• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to investigate the kinematic and kinetic changes that may occur in the pelvic and spine regions during cross-legged sitting postures. Experiments were performed on sixteen healthy subjects. Data were collected while the subject sat in 4 different sitting postures for 5 seconds: uncrossed sitting with both feet on the floor (Posture A), sitting while placing his right knee on the left knee (Posture B), sitting by placing right ankle on left knee (Posture C), and sitting by placing right ankle over the left ankle (Posture D). The order of the sitting posture was random. The sagittal plane angles (pelvic tilt, lumbar A-P curve, thoracic A-P curve) and the frontal plane angles (pelvic obliquity, lumber lateral curves, thoracic lateral curves) were obtained using VICON system with 6 cameras and analyzed with Nexus software. The pressure on each buttock was measured using Tekscan. Repeated one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the angle and pressure across the four postures. The Bonferroni's post hoc test was used to determine the differences between upright trunk sitting and cross-legged postures. In sagittal plane, cross-legged sitting postures showed significantly greater kyphotic curves in lumbar and thoracic spine when compared uncrossed sitting posture. Also, pelvic posterior tilting was greater in cross-legged postures. In frontal plane, only height of the right pelvic was significantly higher in Posture B than in Posture A. Finally, in Posture B, the pressure on the right buttock area was greater than Posture A and, in Posture C, the pressure on the left buttock area was greater than Posture A. However, all dependent variables in both planes did not demonstrate any significant difference among the three cross-legged postures (p>.05). The findings suggest that asymmetric changes in the pelvic and spine region secondary to the prolonged cross-legged sitting postures may cause lower back pain and deformities in the spine structures.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.274-307
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• 2002

The TLSO was customized for this study in OO ortho-prosthesis institute from Jan. 1th., 2000 to Dec. 31th., 2000 and in order to measure effects of TLSO. 20 females in a growth period applicable to medical care took part in this study, they were on accidental spine scoliosis (From $15^{\circ}to35^{\circ}$). They were consisted of Group I(10 chest-bend) and Group II (10 dual-bend). The results were follows: 1. It showed the average difference in height by 1.37cm, 3.14cm in comparison between before and after TLSO, before and after one year and they were also statistically available(p < .05). 2. It showed the average difference in Cobb angle of a chest and waist by ($-10.95^{\circ},-8.50^{\circ}$), between before and right after TLSO. The results means that the Cobb angle of the chest and weist at right after TLSO was largely decreased, and it was also statistically available(p < .05). 3. It showed the difference in Cobb angle of the chest waist by $-9.50^{\circ},-7.35^{\circ} $ between before and one year after TLSO. It means that the Cobb angle of the chest and waist at the one year after TLSO was largely decreased, and it was also statistically available(p < .05). 4. It showed the difference in Cobb angle of the chest and waist by $2.34^{\circ},2.15^{\circ} $ between the right after and the one year after. TLSO, but the change of Cobb angle of the chest was regularly constant by a little increased, and it was also statistically available(p < .05). 5. In the measurement of the change of Cobb angle of the chest and waist according to the taking time on TLSO, it showed the slightest change in 10 people on TLSO for 23 hours by $13.30^{\circ},11.20^{\circ}$ , the change in 6 people on TLSO for 16 hours by $14.75^{\circ},12.67^{\circ}$, the change in 4 people on TLSO for 8 hours by $16.83^{\circ},14.00^{\circ} $ in this order. It means that the longer time on TLSO was to be the smaller the Cobb angle of the chest and waist, but it was not statistically available.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.139-149
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of angle change of forefoot's adhesive outsole on the electromyographic activity (EMG) of the erector spinae and selected lower limbs muscle during downhill walking over $-20^{\circ}$ ramp. Thirteen male university students (age: $25.4{\pm}3.9$ yrs, height: $176.2{\pm}5.1$ cm, weight: $717.4{\pm}105.0$ N) who have no musculoskeletal disorder were recruited as the subjects. To assess the myoelectric activities of selected muscles, six of surface EMG electrodes with on-site pre-amplification circuitry were attached to erector spinae (ES), rectus femoris (RF), biceps femoris (BF), tibialis anterior (TA), lateral gastrocnemius (LG), and medial gastrocnemius (MG). To obtain maximum EMG levels of the selected muscles for normalization, five maximum effort isometric contraction were performed before the experimental trials. Each subject walked over $0^{\circ}$ and $20^{\circ}$ ramp with three different forefeet's EVA outsole (0, 10, $20^{\circ}$) in random order at a speed of $1.2{\pm}0.1$ m/s. For each trial being analyzed, five critical instants and four phases were identified from the recording. The results of this study showed that the average muscle activities of MG and LG decreased in $20^{\circ}$ shoes compared to $0^{\circ}$ and $10^{\circ}$ ones in the initial double limb stance (IDLS). In initial single limb stance (ISLS) phase, the average muscle activities of ES increased with the angle of forefoot's adhesive outsole, indicating that the increment of shoes' angle induce upper body to flex anteriorly in order to maintain balance of trunk. In terminal double limb stance (TDLS) phase, average muscle activities of TA significantly increased in $20^{\circ}$ outsole compared to $0^{\circ}$ and $10^{\circ}$ ones. There was no external forces acting on the right foot other than the gravity during terminal single limb stance (TSLS) phase, all muscles maintained moderate levels of activity.

