• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.904-910
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• 2013

The aim of this study was to investigate the eating behavior and nutritional status of subjects according to their purpose of exercise. A total of 214 subjects, 20 to 30 years of age, who visited fitness centers in Seoul were enrolled. Anthropometrics, exercise habits, nutritional knowledge, and eating behaviors were analyzed using a questionnaire. Nutritional status was assessed by serial 24 h recalls. The subjects were divided into two groups based on their purpose of exercise: increasing muscle (Muscle growth, n=107) or losing body weight (Weight loss, n=107). The Muscle growth group contained a higher percentage of men, whereas the Weight loss group contained a higher percentage of women. The Muscle growth group showed significantly higher scores of nutritional knowledge and eating behaviors compared to the Weight loss group. The Muscle growth group also had a significantly higher intake of energy and protein compared to the Weight loss group. In fact, the intake of energy in the Weight loss group was lower than the estimated energy requirement (EER) for both men and women subjects. The intake of protein in the Muscle growth group was twice as much as the recommended nutrient intake (RNI). The intake of calcium in both groups was less than the RNI. In conclusion, those who exercised with the aim of increasing muscle took excess dietary protein and those who exercised with the aim of weight loss had a lower energy intake than the EER.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.19-26
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• 1993

In this study rats in fasting or fed protein free restricted diet including only fat showed much lowered level of serum cholesterol and triglyceride accompanied by utmost weight loss and high level of blood urea nitrogen indicated the tissue degradation, especially in liver with signs of damage or necrosis of hepatic parenchymal cell leading to elevated glutamic pyruvate transaminase value and to death. Rats fed only perilla oil in starvation or as fat source in normal diet dropped down the level of serum cholesterol and triglyceride compared to beef tallow fed rat. But with evidence of glutamic pyruvate transaminase values which was significantly elevated long term ingestion of perilla oil is likely to cause the lesion or any damage of hepatic function.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.34 no.7
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• pp.980-986
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• 2005

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of diet (1:1 ratio) added with meat product (seasoning chicken product, patty) containing natural extracts (green tea, Schizandra chinensis) on body weights, internal organs weights, the contents of total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglyceride and total lipid in plasma and liver. The experimental diets were prepared with basal diet added with $1\%$ natural extracts. These diets were supplied to SD (Sprague-Dawley) rats for 45 days. The body weight of SD rats supplied seasoning chicken and patty containing green tea and Schizandra chinensis tended to be lower than that of SD rats dieted seasoning chicken product and patty product. The contents of plasma cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglyceride and total lipid were decreased in SD rats dieted seasoning chicken and patty with green tea and Schizandra chinensis. However, the contents of plasma cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglyceride and total lipid tended to be increased in SD rats supplied seasoning chicken product and patty only. Hepatic lipid peroxidation measured by TBARS method was not different, compared to that of control. In conclusion, the diets with meat products containing $1\%$ natural extracts were effective in reducing plasma and hepatic cholesterol levels in rats.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.101-112
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• 2003

