• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
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• 1987.05a
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• pp.10.2-10
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• 1987

최근 사회구조의 발달로 우리주변에는 뜻하지 않은 청력장애를 일으키는 경우가 많고 의료보험 실시와 더불어 생활수준의 향상으로 이비인후과 외래를 찾는 청력장애자들이 많아지고 있다. 또한 청력장애를 호소하여 청각검사를 의뢰하는 타과 입원환자도 점차적으로 증가하고 있는 실정이다. 이에 저자들은 1985년 1월 1일부터 1986년 12월 31일까지 만2 년간 연세대학교 원주의과대학부속 원주기독병원 이비인후과로 의뢰된 타과 입원환자 1063예중 청각검사를 시행한 182예를 대상으로 임상청각학적 고찰을 하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1) 의뢰한 과별로는 신경외과(50.5%)가 제일 많았고 다음 내과(23.6%)의 순이었다. 2) 원래질환과 청력장애사이에 연관관계가 있는 경우는 102예 (56.0%)이었으며 이중 외상이 87예(86.2%)로 제일 많았다. 3)외상의 경우 폭발사고가 35예 (40.2%)로 제일 많았고 다음 교통사고 28예(32.1%)의 순이었다. 이 중 계속적인 추적치료를 시행한 경우가 9예 (10.3%)에 불과하였다. 4) 외상의 경우 청력손실의 형태별로는 전음성이 41예 (47.1%), 감음신경성이 30예(34.4%), 혼합성이 7예 (8.2%) 였으며, 사병자(malingerer)가 9예 (10.3%) 였다. 결론적으로 강원도의 지역적 특성상 탄광폭발 사고로 인한 외상후 이차적으로 청력손실을 호소하는 환자가 많은 편으로 이에 대한 적극적인 진단 및 추적치료를 위하여 특히 신경외과와 상호협조 체제가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
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• 1987.05a
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• pp.11.2-11
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• 1987

1987년 2월 1일 부터 1987년 3월28일까지 본 병원 인공신장실에서 혈액투석요법을 받고 있는 만성 신부전증 환자 20례 (남자 15례, 여자 5례)를 대상으로 2회의 청력검사를 시행하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1) 만성 신부전증으로 혈액투석요법을 받고 있는 환자 20례 중 7례 (35%)에서 청력손실을 보였다. 2) 연령분포상 20대에서는 2명중 청력손실을 보인 예는 없었으며, 30대는 7명중 1명, 40대는 5명중 4명, 60대는 1명중 1명에서 청력손실을 보였으며 7례 전례가 남자였다. 3) 청력손실의 양상은 전례에서 양측성이며 고음장애형이었다. 4) 임피던스 청력검사상 tympanogram A형이 2귀 였으며 2례(4귀)에서는 acoustic reflex가 나타나지 않았다. 5) 청력손실을 보인 7례중 3례에서 75% 이상의 SISI score를 나타내었고 어음청력검사상 25㏈ 이상의 청력손실을 보인 예는 없었다. 6) 전해질농도와 난청의 정도, 혈액투석회수와 청력손실의 정도에는 유의한 연관이 없었다.

• Proceedings of the Acoustical Society of Korea Conference
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• 1992.11a
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• pp.1-4
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• 1992

본 고에서는 후천적인 청각 장애나 노령화 및 산업화에 따라 난청자가 증가하고 있는 현대사회에서 난청자를 위한 통화대책을 강구하고자, 청각과 전화 통화와의 관계, 청력손실의 측정방법, 전화 통화의 입장에서 본 난청의 분류, 청각 장애에 따른 청각 특성에 대해서 총괄하였다. 그리고 난청자가 전화통화를 하고자 할 때 청력손실의 정도와 장애 부위에 따른 통화방법을 고찰하였다. 여기에서는 가벼운 정도의 난청자자인 경우에는 최저 가청한계를 고려한 고음향 출력전화기, 또 난청의 정도가 심한 난청자는 골도 청각을 이용한 골도 전화기가 유용한 통화수단임을 소개하였다. 또한 CCITT 및 외국에서 적극적으로 검토하고 있는 문제로서 , 보청기 착용자가 사회와 접촉하기 위한 수단인 보청기와 전화기와의 결밥 방법을 종합 검토하였다.

