• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2005.04a
• /
• pp.187-191
• /
• 2005

The Study was carried out to investigate in the optimal mycelial growth and Exo-Polysaccharides of Fomitopsis pinicola. Jar fermentations were carried out to optimize the culture conditions for mycelial growth and exo- polysaccharide production. The optimal agitation speed and aeration rate were 200 rpm and 1.5 v.v.m., respectively. Under optimal culture conditions, the maximum mycelial growth and exo-polysaccharide production after 11 days with a 5 L jar fermenter containing the optimized medium were 10.21 g/L and 3.56 g/L, respectively. However, the fundamental information obtained this study is insufficient in the development of a efficient process for mycelial growth and exe-polysaccharide production from Fomitopsis pinicola.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2007.06a
• /
• pp.709-712
• /
• 2007

폐차잔재를 시멘트제조공정의 열원으로 활용하기 위해서는 연료로 사용하기 위한 경제성과 더불어 시멘트제조공정 및 품질 그리고 환경기준을 만족해야 한다. 따라서 폐차잔재의 최적투입방법과 폐차잔재의 연소시 염소물질의 거동특성에 대한 연구가 선행되어야만 한다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 폐차잔재의 시멘트 킬른 현장적용에 따른 위험요소와 시행착오를 최소화하기 위하여 최적 연료화 조건에 대한 전산모사 연구를 하였으며 전산모사의 대상공정으로는 폐차잔재가 투입될 Precalciner와 염소제어를 위하여 Bypass unit가 설치될 Precalciner의 하단부 그리고 Cyclone을 선정하여 입자 및 가스상의 거동 특성을 고찰하였다. 본 연구로부터 폐차잔재의 투입위치로는 현재의 석탄 투입위치를 활용하는 것이 효과적일 것으로 판단되었으며 Precalciner의 하단부에 대한 가스상 및 입자상의 거동특성을 활용하여 Bypass unit를 설치할 최적의 위치를 선정할 수 있었다. 또한 Cyclone의 입자 거동특성 결과로부터 염소 제어를 위한 각 Cyclone의 입자회수율에 대한 정보 및 공정의 개선 가능성을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
• /
• v.4 no.4
• /
• pp.185-192
• /
• 1999

In this paper. for $\pi$/4 and $\pi$/8 PSK. we proposed to condition to obtain coding gain increasing states, by design encoder of analytical method with minimal complexity in limited bandwidth and power channels. In order to improve the bit error rate(BER), comparing Ungerboeck designed the TCM. we propose MTCM(Multiple trellis-coded modulation) with multiplicity(k＝2), by optimum encoder design. By design encoder of analytical method. the trellis encoder can be minimal complexity and the decoder be used Viterbi decoder(MLSE). When compared to the TCM and MTCM with AWGN channels. the condition of performance enhancement of the MTCM with multiplicity(k＝2) is the case of parallel transition in TCM systems. without alternating data transmission rate in bandwidth and power limited channels.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
• /
• v.29 no.1
• /
• pp.63-71
• /
• 2024

Hydrothermal Reaction (HTR) was applied for the stabilization of contaminated soil with heavy metals, and then the test determined the optimal conditions for HTR. After HTR, the concentration of heavy metals in the contaminated soil increased. However, it was observed that the leachability potential significantly decreased as determined by TCLP and SPLP tests. This decrease was attributed to a decline in fractions 1-2 and an increase in fractions 3-4 as revealed by sequential extraction procedure. Due to the mineralogical characteristics of the dredged soil, distinct changes were not evident in the five-stage fraction. Therefore, it is deemed necessary to understand the chemical and mineralogical characteristics of the target soil for HTR application in order to selectively address contaminants. Comparison among operating conditions determined the optimal condition to be at 240℃ for one hour.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
• /
• v.35 no.7
• /
• pp.612-618
• /
• 2007