• 트랜스-
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• 제8권
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• pp.95-127
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• 2020

본 연구는 태극권 움직임에서 신체의 이완방법을 개발하기 위해 바티니에프 기본원리를 적용하여 태극권 움직임의 원리를 분석하였다. 이 연구과정을 통해 태극권과 바티니에프의 신체 움직임이 일맥상통한다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 첫째, 태극권과 바티니에프의 신체 움직임 철학 각도에서 살펴보면 두 기법의 궁극적인 목표는 모두 정신과 신체의 통합이다. 즉 동양의 심신일원론(心身一元論)과 서양의 신체자각(Body Awareness)이 일맥상통하였다. 둘째, 바티니에프가 제시한 호흡지지의 측면에서 살펴보면 두 기법은 모두 호흡을 통해 신체를 자연스럽게 움직이게 하고 각 부위를 이완시킨다. 태극권에서 기(氣)는 생명의 바탕이며 신(身)의 힘이다. 즉, 태극권의 호흡은 몸과 마음(Body- Mind)을 소통, 조화, 융화시킬 수 있는 것이다. 다시 말해서 태극권의 호흡은 정신적인 융합을 통하여 이루어지며 움직임에 영향을 주었다. 바티니에프의 호흡지지도 마찬가지다. 바티니에프의 호흡은 모든 관점에서 움직임에 영향을 주고 호흡은 몸의 내부와 외부의 형태를 모두 변화시킨다고 한다. 셋째, 바티니에프가 제시한 중심부지지의 측면에서 살펴보면 두 기법은 모두 중심을 강조하였다. 중심 지지를 의식하면서 움직이면 몸의 표면적인 근육보다는 좀 더 깊은 근육을 사용할 수 있으며 이를 통해 강하고 유연한 움직임을 가능하게 하였다. 태극권의 기침단전(氣沉丹田)은 의식적으로 복식호흡을 사용하고 힘을 중심으로 모은다. 이러한 운동을 할 때 중심은 더 안정되고 호흡 역시 순조로워진다. 넷째, 바티니에프 기본원리에서 제시한 회전적 요인의 측면에서 살펴보면 모두 회전을 사용한 움직임을 통해 신체 이완이라는 목적을 이루게 된다. 바티니에프의 회전적 요인은 축을 중심으로 3차원적으로 움직이는 관절운동이라는 특성을 인지함으로써 동작을 더욱 쉽게 하고 자유롭게 할 수 있었다. 태극권도 마찬가지다. 태극권은 원형과 나선형(Spiral Movement)의 움직임을 통해서 공간을 최대한 접근하고 매끄럽게 흐름을 전환해서 이완이라는 목적을 이루게 되었다. 다섯 번째, 코헨(Bonnie Bainbridge Cohen)의 Body-Mind Centering Work 이론을 토대로 바티네에프가 정립한 발달 모형의 각도에서 살펴보면 태극권의 움직임의 발전과정과 발달 모형에서 제시한의 호흡, 중심-말초부 연결 / 중앙 반사, 머리- 꼬리뼈 연결 / 척추의 움직임, 상체-하체 연결 / 상응하는 움직임, 신체의 반쪽 연결 / 동종 편측 연결, 교차 측면 연결 / 대측 연결 모두 일맥상통함을 알 수 있었다. 즉 태극권은 호흡을 통해 에너지를 중심으로 모으고, 요추를 통해 상체와 하체를 연결하며 움직임이 발전할 때 동종 편측 연결뿐만 아니라 교차 측면 연결을 할 수 있다. 이러한 연구를 통해 무용의 움직임을 자연스럽게 표현하고, 신체 자각을 토대로 중심축과 관절, 및 균형을 이용한 신체의 움직임 원리를 분석해낼 수 있었다.