• Proceedings of the Acoustical Society of Korea Conference
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• 1992.06a
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• pp.164-167
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• 1992

본 고에서는 후천적인 청각 장애나 노령화 및 산업화에 따라 난청자가 증가하고 있는 현대사회에서 난청자를 위한 통화대책을 강구하고자, 청각과 전화 통화와의 관계, 청력손실의 측정방법, 전화통화의 입장에서 본 난청의 분류, 청각 장애에 따른 청각 특성에 대해서 총괄하였다. 그리고 난청자가 전화통화를 하고자 할 때 청력손실의 정도와 장애 부위에 따른 통화방법을 고찰하였다. 여기에서는 가벼운 정도의 난청자인 경우에는 최저 가청한계를 고려한 고음향 출력 전화기, 또 난청의 정도가 심한 난청자는 골도 청각을 이용한 골도 전화기가 유용한 통화수단임을 소개하였다. 또한 CCITT 및 외국에서 적극적으로 검토하고 있는 문제로서, 보청기 착용자가 사회와 접촉하기 위한 수단인 보청기와 전화기의 결합 방법을 종합 검토하였다.

• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
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• 1978.06a
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• pp.8.1-8
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• 1978

Waardenburgs syndrome is estimated to account for 1 to 7% of all congenital deafness. The primary features of the syndrome include lateral displacement of the medial canthi and lacrimal punctae, a flat nasal root, white forelock, unilateral or bilateral congenital deafness, some degree of heterochromia of the iris, and hyperplasia of the eyebrow. This syndrome was described at first by Waardenburg in 1951, and since that time there have been reports of the same syndrome in both the English (Partington, 1959) and American (Di George) literature. The authors have experienced 3 cases of Waardenburgs syndrom, and report these cases with literature review.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.457-466
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• 1997

We developed a new hearing aid telephone which helps the hearing impaired person to improve the listening ability of telephone speech. Recently, the hearing impaired person and the elderly who has hearing loss have been continuously increased and their desire for participating society as a producer has been increased also. So they strong1y want the hearing aid devices which make compensation fortheir handicap. The hearing aid telephone is one of the basic aid devices that helps the hearing impaired to communicate well with other poeple and to acquire easily useful information through the phone. We analyze the hearing ability of the hearing impaired, design the new model of the hearing aid telephone and test the telephone in three fields-electrical, word perception, user test. Our new tolephone has lour band pass filter channels and the center frequencies of these filters are 500, 1000, 2000, 3000Hz which are considered psychoacoustic factors and telephone line characteristics. The hearing impaired can adjust the total gain characteristics of receiving sound to his hearing ability by setting four volumes in the telelphone. This procedure is called fitting which is a very important factor for the hearing impaired to take meaning of speech. The total gain of this telephone is over 20dB from 250Hz to 3200Hz range. From the results of the tests we certify that our new model is better for the hearing impaired to understand the meaning or telephone speech than the old general models. The next step of developing the hearing aid telephone is to study about compressing sidetone and noise, dividing frequency bands, selecting hearing aid pattern and compensating psychoacoustic loudness. we expect that the advanced hearing aid telephone can be developed by the research about speech perception characteristics of the hearing impaired in engineering and clinical side.

• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
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• 1981.05a
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• pp.40.2-40
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• 1981

The deformities of the auricle is rare and classified roughly into two categories as "Hyperplasia and Hypoplasia". Microtia occurs about once in every 6000 births and is twice as frequent in males as in females and the unilateral to bilateral ratio is roughly 8 : 1. Significant malformation of the auricle frequently involves the external auditory canal and the contents of the middle ear. Recently, the authors experienced a case of hypoplasia of the superior third of the right auricle of 24 year old male, with neither hearing impairment nor any other associated defect, who was surgically corrected by rotation flaps through post-auricular incision.

• 한국노년학
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.973-992
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• 2010