The dynamic behaviors of a KT-1 family aircraft nose landing gear have been analyzed and the optimal design of an aircraft shock absorber has been conducted to improve efficiency of shock energy absorption. The nose landing gear is modeled as a 2 DOF system using ADAMS and various operational and environmental landing conditions were considered. The results of dynamic simulation for various landing conditions agree well with experiments. Also the effect of parameters of a shock strut on the dynamic behaviors and on shock energy absorption of the nose landing gear has been evaluated for optimal design to define design variables. It has been found that the parameters of a shock strut such as oil-density and orifice area have more effects on dynamic behaviors than those of operation conditions. Optimal design is performed to maximize the efficiency of shock energy absorption using Feasible Direction Method. As a result the design values of the shock strut for maximum efficiency of shock energy absorption are derived and it turns out that efficiency and dynamic behaviors of the nose landing gear were improved by the optimal design.

• Journal of Aerospace System Engineering
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.71-78
• /
• 2024

During the initial thermal design process, determining the thermal effect of various design variables in a complex orbital thermal environment is time-consuming. To save time in the initial design phase, it is necessary to quickly derive optimal design parameters and predict the temperature. To address these challenges, Veritrek, a software specialized in optimal design using a reduced-order model (ROM), was released in 2018. In this paper, we utilized the Veritrek software to build a reduced-order model, conduct sensitivity analysis, and perform optimal design analysis for a graphite sheet-based cryogenic cooler thermal control system. The goal was to determine the optimal design values for the number of graphite sheet layers, radiator area, and thickness that would meet the allowable temperature of the cryogenic cooler.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.23-28
• /
• 2009

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of optimized environment conditions with growth stage in photoautotrophic micropropagation on the growth of potato (Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Dejima) plantlets and energy efficiency. Optimum environment conditions at each stage were decided in our previous study. For the evaluation of optimized environment control, potato plantlets were cultured under four different conditions: photoautotrophic optimum conditions of photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) and $CO_2$ levels with growth stage (POG), photoautotrophic constant condition with average PPFD and $CO_2$ levels (PCA), photoauototrophic constant condition with maximum PPFD and $CO_2$ levels (PCM), and photomixotrophic conventional condition with 3% sucrose (PMC) as control. As a result, environment control with growth stage (POG) significantly promoted all the growth characteristics such as the number of nodes and unfolded leaves, shoot height, shoot diameter, and fresh and dry weights of potato grown in vitro. In addition, based on dry weight consumed electricity and $CO_2$ were the lowest in POG suggesting the highest energy efficiency among the treatments. After transferring potato plantlets to greenhouse, the plantlets under POG showed vigorous growth, which was pretty similar with those under PMC. The accumulations of dry matter in POG were 4.7 times in vitro and 3.8 times in greenhouse as much as those in the conventional control (PCM). Thus, we concluded that in vitro environment control with growth stage induced vigorous growth of potato plantlets both in vitro and in greenhouse with less energy consumption.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
• /
• v.43 no.1
• /
• pp.91-98
• /
• 2016

The growth area of living modified (LM) cotton has steadily increased every year, since its first commercialization in 1996. Development of environmental risk assessment tools and techniques for LM cotton is required for ecosystem safety. We therefore developed multiplex PCR assays for simultaneous detection of two (MON15985, MON531) and four (GHB614, LLCOTTON25, MON88913 and MON1445) LM cotton events approved in Korea, with event specific primer pairs. The PCR reactions were optimized by using event specific primers of six LM cottons at various concentrations. The reactions allows amplification of estimated amplicons of MON15985 (214 bp), MON531 (270 bp), GHB614 (119 bp), LLCOTTON25 (164 bp), MON88913 (276 bp), and MON1445 (389 bp) from multiplex PCR reactions. The multiplex PCR assay developed allowed that two annealing steps (15 cycles at $55^{\circ}C$ and 25 cycles at $60^{\circ}C$) were performed for amplification of distinguished two LM cottons, and only one annealing step (50 cycles at $60^{\circ}C$) was necessary for tetraplex PCR. Primer extension step of all PCR reactions was skipped for time-effective amplification. Our methods suggest that two multiplex PCR assays can be cost-effective and a rapid diagnostic tool for environmental LMO monitoring of six LM cottons.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
• /
• v.29 no.6
• /
• pp.681-687
• /
• 2023