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of the level of concentrates and pasture grazing in 60 head of spring born Hanwoo heifers(initial body weight; 125.3kg) for 450days from six to 21 months in age. Feeding trial was conducted with 5 treatment(twelve heads/ treatment) which were T1(1.5% of apparent body weight in concentrates and indoor feeding for over-all period), T2(0.5% of apparent body weight in concentrates for pre-pasture grazing and pasture grazing), T3(1.0% of apparent body weight in concentrates for pre-pasture grazing and pasture grazing), T4(1.5% of apparent body weight in concentrates for pre-pasture grazing and pasture grazing), T5(2.0% of apparent body weight in concentrates for pre-pasture grazing and pasture grazing). During the total experimental period, average daily gains by treatments ranged from 0.322 to 0.465kg(average 0.405kg) and higher in the order of T5, T4, T1, T3 and T2, and increased with the level of concentrates feeding for pre-pasture grazing. TDN intakes required per unit of kilogram gain were 9.13 to 9.79kg(average 9.49kg) higher in the order of T1, T3, T5, T4 and T2, For the grazing period, they were ranged from 12.39 to 12.98kg(average 12.68kg), and were not significantly different. But TDN requirements of grazing groups was higher about 15.6% than the indoor feeding group’s. The rate of roughage to concentrates by treatments were 57.8 to 73.6%(average 63.7%). The body weight of 15 and 21 month in ages, that is, the ages at puberty and first conception by treatments were 201.2 to 230.7kg(average 223.8kg) and 270.2 to 331.4kg (average 307.6kg), respectively, and the latter were high per unit of 20.4kg by increasing the level of concentrates feeding for pre-pasture grazing every 0.5% addition of apparent body weight. The age of 225 and 275kg in body weight, that is, the body weight at puberty and first conception by treatments were 14.0 to 17.6 month (average 15.3 month) and 17.9 to 21.7 month(average 19.4), respectively, and the latter were shorter about 1.3 month by increasing the level of concentrates feeding every 0.5% addition of apparent body weight. According to the above results, it may be concluded that spring born Hanwoo heifers are raised at indoor have to feed with 1.8% of body weight in concentrates under full feeding of rice straws for all period from six to 21 months in age, but with 1.5% of apparent body weight in concentrates for grazing period.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.156-163
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• 1993

This study was carried out to investigate accumulation of metallothionein(MT) in rat liver and kidney by cadmium administration. After male rats of Sprague-Dawley strain weighing 60$\pm$5g were fed basal diet ad libitum for 4 weeks, two types of experiments were performed. In the first set of experiment, rats were divided into five groups. Control groups was fed basal diet without injection of cadmium. Dose groups of A, B, C and D were i.p. injected 0.625, 1.25, 2.5, 5mg Cd/Kg of body wt, once a day for two days. In the second set of experiment, rats were also divided into five groups. Control group was fed basal diet without injection of cadmium. Number groups of I, II, III and IV were i.p. injected 1, 2, 3, and 4 times every 24hrs, respectively and injection doses were 2.5mg Cd/Kg of body wt. in a day. In the first of experiment, hemoglobin contents in C, D groups were lower than control group. MT concentrations in liver and kidney were increased with increasing Cd injection doses to 2.5mg Cd/Kg of body wt. Liver - SH group values in C, D groups were higher than control group. Hematocrit values did not differ among groups. In the second of experiment, hemoglobin contents and hematocrit values were decreased. MT concentration in liver and kidney were progressively increased with increasing number of Cd injection. In both sets of experiments, liver MT concentrations were higher than kidney.

• Proceedings of the KSCN Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.406.2-407
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• 2004

최근 서구화된 생활습관과 만성퇴행성 질환으로 비만이 증가하고 있다. 1996년 세계보건기구에서는 비만을 치료해야 할 질병으로 규정하였고 체중감량은 비만인의 질병의 치료, 성인병의 예방 차원에서도 바람직하다고 볼 수 있다. 그러나 최근 건강에 대한 관심도가 증가하고 다이어트 산업이 성장하면서 매스컴의 영향에 의해 지나치게 마른 것을 선호하는 사회분위기가 조성되어 젊은 여성들이 신체에 자신감을 갖지 못하고 다양한 체중조절을 시도하고 있어 무분별한 다이어트로 인한 건강상의 문제가 지적되고 있다.(중략)

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.160-175
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• 1994

