• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.697-706
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• 1998

Motion at the sacroiliac joints(SIJ) has been reported in the medical literature since the mid-19th century. However, for many years authorities vie~d that no movement occurred at the sacroiliac joints and therefore were not clinically significant. Recent contributions from both the basic and clinical sciences caused a change in perception of the role of the sacroiloiac joint in low back pain(LBP). Movement within the sacroiliac joint is now generally recognized, although it is only a small amount. Controversy continues as to the type of motion available and the axes of motion, and continues as to the ability of a clinician to identify a significant sacroiliac dysfunction. Dysfunction of the pelvic girdle is complex and not easily understood. It is common to find serveral dysfunctions within the same pelvic girdle. Each needs to be individually diagnosed and appropriately treated. The diagnostic and therapeutic system designed by Philip E. Greenmam, D. O. allows the operator to deal with any combination of physical findings that are found within the pelvic girdle Restoration of pelvic girdle function within the walking cycle is a major therapeutic goal, particularly from the biomechanical postural-structural model.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.63-70
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• 1982

To evaluate the diagnostic usefulness and significance of quantitative sacroiliac joint scintigraphy in the assessment of sacroiliitis, we measured Sacroiliac Joint/Sacrum Uptake Ratio(SIS Ratio) by region of interest(ROI) method using $^{99m}Tc-methylene$ diphosphonate. The observed results were as follows: 1. Using ROI method, the SIS ratios for the control group of 65 persons were $1.05{\pm}0.08$(left) and $1.06{\pm}0.07$(right) which were narrower in range than those of slice method $(mean{\pm}S.D.)$. 2. The effects of age, gender and laterality on SIS ratio were not significant. 3. In left side, one of 6 patients with rheumatoid arthritis had SIS ratio in excess of 2 standard deviation of normal control group, and remainder had SIS ratios within normal limit. In right side, 3 patients had SIS ratios in excess of 2 standard deviation of normal control group, and remainder, within normal limit. 4. In both sacroiliac joint, 2 of 3 patients having sacroiliitis clinically with Reiter's syndrome whose pelvis A-P X-ray findings showed normal had high SIS ratios (left/right; 1.31/1.69, 1.90/1.80), but SIS ratio of one patient who had no evidence of sacroiliitis clinically was within normal limit. 5. In 6 patients with ankylosing spondylitis in both sacroiliac joints, 4 whose pelvis A-P Xray findings showed severe sclerotic change of sacroiliac joints had SIS ratio within normal limit or below that of normal control group, and SIS ratios of 2 patients whose pelvis A-P X-ray findings showed were increased. 6. 4 of 5 patients with low back pain of which cause could not be evaluated clinically and radiologically had SIS ratios in excess of that of normal control group. It would be concluded that quantitative sacroiliac joint scintigraphy is useful and sensitive screening method in the diagnosis as well as in the assessment clinical activity of sacroiliitis.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.47-51
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• 2009

Background: The blind sacroiliac joint (SIJ) block cannot always be performed accurately; it is commonly performed in the office based setting because intraarticular and periarticular injections are effective for SIJ pain. However, knowledge on the surface anatomy of the SIJ is lacking. The purpose of this study was to analyze the surface anatomical location of the posterior-inferior margin of the SIJ. Methods: After informed consent was obtained, fifty patients undergoing SIJ block in the prone position were examined. The oblique angles where the anterior-inferior margin and the posterior-inferior margin of the SIJ overlap on X-ray were evaluated. In addition, the surface anatomical relationships between the posterior-inferior margin of the SIJ on X-ray and the posterior superior iliac spine (PSIS) and sacral hiatus by palpation were assessed. Results: The oblique angle was $5.4{\pm}2.9^{\circ}$. The vertical and transverse distance between the posterior-inferior margin of the SIJ and PSIS were $3.8{\pm}0.8cm$ and $0.9{\pm}0.6cm$, respectively. The vertical and transverse distance between the posterior-inferior margin of the SIJ and the midpoint of the sacral hiatus were $3.4{\pm}0.7cm$ and $3.9{\pm}0.6cm$, respectively. Only the vertical distance between the posterior-inferior margin of the SIJ and PSIS showed significant difference between the male and the female groups (P = 0.0016). Conclusions: The measurements in this study can be used as a reference standards for the blind SIJ block.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.8-11
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• 2012