The hearing impairment is the representative disorder that affects the quality of the routine life of the aged period. This study was aimed to develop the Korean evaluation scale for hearing handicap(KESHH) with which we can evaluate social and psychological effects of the hearing impairment. Applying this scale clinically, we can analyze the geriatric hearing loss specifically and improve the quality of the aural rehabilitation that can help the hardness of the hearing impairment. Data were collected from 288 participants(176 hearing aid users and 112 non-hearing aid users) and the average age of the participants was 67.4 years old ( 60.15 for the hearing aids users and 78.9 for the non hearing users). The composition ratio of the male and female participants were 58.0% and 42.0% and extrovert and introvert personality were 49.3% and 50.7% showing balanced formation. The tentative draft of KESHH measurements were produced with 30 items and following 5 subscales. Using factor analysis, 6 items were erased and 4 subscales - social effect, psycho/emotional effect, interpersonal effect, and perception of hearing aids - were identified. As each subscale consisted of 6 items, 24 items were corrected and remained totally. Conclusively, the KESHH was developed with 24 items and 4 subscales including 6 items on each subscale. In addition, the KESHH was divided into type-1 and 2 depending on hearing aid users and non hearing aid users. The results of this study can be summarized as the following 5 parts. Firstly, the reliabilities of the KESHH were proved to be high because the subscales' Cronbach alpha values were from 0.723 through 0.895. Secondly, the KESHH showed systematically increasing score as the hearing impairment increased. The lowest score was 24 and the highest score was 117 and the average scores of the hearing impaired and non-hearing impaired are 72.06(SD=15.67) and 66.98(SD=20.94) showing 5.08 increased score for the hearing impaired. Depending on the degree of the hearing loss, the scores recorded 52.63 at the below of the mild hearing loss, 67.29 for the moderate hearing loss, 71.89 for the moderately severe hearing loss, and 75.57 for the severe hearing loss The comparison of the scores by hearing levels indicated that the higher the hearing levels were, the higher the scores of the KESHH with statistical significance(p<0.001). Thirdly, the correlation among 4 subscales was 0.384~0.880(p<0.001). Also, the pure tone average, personality, and the four subscales correlations showed statistical significance with 0.148~0.880 except for the pure tone average and personality and the pure tone average and perception of hearing aids. Fourthly, the total variances explained for the independent subscles were analyzed with multiple regression. The social effect was explained 17.4% with pure tone average, personality, and the status of hearing aid use variances. The psycho/emotional effect was explained 14.4% with puretone average, personality, and age variances. The interpersonal effect was explained 11.2% with pure tone average, personality, and the status of hearing aid use variances. The perception of hearing aids effect was explained 2.2% with only personality. Finally, test-retest reliability was proved to be high with 0.791(p<0.001). Conclusively, the KESHH that was developed considering Korean culture can be a useful instrument for expressing the hearing handicaps of the Korean aged hearing impaired in scores for both hearing aid users and non-users. Also, it is thought that the KESHH is useful clinically for identifying the changes of the hearing handicap scores before and after wearing hearing aids and aural rehabilitation at diverse situations.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.210-214
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• 2010

Purpose : Cisplatin is highly effective for the treatment of solid tumors in children. However, the clinical use of cisplatin is limited by its ototoxicity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ototoxicity in children treated with cisplatin. Method : We performed a single institution retrospective analysis of pediatric oncology patients who received cisplatin therapy between January 2001 and January 2008. Thirty-seven patients with sufficient medical and audiologic data were included in this study. Results : The median age at the time of diagnosis was 10.7 (range 3.8-6.7) years. There were 16 males and 21 females. The underlying diseases were osteosarcoma (15 cases), medulloblastoma (14 cases), germ cell tumors (7 cases), and hepatoblastoma (1 case). The median individual dose was $100mg/m^2$/cycle (56-200). The median cumulative dose was $480mg/m^2$ (200-1,490). Sixteen patients (43%) received cranial radiotherapy. Of the 37 patients, 17 developed hearing loss, leading to an overall incidence of 46%. Logistic regression showed that age at treatment (P =0.04) and cumulative dose of cisplatin (P =0.005) were the significant risk factors in predicting hearing loss in children treated with cisplatin. In all the patients who had hearing loss, there was neither improvement nor aggravation during the follow-up (3-8 months). Conclusion : The cumulative dose of cisplatin (>$500mg/m^2$) and younger age at treatment (<12 years) were 2 most important risk factors for ototoxicity in patients treated with cisplatin. Serial audiometric evaluations are needed in the patients with risk factors during and after cisplatin treatment.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.453-463
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• 2021

Hearing loss is a group of clinically and genetically heterogeneous disorders characterized by congenital- to adult-onset deafness with frequent additional symptoms such as myopathy, nephropathy, and optic disorders. It is commonly divided into two types: syndromic, with no other symptoms, and nonsyndromic, with other symptoms. Autosomal recessive hearing loss is relatively frequent in Pakistan, which may be due in part to frequent consanguineous marriages. This study was performed by whole exome sequencing to determine the genetic causes in two Pakistani consanguineous families with autosomal recessive hearing loss. We identified a pathogenic homozygous variant (p.Leu326Gln in MYO7A) in a family with prelingual-onset hearing loss and two variants of uncertain significance (p.Val3094Ile in GPR98 and p.Asp56Gly in PLA2G6) in a family with early-onset hearing loss concurrent with muscular atrophy. The missense mutations in MYO7A and PLA2G6 were located in the highly conserved sites, and in silico analyses predicted pathogenicity, while the GPR98 mutation was located in the less conserved site, and most in silico analysis programs predicted its nonpathogenic effect. Homozygosity mapping showed that both alleles of the homozygous mutations identified in each family originated from a single founder; spread from this single source might be due to consanguineous marriages. This study will help provide exact molecular diagnosis and treatment for autosomal recessive hearing loss patients in Pakistan.