• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2022.11a
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• pp.380-382
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• 2022

해상풍력발전단지 환경평가를 위한 조류충돌저감장치를 개발하기 위하여, 천연기념물 조류를 구부할 수 있는 인공지능 카메라를 개발한다. 보호해야 할 조류를 90프로 이상 정확하게 구분하기 위한 계층구조 라벨링 방법을 고안하고 YOLO5 모델을 사용하여 학습을 수행하고, 그 결과를 보인다.

• KOREAN POULTRY JOURNAL
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• v.40 no.10
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• pp.110-113
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• 2008

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.86-99
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• 2010

Among Natural monument birds, a total of 11 species and 2,209 individuals were found in Nakdong river estuary from March 2007 to February 2008 including Eurasian Oystereacher (Haematopus ostralegus; No. 326), Mandarin Duck (Aix galericulata; No.327), Tundra Swan (Cygnus columbianus; No.201-1), Whooper Swan (Cygnus cygnus; No.201-2), Black-faced Spoonbilll (Platalea minor; No.205-1), Eurasian Spoonbill (Platalea leucorodia ; No.205-2), Steller's Sea Eagle (Haliaeetus pelagicus; No.243-3), White-tailed Sea Eagle (Haliaeetus albicilla ; No.243-4), Hen Harrier (Circus cyaneus; No.323-6), Common Kestrel (Falco tinnunculus; No.323-8) and Swan Goose (Anser cygnoides; No.325-1). Among the habitats for migratory birds in Korea, the Nakdong river estuary is the only place where more than 2,000 individuals of Whooper Swan(Cygnus cygnus) spend winter. Eulsukdo, Myeongji Flat and neighboring tidal flats (Myeonggeummeori, Baikhapdeung, Doyodeung, Jangjado, etc.) are major habitats for natural monument birds such as Eurasian Spoonbill(Platalea leucorodia ), Whooper Swan(Cygnus cygnus) and Swan Goose(Anser cygnoides). A colony of aquatic plants such as Common Bulrush(Scirpus triqueter) and Common Reed(Phragmites communis) serves as a feeding and resting place for birds in the Anatidae family including ducks, swans and geese. Plans for management and conservation of the habitats and the natural monument birds in Nakdong river estuary are as follows: minimization of water contamination, construction and management of aquatic plants habitats, protection of sandbanks, security of stable habitats, and consistent monitoring.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.50-54
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• 2021

This study was conducted to investigate the status of carcasses of wild birds among natural monuments in Korea. In Korea, from 2016 to 2020, a total of 38 species and 5,036 individual carcasses of natural monuments were found. The year 2020 saw the highest numbers of species death with 34 and in 2019 the highest number was recorded with 1,095 individuals. In autumn, the largest number of species and the smallest number of individuals were confirmed dead. On the contrary, the smallest number of species and the highest number of individuals were confirmed dead in summer. The largest number of species died in November, and the largest number of individuals died in June. Kestrels accounted for about 20% of the total carcasses, making up the largest number, followed by eagle owls, brown hawk-owls, scops owls, goshawk, eagles and sparrow hawks. In spring and summer, domestic breeding species accounted for most of the carcasses and in winter, the proportion of overwintering individuals such as wooper swans and eagles increased. Reports of lost natural monuments are done by human and the status of the carcasses alone cannot inform the population characteristics of natural monuments when they stay in Korea. However, it is expected that the identified domestic population of strigiformes which has not been investigated in detail because they are nocturnal, and data on the status of carcasses of natural monuments in Korea will provide basic data for the protection of natural monuments.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.183-192
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• 1995

This study was conducted to investigate bird community and to suggest a proper way how to manage and protect wildbirds in Chuwangsan National Park. The survey was carried out over two survey sections by the line transect method in spring, summer and autumn in 1994. Total number of observed birds were 42 species(33 species in spring, 32 species in summer, and 26 species in autumn), and the result was the same with the typical pattern of temperate bird communities. Total number of natural monument and rare birds were 7 species, which included Golden Eagle(Aquila chrysaetos), Chinese Sparrow Hawk(Accipter soloensis), Eagle Owl(Bubo bubo), etc. In breeding season, species richness was high in canopy nesting guild, and density(ea/ha) was high in hole nesting guild. Canopy foraging guild was dominated in spring and summer, ratio of bush(or ground) foraging guild was increased in autumn. Since the habitats of observed natural monuments and rare species were roughly overlapped with the nature preservation area, it is necessary to preserve the area completely and to investigate and protect these species continuously. For the protection of the bush(or ground) foraging guild, it needs to plant bushes around trails and to control users. Food plants, artificial food planting of bushs, and artificial nest are needed for the habituation of wildbirds, and as the damage of wild cats is increasing lately, it needs to control these cats.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.122-137
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to present the characteristics of tree growth and the status of the ecosystem in Yeongdeok Docheon-ri Docheon forest, which was designated as Natural Monument No. 514. Results showed that most of the soil properties were generally within desirable levels except for some properties. The forest was composed of 503 trees. Major trees included Zelkova serrata, Celtis sinensis, Cornus walteri, Diospyros lotus, Hemiptelea davidii, and Evodia daniellii. In particular, trees such as Zelkova serrata, Celtis sinensis, and Cornus walteri showed D.B.H ranging from 10cm to 70cm. These trees appeared to be major tree species since the beginning of Docheon forest's existence. The wild birds observed from the site were from 18 families, 20 species, and 95 individuals. Also were found 1 mammal species, 1 reptile species, and 1 amphibian species. A dead Aix galericulata (designated Natural Monument No. 327) was found in the forest. The annual tree diameter growth of the sample trees was 2.3mm per year on average. The average age of the overstory trees was approximately 101 years, and the oldest tree was estimated to be 300~400 years old.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.268-279
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• 2001

