• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.311-318
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• 1998

Amis:ST25(Chonchu) and ST37(Sanggoho) are usually used acupoints to management several disease which induced to abnormal intestinal motility as diarrhea, constipation. Colonic transit time by radio opaque marker is able to study easily and useful method for evaluation of colonic motility. The aim of this study was to assess the effect on colonic transit time by manual acupuncture or electroacupuncture stimulation of ST25, ST37 in normal adult. Method: Colonic transit time, including Rt colon, Lt colon, rectosigmoid colon was measured by radio opaque marker in 11 normal adults. Colon transit time was measured before stimulation and after stimulation on ST25, ST37 by manual acupuncture and electroacupuncture. Each person was treated manual acupuncture or electroacupuncture stimulation for 3 days before colonic transit time measurement with 1 week interval. Result: Colon transit time before stimulation was measured $10.60{\pm}12.11$, $3.92{\pm}7.72$, $3.27{\pm}6.37$, $3.41{\pm}5.57$ hours total colon, Rt colon, Lt colon, rectosigmoid colon, respectively. Colon transit time after manual acupuncture is measured $10.48{\pm}12.35$, $3.72{\pm}7.52$, $3.37{\pm}6.76$, $3.39{\pm}5.84$ hours total colon, Rt colon, Lt colon, rectosigmoid colon, respectively. Colon transit time after electroacupuncture stimulation is measured $10.30{\pm}13.21$, $3.92{\pm}8.02$, $3.07{\pm} $, $3.31{\pm}5.49$ hours total colon, Rt colon, Lt colon, rectosigmoid colon, respectively. Significant change was observed Lt colon transit time after electroacupuncture as compared before acupuncture(P<0.05). Conclusion: Theses results suggest that manual acupuncture and electroacupuncture of ST25, ST37 in normal adults does not change colonic transit time.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.82 no.4
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• pp.862-875
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• 2021

Purpose To investigate the MRI features associated with neural foraminal stenosis (NFS) in patients older than 60 years with lumbar (L) radiculopathy. Materials and Methods This study included 133 retrospectively selected patients older than 60 years with lumbar radiculopathy who had undergone a lumbar spine MRI (from January 2018 to April 2018). For L4/L5 and L5/sacral (S)1 levels, NFS was reviewed blindly by two radiologists. Spondylolisthesis, retrolisthesis, disc height loss, disc bulging/herniation/central canal stenosis, ligamentum flavum thickening, and facet hypertrophy were evaluated separately for the NFS and non-NFS groups, and they were compared using univariate and multivariate analyses. Results The univariate analysis revealed that disc height loss (p = 0.006) was associated with NFS for L4/L5. For L5/S1, both spondylolisthesis (p = 0.005) and facet hypertrophy (p = 0.006) were associated with NFS. The multivariate logistic analysis revealed that disc height loss was associated with NFS for L4/L5 [odds ratio (OR) = 4.272; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.736-10.514]. For L5/S1, spondylolisthesis (OR = 3.696; 95% CI 1.297-10.530) and facet hypertrophy (OR = 6.468; 95% CI 1.283-32.617) were associated with NFS. Conclusion Disc height loss was associated with NFS for L4/L5 and spondylolisthesis and facet hypertrophy were associated with NFS for L5/S1.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.139-148
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• 2014

Objectives The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the improvement of low back pain and lumbosacral-pelvic parameters. Methods Fifty one patients were classified into the normal group and the abnormal group, based on X-ray. In each group, lumbosacral-pelvic parameters were measured. The data were analysed by independent t-test. Results The significant difference of the parameters of Femur Height was found in the normal group and the abnormal group. Conclusions These results show that we can predict effect of LBP treatment by investigating the parameters of and Femur Height.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.258-262
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• 1999

