid. Ossification of the visceral skeleton occurred in areas where active movements of bones were required, notably in the parts for feeding and respiration. Vertebrae began to develop from the anterior end and to ossify posteriorly. Neural and haemal spines of vertebrae ossified always prior to the corresponding centra. Urostyle bone developed as an elongated bone from the early larvae and ossified prior to the centra caudal part. In jaw bones, maxillary and a part of dentary appeared first at 5.06 mm of MTL and attained a fundamental structure at 9.30 mm of MTL. Ossification of all bones was nearly completed at ca. 20.01 mm of MTL.

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Histological Observation of Canine Acupoints (개에서 경혈의 조직학적 관찰)

  • Kim Myung-Cheol;Nam Tchi-Chou;Kim Moo-Kang;Kim Jong-Man;Kim Duck-Hwan;Lee Kyoung-Youl;Song Chi-Won;Park Chang-Sik
    • Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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    • v.23 no.2
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    • pp.102-104
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    • 2006
  • The purpose of this study was to document the histology of canine acupoints. Acupunctural needles were inserted by 0.5 to 1 cm depth into acupoints Nei-guan (Inner pass, PC06), Gan-shu (Liver Association Point, BL18), Shen-shu (Kidney Association Point, BL23) and Pangguang-shu (Bladder Association Point, BL28) in 4 dogs, and the tissues around the acupoints were examined. Light microscopy was used to observe the surrounding structures of each point. Nerve fibres, small vessels and muscle spindles were found around the tip of the needle in every case, although they occurred not so often at nonacupoint in nearby region or nonacupoint in the areas, such as skin, subcutaneous tissue and muscle. Therefore, it is suggested that nerve fibres, small vessels and muscle spindles may be potential acupoint receptors.

Clipping of Basilar Trunk Aneurysm - Case Report - (뇌기저동맥 체간부에 발생한 뇌동맥류 결찰술 - 증례보고 -)

  • Yang, Tai-Ki;Kim, Chul-Jin;Ahn, Byung-Jo
    • Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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    • v.30 no.sup1
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    • pp.128-132
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    • 2001
  • Aneurysm of the basilar artery trunk are rare and the surgical approach is very difficult because of the complexity of surgical anatomy around the basilar trunk and the vulnerable adjacent neurovascular structures. The development of brain CT and MRI makes the accurate diagnosis and produces the improvement of surgical approaches at the lesion of the skull base. One of the surgical approaches of basilar trunk aneurysms, the retrolabyrinthine presigmoid transtentorial transpetrosal approach to the aneurysm of the basilar trunk has some advantages of minimal retraction of cerebellum and temporal lobe, intact auditory and facial nerve function by the preservation of the vestibulocochlear and facial nerves, a preservation of sigmoid sinus and vein of Labbe and a relatively good operation field. We had a good result with this approach for the patient of basilar trunk aneurysm and reported the case with the review of literatures.

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Age and Growth of the Yellow Goosefish, Lophius litulon (한국근해 황아귀, Lophius litulon의 연령과 성장)

  • CHA Byung-Yul;PARK Yeong-Chull;HUH Sung-Hoi
    • Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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    • v.31 no.4
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    • pp.529-534
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    • 1998
  • Age and growth of the yellow goosefish, Lophius litulon, were studied using samples collected from the southwestern waters of Korea. Vertebrae of the fish had relatively clear annuli on their surface. The opaque zone of vertebrae was formed once a year between March and April. The oldest fish observed in this study was 8 years old for females and 5 years old for males. The relationship between the radius (R) of vertebral centrum and total length (L) was as follows: L=12.7+4.8R for females and L=9.8+5.6R for males. The relationship between total length and body weight (W) was as follows : $W=0.0089L^{3.0311}$ for females and $W=0.0329L^{2.7752}$ for males. Growth in length of the fish was expressed by the von Bertalanffy's equation as $L_t=127.60(1-e^{-0.1228(t+0.3851)})$ for females and $L_t=82.23(1-e^{-0.1832(t+0.6431)})$ for males.

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