The results of surgical repair for pelvic factures in 31 dogs were reviewed. Lameness and weight bearing scores were used to evaluate functional recovery of the hind limbs. Simple fracture occurred in sacroiliac joint (n = 5) and ilium (n = 3). Pelvic fractures had acetabular (n = 7) and non-acetabular fractures (n = 23). Acetabular fracture cases were composed of additional surgical treatments with femoral head and neck ostectomy (FHNO) (n = 4) and only acetabular rim fixation (n = 3). Simple fractures had more rapid initial and complete recovery times than multiple fractures. Non-acetabular fracture cases (initial recovery time: 2.7 weeks, complete recovery time: 9.1 weeks) had more rapid initial and complete recovery times than acetabular fracture cases (8.4, 12.5 weeks) (p < 0.05). In addition, the cases of additional surgical treatment with FHNO (5.3, 7 weeks) had more rapid mean recovery times than surgical treatment without FHNO (11.1, 16.3 weeks). Surgical approach with FHNO in acetabular fracture was an alternative method to treat pelvic fractures in small breed dogs.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.285-295
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to evaluate effects of sacroiliac joint mobilization and lumbopelvic stabilizing exercises on the equilibrium ability. The subjects were consisted of ninety healthy adult two decade(43 females. 47 males; mean aged 22.1) from 20 to 29. All subjects randomly assigned to the control group, sacroiliac joint mobilization group, lumbopelvic stabilizing exercises group. Lumbopelvic stabilizing exercises group received lumbopelvic stabilizing exercises for 30 minutes, sacroiliac joint mobilization group received sacroiliac joint mobilization for 2-3 minutes per day and three times a week during 3 weeks period. Active balancer(SAKAI EAB-100) was used to measure equilibrium ability. All measurements of each subjects were measured at pre-experiment, after 10 days, and post-experiment. The results of this study were summarized as follows: 1. The WPL of control group, sacroiliac joint mobilization group, lumbopelvic stabilizing exercises group was no significantly differences at pre-experiment(p>.05), but significantly reduced after 10 days and post-experiment(p<.05). The results of analyzed effects of WPL was significantly reduced between experiment type of control group, sacroiliac joint mobilization group, lumbopelvic stabilizing exercises group according to pre-experiment, after 10 days, and post-experiment(p<.05). 2. The RA of control group, sacroiliac joint mobilization group, lumbopelvic stabilizing exercises group was no significantly differences at pre-experiment(p>.05), but significantly reduced after 10 days, and post-experiment(p<.05). The results of analyzed effects of RA was significantly reduced between experiment type of control group, sacroiliac joint mobilization group, lumbopelvic stabilizing exercises group according to pre-experiment, after 10 days, and post-experiment(p<.05). Conclusionally these data suggest that a 3-week SI joint mobilization and lumbopelvic stabilizing exercises improved equilibrium. Additional randomized controlled trials to more fully investigate treatment effects and factors that may mediate these effects are needed.

• The Journal of Churna Manual Medicine for Spine and Nerves
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.63-72
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• 2022

Objectives This case study aimed to investigate the effect of complex Korean medicine treatment including Chuna manual therapy on sacroiliac joint (SIJ) pain status post SIJ fusion with sacroiliac screw fixation. Methods Complex Korean medicine treatments including Chuna manual therapy were provided to patients with SIJ widening due to a traffic accident trauma. Measurement of range of motion and manual muscle test to evaluate functional activities of daily living was conducted before and after treatment. Moreover, outcome estimates were performed using the numeric rating scale, pain disability index, and EuroQol 5-dimension five-level questionnaire. Results After complex treatment, functional activities of daily living improved. Sacroiliac joint pain decreased and the quality-of-life score improved. Conclusions This study suggests that treatment with complex Korean medicine treatment including Chuna manual therapy may improve traumatic SIJ widening status post SIJ fusion. A postoperative rehabilitation protocol based on accumulated research results considering a multidisciplinary approach should be prepared to ensure holistic treatment.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.377-383
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• 1994