The selection technique for optimal operation position selection technique is used to present the initial bow and stern draft with minimum resistance, for achievingthat is, the optimal fuel consumption efficiency at a given operating displacement and speed. The main purpose of this studypaper is to develop a program to select the optimal operating position with maximum energy efficiency under given operating conditions based on the effective power data of the target ship. This program was written as a Python-based GUI (Graphic User Interface) usingbased on artificial intelligence techniques sucho that ship owners could easily use the GUIit. In the process, tThe introduction of the target ship, the collection of effective power data through computational fluid dynamics (CFD), the learning method of the effective power model using deep learning, and the program for presenting the optimal operation position using the deep neural network (DNN) model were specifically explained. Ships are loaded and unloaded for each operation, which changes the cargo load and changes the displacement. The shipowners wants to know the optimal operating position with minimum resistance, that is, maximum energy efficiency, according to the given speed of each displacement. The developed GUI can be installed on the ship's tablet PC and application and used to determineselect the optimal operating position.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Dyers and Finishers Conference
• /
• 2012.03a
• /
• pp.104-104
• /
• 2012

아웃도어용 스포츠웨어 의류분야는 소비자들의 욕구가 기능성, 착용감, 패션성을 매우 중시하는 고감성, 고기능성 제품특성을 요구하고 있으며 이를 가장 충족시킬 수 있는 패션 트랜드로서 보온, 경량화 제품이 가장 급부상하고 있는 아이템이다. 경량성의 쾌적 스포츠 웨어에 사용되는 주요 합섬소재인 PET, Nylon을 이용하여 소재의 세섬화, 중공 소재를 통한 제품 개발이 대부분으로 보온, 경량, 속건 등 의복에서의 쾌적 기능성을 개선하기 위하여 개발되는 소재 및 제품의 경량화, 보온 및 흡한속 건성 부여를 통한 기능 요소와 신질감 발현의 촉감요소를 통한 차별화 된 제품개발이 요구되고 있다. 보온 기능성을 부여하는 기술로써 가장 일반적인 기술은 섬유 내부에 중공을 형성하여 경량성과 보온성을 동시에 가지는 기능성 원사 제조 기술과 섬유 내에 열에너지를 흡수할 수 있는 물질을 넣어 외부의 태양광을 섬유내로 흡수하여 열에너지로 전환, 축적함으로서 보온성을 향상시키는 방식이 있다. 주로 경량 보온의 동시 발현을 위하여 중공 형성을 통한 보온 소재 개발이 활발하게 일어나고 있는 실정이다. 가장 많은 수요를 차지하고 있는 경량 보온성 중공사의 경우, 강도 저하, 염색 불량 등의 공정 애로점이 발생하며, 제직 및 가공 공정 시 원사 내 중공이 찌그러짐이 발생하므로 완제품 제조 후에는 중공의 기능이 제대로 발현되지 못하는 문제가 발생한다. 또한 알칼리 또는 용제를 사용하여 후용출 하는 중공사의 경우, 공정이 복잡함은 물론 환경에 유해한 공정이다. 특히, 감량 후 직물의 인열강도는 감량 전과 비교하여 감소하게 되는데 이는 이용성 polymer가 용출되면서 생긴 중공에 의해 섬도가 감소되어 강도가 저하됨을 알 수 있다. 따라서 Sheath 부분에 최대한 손상을 주지 않으면서 Core 부분을 완전 용출 시킬 수 있는 감량 조건을 확보할 필요가 있다. 이에 보온성, 경량성의 기능을 극대화시키고, 중공률 유지하는 최적 용출 가공 조건을 확립하고자 연구하였다.