Sacral meningeal cyst is usually asymtomatic, but may be responsible for sciatic pain syndromes and other clinical symptoms. Sacral meningeal cyst might be suspected when definite explanation for the clinical symptom, such as herniation of the intervertebral disc or spinal stenosis is not found. Plain films and CT may suggest the presence of sacral meningeal cyst, but MR is the current imaging study of choice. Evaluation of the correlation between the symptom and the cyst is as important as detection of it. We have experienced a case of sacral meningeal cyst detected during caudal epidural block. The patient complained of low back pain radiating to thigh. Plain films and lumbar spine CT showed no remarkable finding except disc bulging. During caudal epidural needle insertion, there was leakage of clear CSF, and intrasacral cystic shadow was visualized by dye injection. MR confirmed sacral meningeal cyst.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.138-145
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• 2009

Purpose: Giant cell tumor of the spine is very rare, and the treatment is very difficult. However, surgical techniques and diagnostic modalities are developed, and postoperative functional results are improved. To evaluate the efficacy of total spondylectomy for giant cell tumor of the spine, the clinical results of the surgical treatments for the giant cell tumor of the spine with intralesional curettage or total spondylectomy were evaluated. Materials and Methods: From April 1987 to March 2006, 10 patients who were underwent surgical treatments using total spondylectomy or intralesional curettage were studied. There were 3 men and 7 women. The mean age of the patients was 32 years (range, 25~44 years). The mean duration of follow-up was 8 years (range, 3~15 years). Locations of the tumor were 2 cervical spines, 4 thoracic spines, 2 lumbar spines and 2 sacrum. Initial main symptom of 10 patients was pain, and 7 patients had neurologic impairments too. Four patients were treated with total spodylectomy using anterior and posterior combined approach, 1 patient was treated with total sacrectomy using posterior approach only, and 5 patients were treated with intralesional curettage using anterior approach. Results: Nine patients improved pain and neurologic impairments. Local recurrences developed in 4(40%) patients (2 cervical spines, 1 thoracic spine, 1 sacrum). While a local recurrence developed from 5 total spondylectomy, 3 local recurrences developed from 5 intralesional curettage. Conclusion: Local recurrence rate after surgical treatment with intralesional curettage for the giant cell tumor of the spine was very high. Total spondylectomy using anterior and posterior approach is advisable to prevent the local recurrence after surgical treatment.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.337-340
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• 1999

In order to evaluate stored apple pollen viability, in vitro germination test was performed on a microscope slide coated with the culture medium containing fluorescein diacetate (FDA). However, the inclusion of FDA to the culture medium declined pollen germination. Alternatively, the fluorochromatic reaction procedure was tested. The procedure involved dusting pollen grains onto drops of 10% sucrose solution containing 0.002% FDA and allowing them to accumulate fluorescein. Within 30 min after the fluorochromatic reaction, viable pollen grains clearly fluoresced under ultraviolet light. Both the in vitro germination test and the fluorochromatic reaction procedure revealed that stored apple pollen viability was not considerably decreased over storage up to at least 39 months. Of the cultivars examined by both methods, 'Fuji' and 'Senshu' pollen viability was highest, 'Tsugaru' was intermediate, and 'Jonagold' was lowest. The fluorescing percentages appeared approximately comparable to the germination percentages except for the 'Senshu' pollens stored for 3 months, although the fluorescing percentages was slightly higher than the germination percentages. Strong and highly significant correlations were found between the two methods. It can thus be concluded that the fluorochromatic reaction procedure provides a convenient and reliable evaluation of stored apple pollen viability.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.3
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• pp.37-43
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• 1963

