• Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.69-73
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• 1999

A calf with derodidymus was delivered from a 3-year old Korean-native cow with abortion last ime at Jangheong area in Chonnam Province. The anomaly with body weight of 35 kg was born t the normal time of parturition. During the parturition, however, the calf with twin head was onfirmed and the complete amputation between fore and hind limb was inevitably carried out or safety of the dam. The calf had normal skeleton and extremities but had two heads and cervical vertebrae divided from upper thoracic part. At necropsy, there were found totally 3 pairs of ore limbs including two pairs of hypoplastic ones hided in the thoracic limb and also found one air of sternum. One head had incomplete torsion or unilateral hypoplasia of mandible with artly hypoplastic skull. There were marked fusion and torsion from cervical to 3rd thoracic vertebra. No abnormality was found on all organs in the pleural and abdominal cavities except a rectal stricture formed at 5 cm away from the atresia ani.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.8
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• pp.505-509
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• 2020

A migraine was a headache disorder characterized by recurrent moderate to severe headaches. The diagnosis was based on clinical signs and symptoms. Medication, physical therapy, nerve block, and nerve stimulation could be applied for treatment. This report described a case of severe migraine without aura that lasted several weeks periodically in a 59-year-old woman. Periodic headache had lasted for more than 14 years, and although she took medicines and nerve blocks, severe pain (VAS 7) was persisted. We recommended her to use the thermo-spinal massage device (CGM MB-1401, CERAGEM Inc., Cheonan, South Korea) continuously three times a week applying in semi-automatic mode around the neck for 40 minutes. There was no change in the pain scale in the automatic mode for the first 4 weeks. Subsequently, the semi-automatic mode of the cervical area was treated for 2 weeks to relieve the pain scale, and it was confirmed that the relieved state maintained for 2 months. This case highlighted the importance in considering thermo-spinal massage devices for managing migraine without aura.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.111-115
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• 2007

Background: Selective diagnostic blocks of the medial branches of the dorsal primary ramus are usually performed under the guidance of fluoroscopic or computed tomography. Recently, however, ultrasound guidance has been suggested as an altemative method. In this study, the distances between the vertebral structures were measured and compared with the values measured using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to assess the clinical feasibility of using ultrasound-guided block in Korean patients. Methods: Five male and 15 female patients were enrolled in this study. The target point of the medial branch block in our study was the groove at the base of the superior articular process, We measured the depth from the skin to the target point at the transverse process (d-TP) and to the most superficial point of the superior articular process (d-AP). Results: The d-TP and d-AP values measured under ultrasound guidance were concordant with the values measured using MRI. Conclusions: The images of the bony landmarks obtained under ultrasound examination could be useful for ultrasound-guided lumbar medial branch block.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.728-728
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 자연하상 복원을 위한 하상복원공법을 개발하여 시험구간에 적용하였다. 공법적용 대상 지역은 안양시역내의 안양천 일정구간으로 화창교로부터 상류방향으로 약 500m 거리에 웅덩이 수제공법이 적용되어 있으며, 그로부터 다시 상류방향으로 130m 떨어진 거리에 낮은 바닥막이 공법이 적용되어 있다. 낮은 바닥막이 공법의 경우 완만한 곡류사주의 직상류 부로서 강한 수류와 함께 빠른 유속이 형성될 경우 하상의 세굴이 예상되어 이를 방지하기 위해 저수로의 유하방향으로 완만한 호형으로 설치하였으며, 웅덩이형수제 공법은 완만한 곡류로 좌안 수충부가 형성되어 있어 물의 흐름방향과 유속을 제어하여 흐름에 의한 호안침식을 방지하기 위해 현 위치를 선정 및 적용하였다. 첫 번째, 경관모니터링 결과 낮은 바닥막이 공법과 웅덩이 수제 공법을 적용한 구간에서 대규모 홍수 이후에도 저수로 호안과 하상의 안정성이 유지되었으며, 이는 공법 설치 전 후 하상 경관의 변화가 거의 없어 수리적 안정성 유지를 하고 있다고 볼 수 있다. 또한 웅덩이 수제 공법 설치 후, 미소서식처가 형성되면서 포식자인 왜가리, 백로류를 지속적으로 관찰할 수 있어 어류서식처로서의 기능이 강화되었음을 간접적으로 확인하였다. 두 번째, 생태계 모니터링 결과 저서성 무척추동물의 경우 한국오수생물지수(KSI)는 낮은 바닥막이 공법을 적용하여 하상구조가 변화된 조사 지점 st.1의 환경상태가 "양호"에서 "최적"으로 변화하였기 때문에 공법 적용이 서식처 건강성 증진에 도움을 준 것으로 판단된다. 세 번째, 수질 모니터링 결과 용존산소의 경우 상부지점보다 하부지점이 낮게 나타나는 결과를 보여주었다. 낮은 바닥막이 공법에 의한 용존산소 상승효과보다는 다양한 서식처의 제공이라는 측면이 보다 중요한 효과를 나타낸다. 결과적으로, 공법의 실용화를 위한 적용 공법에 대한 생태계 모니터링 및 평가를 통하여 하천에서의 다양한 서식처(Habitat) 창출을 통해 수생 생물의 다양성을 증진시키고, 하천 하상공법에 대한 생태계의 조사 및 평가기법을 확보하여 연구성과를 다른 하천으로의 확대 적용 할 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.30 no.sup2
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• pp.235-241
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• 2001