본 연구는 계룡산국립공원을 대상으로 계절별 야생조류의 서식 분포현황을 밝히고, 야생조류의 보호 관리를 위한 기초자료를 제공하기 위하여 실시되었다. 조사를 위하여 5개 지역을 조사지로 설정하여 2000년 4월부터 2001년 1월까지 4회에 걸쳐 야생조류 및 서식환경을 조사하였으며, 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 계룡산국립공원지역에서 조사기간동안 관찰된 야생조류는 텃새 30종, 여름철새 26종, 겨울철새 9종, 나그네새 4종으로 총 10목 29과 69종 2950개체이며, 이 중 천연기념물은 참매, 새매, 붉은배새매, 소쩍새 등 4종이 관찰되었다. 서식 종 수는 봄철 46종, 여름철 39종, 가을철 40종, 겨울철 40종이었다. 서식밀도는 봄철 7.36마리/ha,여름철 5.17마리/ha, 가을철 15.61마리/ha, 겨울철 7.4마리/ha이며, 주요 우점종은 붉은머리오목눈이, 직박구리, 박새, 쇠박새, 곤줄박이 등의 순이었다. 특히, 봄철 종 수는 이용강도가 높은 동학사 지역이 이용강도가 낮은 다른지역들 보다 낮게 나타났다. 갑사 지역은 봄에 최대 종 수를 나타내어 조류의 번식지로 유리한 것으로 나타났으며, 겨울철새의 종 수가 가장 적게 관찰된 갑사와 신원사 지역은 겨울철새가 서식하기에 불리한 것으로 판단된다.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.29-34
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• 1993

This study was conducted to investigate to compare avifauna at Taegosa area in Pukhansan with Kamapong area in Inje-gun, Korea. The observed birds at Taegosa in Pukhansan and Kamapong area were 35 individuals on species and 113 individuals on 29 species respectively. In Pukhansan area, there was severely avifauna diminishing in July in which users were concentrated. Pica pica sericea and Streptopelia orientalis orientalis were observed the dominant species in Pukhansan area and Kamapong area respectively. There were two species of national monument in these surveyed area, Otus scops stictonotus in Pukhansan area and Falco tinnunculus interstinctus in Kamapong area. Cuculus saturatus horsfields, Cuculus micropterus micropterus and Eurystomus orientalis calonyx were found out in Kamapong area to the rare bird. Species diversity and avi-ecosystems in Kamapong area were seemed to good, whereas in Pukhansan area, there was relatively poor avifauna caused by isolating with surrounding ecosystem, overusing by visitors beyond capacity and heavy acid rain. Therefore avifauna protection plans sould be made and carried out for Pukhansan National Park by thorought study with experts.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.213-220
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• 1994

This study was conducted to investigate bird community and to suggest a proper way how to manage and protect bird community in Tokyusan National Park. The survey was carried over 2 main trail districts by line transect method at 20, February and 22, July in 1993. The observed birds were belong to 5 orders 17 families 34 species, they also have Sparrow Hawk Accipiter nisus, Kestrel Falco tinunnculus(natural monument no. 323), White-backed Woodpecker Dendrocopos leucotos(R) and Japanese Waxwing Bombycilla japonica(R). It is estimated that grass region above 1,000m altitude provided breeding habitats for Gray-headed Bunting Emberiza fucata in summer and wintering habitats for Rosy Finch Leucosticte arctoa in winter, This shows that this region should be protected for inhabitation of these birds. Mujukucheontong valley of Tokyusan National Park, which had been a good habitat for valley-inhabituating birds before twenty years ago, has a lower species richness by increasing using density, and so this valley shoud be properly managed urgently.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.179-189
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• 2008

Fauna of Shinpo nuclear powerplant site were surveyed during Feb 27-Mar 4, 2003 as a part of ecological environmental survey. This area is well dominated by coniferous trees (Pinus densiflora) aging 15-50 years. In the shoreline black pine (P. thungergii) is the dominant species and was planted for wind protection. Around Shinpo areas inside 50 km in radius was found 170 bird species (18 orders, 40 families) were recorded. Natural monument in the areas were included white-stork(Cygonia boyciana) estimated 8 species of birds. Although the habitat of Shinpo area is deteriorated due to deforestation, illegal hunting, etc. the fauna seems to be rich in species. Despite the sudden halt of KEDO(Korea Peninsula Energy Development Organization) project the conservation efforts and continuous monitoring are required considering a continuation of the project.