• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.10
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• pp.125-132
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• 2019

Because the water exposed to shock waves caused by an underwater explosion cannot withstand the appreciable tension induced by the change in both pressure and velocity, the surrounding water is cavitated. This cavitating water changes the transferring circumstance of the shock loading. Three phenomena contribute to hull-plate damage; initial shock loading and its interaction with the hull plate, local cavitation, and local cavitation closure then shock reloading. Because the main concern of this paper is local cavitation due to a near-field underwater explosion, the water surface and the waves reflected from the sea bottom were not considered. A set of governing equations for the structure and the fluid were derived. A simple one-dimensional infinite plate problem was considered to verify this uncoupled solution approach compared with the analytic solution, which is well known in this area of interest. The uncoupled solution approach herein would be useful for obtaining a relatively high level of accuracy despite its simplicity and high computational efficiency compared to the conventional coupled method. This paper will help improve the understanding of fluid-structure interaction phenomena and provide a schematic explanation of the practical problem.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.11
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• pp.18-23
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• 2018

FPSO consists of topside modularized plants for production of crude oil, and hullside structures that serve as support for the topside and storage of produced crude oil. The structural behavior of the FPSO topside module and its supporting hull depends on the interface structure that connects them, and the interface structure consists of a combination of individual unit support structures called Module Support Seat (MSS). Types of interface structures are various and, accordingly, the basic design of the FPSO topside module structure is greatly influenced, so various design methods should be considered from the initial design phase. Structural design of FPSO topside module requires consideration of the number of MSSs, connection type, and structural analysis options such as the range of finite element models, load conditions, and boundary conditions for verification of structural strength. In this study, the comparison combination cases for the above considerations were derived and the strength evaluation was performed, and the structural behavior characteristics of the topside module were compared and analyzed through a detailed review of the analysis results. The results of this study are considered to be a good reference for designing a more reliable topside module structure.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.11
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• pp.541-549
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• 2018

This paper deals with the braking dynamic behavior of diesel electric locomotive pulling domestic cargo and passenger vehicles. Friction coefficient, pneumatic pressure, and running resistance affecting the braking system were tested. For the friction coefficient, the Dynamo test was performed with reference to UIC 541-4. The results are analyzed by multivariate regression and the relationship between braking force and ititial velocity is presented. The pneumatic pressure were classified into service braking and emergency braking. In order to reflect the characteristics of the brake valve and piping, the pressure rising over time was measured in the vehicle. In order to reflect the external force acting on the vehicle, we carried out the test of EN 14067-4 and presented the second order polynomial formula on a running resistance. The running resistance test results were compared with other countries. The dynamic behavior of a diesel electric locomotive running on a straight flat track based on vehicle resources, friction coefficient, braking pressure, and running resistance is simulated using the time integration presented in EN 14531-1. The simulation results were compared and verified with the vehicle braking test results. The results of this study can be used to analyze the dynamic braking behavior of a train. Also, it is expected that various parameters affecting braking in vehicle design can be analyzed and used as basic data for braking performance improvement.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.468-476
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• 2019

This paper presents the means of improving the strength of LTV's FRP structure for resolve and prevent quality problems. LTV secures enough kerb weight by applying FRP materials at hood and rear van assembly. However, because of FRP's inherent limitations, many initial quality problems such as crack at connections have occurred. Moreover, hood assy' is concerned about fall of endurance, because hood assy' have operated in abnormal condition. Therefore, this study executes lamination structure optimizations of FRP structure for improving bending strength. As a results, hood and rear van's bending strength at connections is improved 8.1 times and 1.5 times, respectively. Also hood assy's plate secures endurance life and improve 1.7 times of critical load about abnormal operating conditions through 1.4 times improvement of bending strength.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.12
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• pp.918-923
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• 2018

The main function of a fuel tank is to store fuel. On the other hand, the structural soundness of the fuel tank is related directly to the survival of the crew in an emergency situation, such as an aircraft crash, and the relevant performance is demonstrated by a crash impact test. Because crash impact tests have a high risk of failure due to the high impact loads, various efforts have been made to minimize the possibility of trial and error in the actual test at the beginning of the design. Numerical analysis performed before the actual test is a part of such efforts. For the results of numerical analysis to be reflected in the design, however, the reliability of numerical analysis needs to be ensured. In this study, the results of numerical analysis and actual test data were compared to ensure the reliability of numerical analysis for the crash impact test of a rotorcraft fuel tank. For the numerical analysis of a crash impact test, LS-DYNA, crash analysis software, was used and the ALE (arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian) technique was applied as the analysis method. To obtain actual test data, strain gages were installed on the metal fittings of the fuel tank and linked to the data acquisition equipment. The strain and stress of the fuel tank fitting were calculated by numerical analysis. The reliability of the numerical analysis was enhanced by assessing the error between the strain measurement of the upper fitting obtained from an actual fuel tank and the strain calculated from numerical analysis.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.65-72
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• 2022