Objective : We retrospectively analysed $^{99m}Tc$-MDP bone and $^{67}Ga$ scans to evaluate therapeutic response of bone lymphoma among patients with complete remission. Subjects and Methods : We reviewed 35 cases with an increased uptake finding $^{99m}Tc$-MDP bone scans and 16 $^{67}Ga$ scans that were follow-up studies during and after therapy. The $^{99m}Tc$-MDP bone and $^{67}Ga$ scans were graded visually from 1 to 4 in which grade 3 means same uptake density as that of normal sacroiliac articulation in bone scan and normal liver in $^{67}Ga$ scan, respectively. Results: The improvement findings during and after therapy were found in 66.0% (19/ 29) and 72.7% (24/33) with $^{99m}Tc$-MDP bone scan, 84.6% (l1/13) and 86.7% (13/15) with $^{67}Ga$ scan, respectively. The mean grades of the uptake density in $^{99m}Tc$-MDP bone scan were 3.06 before, 2.34 during, 1.75 after therapy. Those in the $^{67}Ga$ scan were 3.22 before, 1.42 during 1.30 after therapy. Conclusion. $^{67}Ga$ scans appeared more sensitive than bone scans in evaluating therapeutic response of bone lymphoma.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.1-11
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• 2012

The pelvic compression belt (PCB) contributes to improving sacroiliac joint stability, and it has been used as an additional therapeutic option for patients with sacroiliac joint pain (SIJP). This study aimed to investigate whether the muscle activation patterns of the supporting leg was different between asymptomatic subjects and subjects with SIJP during one-leg standing, and how it changes with the PCB. 15 subjects with SIJP and 10 asymptomatic subjects volunteered to participate in this study. Surface electromyography (EMG) data (reaction time [RT] and muscle activation) were collected from the internal oblique, lumbar multifidius, gluteus maximus and biceps femoris muscles during one-leg standing with and without the PCB. Without the PCB condition, in the SIJP group, the biceps femoris muscle showed the fastest RT among all muscles (p<.05), whereas in the asymptomatic group, the RT of the internal oblique muscle was the most rapid (p<.05). In condition without the PCB, the biceps femoris EMG amplitudes in the SIJP group were significantly greater than that in the asymptomatic group (p<.05). After the application of the PCB, the RT of the biceps femoris muscle was significantly increased only in the SIJP group (p<.05). Moreover, the biceps femoris EMG amplitudes significantly decreased and the gluteus maximus EMG amplitudes significant increased only in the SIJP group by applying the PCB (p<.05). However, this had no such effect on the gluteus maximus and biceps femoris EMG patterns in the asymptomatic group (p>.05). Thus, this study supports the applying the PCB to patients with SIJP can be used as a helpful option to modify the activation patterns of the gluteus maximus and biceps femoris muscle.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.183-191
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• 2003

Purpose: To suggest the optimal radiation fields after a surgical resection based on a nationwide survey on the principles of radiotherapy for rectal cancer in the Korean Patterns on Care Study. Materials and method: A consensus committee, composed of radiation oncologists from 18 hospitals in Seoul Metropolitan area, developed a survey format to analyze radiation oncologist's treatment principles for rectal cancer after a surgical resection. The survey format included 19 questions on the principles of defining field margins, and was sent to the radiation oncologists in charge of gastrointestinal malignancies in all korean hospitals (48 hospitals). Thirty three ($69\%$) oncologists replied. On the basis of the replies and literature review, the committee developed guidelines for the optimal radiation fields nor rectal cancer Results: The following guidelines were developed: superior border between the lower tip on the L5 vertebral body and upper sacroiliac joint; inferior border $2\~3$ cm distal to the anastomosis in patient whose sphincter was saved, and $2\~3$ cm distal to the perineal scar In patients whose anal sphincter was sacrificed; anterior margin at the posterior lip of the symphysis pubis or $2\~3$ cm anterior to the vertebral body, to include the internal iliac lymph node and posterior margin $1.5\~2$ cm posterior to the anterior surface of the surface, to include the presacral space with enough margin. Comparison with the guidelines, the replies on the superior margin coincided in 23 cases ($70\%$), the inferior margin after sphincter saving surgery in 13 ($39\%$), the inferior margin after adbominoperineal resection in 32 ($97\%$), the lateral margin in 32 ($97\%$), the posterior margins in 32 ($97\%$) and the anterior margin in 16 ($45\%$). Conclusion: These recommendations should be tailored to each patient according to the clinical characteristics such as tumor location, pathological and operative findings, for the optimal treatment. The adequacy of these guidelines should be proved be following the Korean Patterns of Care Study.