Objective : Controversy exists which surgical treatment better in lumbar grade I spondylolisthesis, decompressive laminectomy with or without lumbar instrumentation. Methods : Out of Sixty-four patients with lumbar spondylolisthesis underwent surgery, 18 patients operated with decompressive laminectomy alone and 44 patients with decompession and lumbar instrument, during recent 5-years between January, 1994 and December, 1998. The author studied a long term follow-up in the above two groups to analyzing the overall clinical outcomes in each group and to determining the incidence of pos-toperative radiologic instability. Results : 1) Overall postoperative symptoms improvement were not so different in both groups. 2) Postoperative progressive subluxation is more common after decompressive laminectomy without instrumentation than with instrumentation group. 3) Overall clinical outcomes were slightly better in decompressive laminectomy without instrumentation than with instrumentation group but there was no significant difference. 4) Postoperative radiologic changes did not seem to influence the patient-reported clinical outcomes. 5) Postoperative complications is more common in decompressive laminectomy with instrumentation group than without instrumentation group. Conclusion : In the surgical management of grade I spondylolisthesis, the efficiency and superiority of surgical treatments requires the cost effectiveness and risk/benefit analysis of decompressive laminectomy with or without instrumentation. Therefore, Further detailed studies of long term follow up in a large number of patients in each group are needed for choice of best treatment.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.543-549
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• 2000

Objective : In contrary to ganglion cyst that commonly develops in connective tissue of peripheral joint or tendon, spinal ganglion cysts have been rarely reported. The authors report five cases of spinal ganglion cysts which originated from posterior longitudinal ligament of the lumbar spine. Methods : The authors retrospectively analyzed clinical, radiological, and surgical findings of five cases of spinal ganglion cysts and speculated the pathogenesis of spinal ganglion cyst. Result : Cysts were excised totally and symptoms improved without complications in all cases. Intraoperative findings revealed cysts that were tightly adherent to posterior longitudinal ligament. Conclusion : Five cases of ganglion cyst which caused similar symptoms and signs those of lumbar disc herniations were excised successfully. MRI and operative findings suggested spinal ganglion cyst of posterior longitudinal ligament were closely associated with disc degeneration which imply disc degeneration or herniation may play an important role in the pathogenesis of ganglion cyst.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.152-164
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• 2019

In this study, a Benthic Macroinvertebrates Family Index (BMFI) was developed using 100 indicator groups (99 families including Chironomidae with 2 phena). Families were assigned a score between 1 and 10 depending on their sensitivity to organic pollution. The BMFI was composed of the sensitivity and relative abundance of the indicator taxa. Sensitivity values of each group were generally similar to Biological Monitoring Working Party (BMWP) scores or Walley, Hawkes, Paisley, Trigg (WHPT) scores of UK, Japanese BMWP scores, and the FBI tolerance values of North America. However, sensitivity values of some taxa were significantly different from those of foreign countries, which seemed to have resulted from discrepancy in species composition, difference of taxonomic classification system, or methodological difference for estimation of sensitivity. As an annual average level, BMFI showed significant correlation with concentration of 5-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) (correlation coefficient r = -0.80, n = 569 sites), total suspended solids (r = -0.68), and total phosphorus (r = -0.79). In addition, BMFI revealed strong correlation with Shannon-Weaver's species diversity (r = 0.85), Margalef's species richness (r = 0.85) and McNaughton's dominance (r = -0.84). Correlation between BMFI and water quality parameters or community indices such as species diversity did not show significant difference compared to that of species-level indices such as BMI (Benthic Macroinvertebrates Index). This means that BMFI is a more useful indicator in terms of easy identification of organisms. BMFI was used to assess the environmental status of 3,017 sites of Stream Ecosystem Survey conducted by the Korean Ministry of Environment between 2016 and 2018. As a result, about half of all sites appeared to be in good condition, and a quarter in poor condition.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2021.06a
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• pp.283-283
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• 2021