Recently, damage to buildings due to earthquakes in Korea occurred mainly in school buildings and Piloti-type multi-family houses, highlighting the need for seismic retrofit for buildings of the same type. In the early days of the seismic retrofit project for school facilities, various patented methods using dampers as a ductile seismic retrofit method were applied without sufficient verification procedures. However, in 「School Facility Seismic Performance Evaluation and Retrofit Manual, 2021」, when the patented method is applied, it must be applied through a separate strict verification procedure, and instead, the strength/stiffness retrofit method was induced as a general method. In practice,when evaluating seismic performance for retrofit by infilled steel frame with brace, the analysis model is constructed by directly connecting only the steel brace to the existing RC member. However, if the frame is removed from the analysis model of the infilled steel frame with brace, the force reduction occurring on the existing RC member near the retrofit is considered to be very large, and this is judged to affect the review of whether to retrofit the foundation or not. Therefore, in this study, preliminary analysis with variables such as whether or not steel frame is taken into account and frame link method for the analysis model of RC school building retrofitted by infilled steel frame with brace and nonlinear analysis for actual 3-story school building was performed, and basic data for rational analysis model setting were presented by comparing preliminary analysis and pushover analysis results for each variable.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.73-80
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• 2022

This study evaluated changes in fluidity and rheological properties over time for 3D printed composite materials, and evaluated compressive strength and splitting tensile strength properties for laminated and molded specimens. The composite material for 3D printing starts to change rapidly after 30 minutes of extrusion, and the viscosity of the material tends to be maintained up to 90 minutes, but it was confirmed that construction within 60 minutes after mixing is effective. The compressive strength of the laminated test specimen showed equivalent or better performance at all ages compared to the molded test specimen. In the stress-strain curve of the laminated specimen, the initial slope was similar to that of the molded specimen, but the descending slope was on average 1.9 times higher than that of the molded specimen, indicating relatively brittle behavior. The splitting tensile strength of the P-V laminated specimen was about 6% lower than that of the molded specimen. It is judged that this is because the interfacial adhesion force against the vertical load is affected by the pattern direction of the laminated test specimen.

• Journal of Korean Society of Disaster and Security
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.61-70
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• 2023

This study presents an analytical study of investigating the effect of shock waves generated by the hydrogen detonation and damage to structures for the safety evaluation of hydrogen storage facilities against detonation. Blast scenarios were established considering the volume of the hydrogen storage facility of 10 L to 50,000 L, states of charge (SOC) of 50% and 100%, and initial pressures of 50 MPa and 100 MPa. The equivalent TNT weight for hydrgen detonation was determined considering the mechanical and chemical energies of hydrogen. A hydrogen detonation model for the converted equivalent TNT weight was made using design equations that improved the Kingery-Bulmash design chart of UFC 3-340-02. The hydrogen detonation model was validated for overpressure and impulse in comparison to the past experimental results associated with the detonation of hydrogen tank. A parametric study based on the blast scenarios was performed using the validated hydrogen detonation model, and design charts for overpressure and impulse according to the standoff distance from the center of charge was provided. Further, design charts of the three-stage structural damage and standoff distance of adjacent structures according to the level of overpressure and impact were proposed using the overpressure and impulse charts and pressure-impulse diagrams.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.25 no.10
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• pp.17-30
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• 2009

Underground construction such as tunneling can induce damages on the surrounding rock mass, due to the stress concentration of in situ stresses and excessive energy input during construction sequence, such as blasting. The developed damage on the rock mass can have substantial influence on the mechanical and hydraulic behaviors of the rock masses around a tunnel. In this study, investigation on the generation of damage around an opening in a jointed rock model under biaxial compression condition was conducted. The joint dip angles employed are 30, 45, and 60 degrees to the horizontal, and the synthetic rock mass was made using early strength cement and water. From the biaxial compression test, initiation and propagation of tensile cracks at norm to the joint angle were found. The propagated tensile cracks eventually developed rock blocks, which were dislodged from the rock mass. Furthermore, the propagation process of the tensile cracks varies with joint angle: lower joint angle model shows more stable and progressive tensile crack propagation. The development of the tensile crack can be explained under the hypothesis that the rock segment encompassed by the joint set is subjected to the developing moment, which can be induced by the geometric irregularity around the opening in the rock model. The experiment results were simulated by using discrete element method PFC 2D. From the simulation, as has been observed from the test, a rock mass with lower joint angle produces wider damage region and rock block by tensile cracks. In addition, a rock model with lower joint angle shows progressive tensile cracks generation around the opening from the investigation of the interacted tensile cracks.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.81-89
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to develop a new technique to quickly assess the quantitative stability of a tunnel by using measured displacement at the tunnel construction site. To achieve this purpose, in this study, a critical strain concept was introduced for the first time and applied to an assessment of a tunnel under construction. The new technique calculates numerically the strains of the surrounding ground by using displacements measured during tunnel excavation. The techniques considering the relative displacement, shotcrete, and anisotropic characteristics of ground were newly introduced after reinvestigating the existing analysis technique. In addition, an analysis module was developed based on the proposed analysis technique in this study, and the applicability of the developed module was verified. To verify the module, first of all, the calculated excavation displacements of a cylindrical tunnel by analytic method and commercial programs (Pentagon-3D, Flac-2D) were compared for the confirmation of applicability of commercial programs. Then, the calculated excavation displacements under the same initial condition, both with and without a shotcrete lining, by two commercial programs were compared. finally, we assess the load condition and material properties of in-situ ground by inputting tunnel excavation displacement, which was calculated by a commercial program, into the developed analysis module (FAST-Ver. 1.2, feedback Analysis System for Tunneling), and checked whether the assessed results conform to the originally assumed values.