This experimental work was carried out to know the best method in producing the root stock effectively. The major experimental work was carried out by using Kairyo-Nezumigaeshi, and the comparative works were carried out by using Ichi-Hei, Kairyo-Nezumigaeshi, Ro-Soh, Yongchon-Chuwoo and Suwon No. 4. Results obtained from the test are as follows. 1. The larger size of the branch burried, the better live ratio and the quality of the sapling was found, and there was no significant difference between the top part and bottom part of the branch from the point of view of the ratio, but it was found that the top part showed better live ratio and quality. Mean time there was no difference in live ratio between the two sprouts root-stock type and the three sprouts root-stock type. 2. When the live ratio and sapling quality was compared from the aspect of the new root development, the heavy and medium developed root type showed better result than the poor developed one. 3. For the ambushing depth test of the root-stock, the root-stock which was painted with paraffin on the top and exposed in the air was found to have best live ratio. Mean time, even though paraffin was not painted all the top of the root-stock, the one which was exposed the top of it or the one ambushed with thin soil layer, showed better live ratio than the one deep ambushed. 4. There was difference for the live ratio between the perpendicularly ambushed root-stock and the lied ambushed mot-stock, but the former method showed better sapling quality. 5. The soil nature did not show any difference for the live ratio between the sand loam and clay loam, but the former one showed better sapling quality. 6. There was no difference live ratio between the mulberry varieties, but Yongchon-Chuwoo showed best sapling quality. 7. The grafted sapling production cost was 2.30 won and cattage sapling cost was 1.61 won.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.131-146
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to understand the architectural space of Chimjeon (寢殿), the King's Bedroom, and Backyard, in the early Joseon Dynasty. The Royal palace can be divided into three parts, political space for King, living space for King and his family and government office. So first, we should to understand the characteristics of each space in the Royal Palace. Up to now we have looked at the architectural space of the King's Bedroom in the central area and Backyard in Gyeongbokgung (景福宮), one of the Royal Palace, the result of this study is as followings. Cheonchujeon (千秋殿) and Manchunjeon (萬春殿) were not both sides of Sajeongjeon (思政殿), were on the north side of Gangnyeongjeon (康寧殿) Gangnyeongjeon was not a bedroom for the King and Queen, only for King. Bedroom for Queen was located another space in the Royal palace. There was Hamwonjeon on the west side of Koytaejeon. Jamidang and Cheongyeonroo were on the right side of Koytaejeon The Backyard on the north side of Gyeongbokgung had a wide area for horseback archery and the practice of battle formation The arrangement of the King's bedroom in the central area was assumed like as the Fig 7. and Fig 8.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.19-24
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• 2004

The purposes of this study were to analyze gait patterns of patients with chronic lumboscaral radiculopathy and to investigate gait parameters which can reflect a functional deficit in relation to the level of lumbosacral radiculopathy. The study population consisted of 25 patients of chronic lumbosacral radiculopathy and 25 healthy control subjects. Conventional physical examinations and three-dimensional gait analyses were performed on all participants. The data were analyzed using an independent sample t-test. The results were as follows: (1) In the patients' group, cadence, walking velocity, stride length and double support time were less than in the control group (p<.05). (2) In the patients' group, maximum flexion of hip, maximum flexion of loading response, maximum flexion of swing phase on the knee and maximum plantar flexion of pre-swing were less than the control group (p<.05). Using three-dimensional gait analysis, we could identify specific gait parameters to reflect a functional deficit related to the level of lumbosacral radiculopathy.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.702-704
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• 2010

Purpose: Chordoma is a rare primary osseous tumor arising from the remnants of the primitive notochord. It occurs once in 2,000,000. It is characterized by its slow growth, high frequency to invade destroy bone by direct extension. We experienced giant sacral chordoma and reconstructed with gluteal advancement flap. Methods: A 52-year-old woman presented with a 2-years history of gluteal pain. In the biopsy study revealed sacral chordoma. MRI study showed $13{\times}12{\times}10\;cm$ sized m0cs. We approached anterior and posterior resection and reconstructed with bilateral gluteus maximus advancement flap. Results: After the operation, blader and anal function were slightly decreased. But, 4 months later those were almost fully recovered. There was no significant complication and recurrence after 2-years follow-up. Conclusion: Chordoma is characterized by its slow growth, high frequency to invade and destroy bone by direct extension. Wide surgical resection is the only curative procedure. We report a ase of giant sacral chordoma which was successfully treated by anterior and posterior approach and reconstructed with bilateral gluteal advancement flap.