년대별로 본 한국인의 성장발육상태를 서로 비교해 봄으로서 얼마나 향상되었나 알아보고자 1910년도부터 1994년까지 각 저자들의 성적을 조사분석한 바 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 신체계측치인 신장, 체중, 흉위, 좌고는 가령에 따라 증가하고 있으나 성장 완료기에서는 각년도별로 점차 증가되었고 특히 1960년 이후 1994년에서는 그 성장이 현저하게 나타났다. 2. 신장과 체중은 평균 10년당 남자의 경우 1.3cm와 1.3kg씩 증가되었으며 여자는 1.6cm와 0.94kg씩 증가하였다(상기의 수치들은 평균증가치임). 3. 성장완료기에 있어서 각 년도별로 성장발육이 증가되었고 특히 1967년, 1983년, 1985년 그리고 1994년에 와서는 현저한 증가를 나타내었다. 이러한 현상은 사회적 경제적 제조건의 향상으로 한국인의 식생활이 좋아졌음으로 성장발육과 체위향상에 많은 영향을 미쳤다는 것을 입증하고 있다.

• 건강소식
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.28-29
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• 2012

최근 생활환경이 편리해지고 활동량이 부족해지면서 열량소비가 감소한 반면에 식생활의 서구화로 열량섭취가 증가하여 소아청소년 비만증이 급격히 증가하고 있다. 학교에서 실시하고 있는 초 중학생의 신체검사 결과를 보면 소아청소년비만이 해마다 증가하고 있으며, 서울시 학교 보건원의 자료 <최근 18년간 비만아 증가 앙상>에 따르면 최근 18년간 초등학교 남자의 경우 6.4배, 여자의 경우 4.7배, 중 고등학교 남자의 경우 3.0배, 여학생의 경우 2.4배로 증가한 것으로 나타났다. 특징적인 것은 여자보다 남자가 그리고 중 고등학교 연령층보다 초등학교 연령층이 더 높은 증가세를 보였다는 사실이다. 또 한 가지 중요한 사실은 비만아 중에서도 표준체중보다 50% 이상 체중이 더 나가는 고도 비만아의 비율이 증가하고 있다.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.37-49
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• 1982

Larvae of the silkworm (Bombyx mori L.) were reared during the 5th instar on the four kinds of artificial diets on the basis of the different amounts of soybean meal used as the protein source. In this experiment it was shown that the various levels of protein in the diet affected not only the growth and silk production but the digestibility of the diet. haemolymph protein and uric acid excretion. The results obtained are summarized as follows; 1. By an increase of the level of protein in the diet the apparant digestibility was increased. but the protein digestibility was comparatively decreased. 2. Larval body weight increment was not observed by the 3rd day of the 5th instar, but was increased from the 4th day as the level of protein was increased in the diet. 3. After the 3rd day of the 5th instar, protein content in the hemolymph was increased steeply by an increase of the protein content in the diet. However, the percentage of hemolymph protein to the ingested protein was decreased from the 2nd day of the 5th instar and increased more or less after the 4th day. 4. An increase of the uric acid excretion was observed as the content of protein in the diet was increased but the pattern of the uric acid excretion was different between high and low-protein diet. However, the percentage of the uric acid excretion to the ingested protein and to the hemolymph protein were both decreased steeply after the 2nd day of the 5th instar. 5. It was also evident that the high-protein diet increased the cocoon productivity. 6. It showed that the feed efficiency for body weight increment and silk formation was high by an increase of the level of protein in the diet, but the protein efficiency was not.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.478-483
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• 2004

Effects of instant coffee on weight, plasma lipids, leptin levels, and fat cell size in high-fat diet-fed rats were investigated, Twenty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats, fed experimental diet containing 40% total dietary fat and 0, 0.6, 1.2, and 2.4% (w/w) instant coffee for 6 weeks, were divided into four experimental groups (n = 6). Feed efficiency ratio of 0.6% coffee group was higher than control group. Weight gain, organ weights, free fatty acid level, and fat cell size were not significantly different among groups. Triglyceride, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, and leptin levels in plasma were significantly higher in 0.6% coffee group than control group. No significant difference in feed efficiency ratio, triglyceride, and leptin levels were found between control and 2.4% coffee group. These results suggest instant coffee may not have effect on obesity.