혼합대는 지표수와 지하수의 수리적 교환이 일어나는 경계부로써 1) 수문학적 관점에서는 하도와 하상간의 물교환이 이루어지는 공간으로 다양한 물리적·화학적 작용이 발생, 2) 생지화학적인 관점에서는 하상 간극수 흐름에 의한 전이대(ecotone)를 형성하여 용존산소·영양물질·용존유기탄소의 이동뿐만이 아니라 지하수로부터 열에너지·무기염류의 공급을 유도하면서 높은 생지화학적 활동과 변환을 야기하는 산화·환원 반응구역, 3) 생태적인 관점에서는 저서생물과 지하 유기체종을 특징으로 하는 서식지이나 잠재적인 레퓨지움(refugium) 등의 관점에서 해석될 수 있다. 국내 하천환경의 생태학적 지속가능성을 위한 지표수-지하수 혼합대 관리에 대한 중요성이 점차 증대되고 있지만 우리나라는 여전히 지하수의 이용 및 보전과 지하수의 안정적인 수량·수질 확보를 목표로 관리를 추진하고 있다. 따라서, 실질적인 지표수-지하수 혼합대에서 발생하는 다양한 현상의 이해나 관리방안에 관한 연구는 아직 미비한 상황이다. 지표수-지하수 혼합대에 관한 보고서, 논문 등을 종합하여 혼합대의 영향인자를 살펴보면 1) 수리수문 특성에는 수리전도도·하천 수위·하천 유속·하천수 수온, 2) 수질 특성에는 유기오염물질·영양염류, 3) 수생태 특성에는 대형무척추동물 등으로 분류할 수 있다. 지금까지 단일 연구분야의 접근방법으로 다양한 현장측정기법 및 모델링을 통한 혼합대 연구가 수행되고 있지만, 혼합대가 가지는 환경적 중요성에 대한 이해와 인식이 부족하고, 혼합대 내부에서 발생하는 복합적인 프로세스로 인해 전문가들조차 연구에 어려움을 가질 것이다. 지표수-지하수 혼합대의 효율적인 관리를 위해서는 수리수문·수질·수생태 등 다양한 시각에서 접근하여 학제간 융합연구를 통해 기초 데이터를 상호교환하고, 기존의 혼합대 조사에 부족한 부분을 해결할 필요가 있다. 향후 하천 기저유출 및 혼합대 기초자료 구축, 혼합대 흐름 정량화, 하천복원사업에 의한 혼합대 영향 규명 등의 연구를 수행함으로써 혼합대를 체계적으로 관리할 수 있는 기술 방안을 제시할 필요가 있다.

• Journal of TMJ Balancing Medicine
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• v.13 no.sup
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• pp.27-33
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to describe the effects of temporomandibular joint balancing therapy on a patient with a spinal accessory neuropathy. A patient reported sternocleidomastoid muscle and trapezius muscle weakness after self-massage. The patient was instructed to wear the Accurate Balancing Appliance (ABA) for at least 8 hours per day and maintain an upright posture. The patient received cervical spine manipulation on day 2, 4, and 6. The patient's progress was tracked based on the angle at which the head turned to the right from the midline when she lifted her head while lying down, as well as the muscle strength and pain in the right trapezius muscle. The patient recovered spontaneously after 7 days. The ABA and cervical spine manipulation assisted the patient in reducing fatigue and discomfort during daily activities.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.216-227
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to propose the rational mountain stream management strategy considering the natural conditions and social needs of the Republic of Korea. We reviewed domestic and overseas studies related to mountain streams, identified the study areas by text mining and co-word analysis using the VOSviewer program, and then analyzed the spatial and temporal study trends and topics of each study area. The results showed that domestic studies on mountain streams are still in an initial stage compared to overseas studies. Overseas studies on mountain streams can be classified into four groups: (i) habitat and species composition of fish and invertebrates, (ii) hydrological phenomena and nutrient migration, (iii) transport of sediment and organic materials and the relevant morphological changes by runoff flows, and (iv) plant species composition in mountain streams. Of these study subjects, domestic studies belonging to the (i) group mainly focused on macroinvertebrates while domestic studies belonging to the (iii) group regarded transport of sediment and organic materials as not the ecological disturbance but the source of sediment-related disasters. We then analyzed the rate of each research group to all papers by period and country. The results showed that the overseas studies belonging to (iii) and (iv) groups have increased with time, and the increase was mostly due to the studies in the United States, Brazil, Canada, and China. On the other hand, domestic studies belonging to (i) and (iii) groups increased somewhat with time, but there was a slight lack of correlation between the two subjects. Therefore, the hybridity studies to complement the shortage is necessary for the future.