• Journal of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea
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• v.10 no.6 s.52
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• pp.93-102
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• 2006

Control input's saturation of active control devices for large structures under large external disturbances are often occurred. It is more difficult to obtain the exact values of mass and stiffness as structures are higher. The modelling errors between mathematical models and real structures must be also included as parameter uncertainties. Therefore, in active vibration control of civil engineering structures like buildings and bridges, the robust saturation controller design method considering both control input's saturation and parameter uncertainties of system is needed. In this paper, stabilities of linear optimal controller LQR, modified bang-bang controller, saturated sliding mode controller, and robust saturation controller among various controllers which have been studied and applied to active vibration control of buildings are investigated. Especially, unstable phenomena of the LQR, the modified bang-bang controller and the saturated sliding mode controller when the control input is saturated or parameter uncertainties exist are presented to show the necessity of the robust saturation controller. The robust stability of the robust saturation controller are shown through a numerical example of a 2DOF linear vibrating system and an experimental test of the two-story structure with an active mass damper (AMD).

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.51-63
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• 1982

Stability of a PWR core against xenon-induced axial power oscillation is studied using one-dimensional xenon trausient analysis code, DD1D, that has been developed and verified at KAERI. Analyzed by DD1D utilizing the Kori Unit 1 design and operating data is the sensitivity of axial stability in a PWR core to the changes in core physical parameters including core power level, moderator temperature coefficient, core inlet temperature, doppler power coefficient and core average turnup. Through the sensitivity study the Kori Unit 1 core is found to be stable against axial xenon oscillation at the beginning of cycle 1. But, it becomes less stable as turnup progresses, and unstable at the end of the cycle. Such a decrease in stability is mainly due to combined effect of changes in axial power distribution, moderator temperature coefficient and doppler power coefficient as core turnup progresses. It is concluded from the stability analysis of the Kori Unit 1 core that design of a large PWR with high power density and increased dimension can not avoid xenon-induced axial power instabilities to some extents, especially at the end of cycle.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.1-15
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• 2008

Recently, because of the various factors by uncertainty of underground, the risks in tunnelling have been occurred increasingly. Therefore, it is very important to estimate and control the risks considering geotechnical conditions for tunnel stability and environmental problems by tunnel construction. In this study, the risk analysis for tunnel stability was carried out by classifying the risk factors such as ground support capacity, ground settlement, the inflow of groundwater into the tunnel and the damage by the earthquake. Also, the risk assessment for the environmental problems was performed by calculating the vibration and noise by blasting and the drawdown of the groundwater level caused by tunnel construction. Each risk factor was evaluated quantitatively based on the probabilistic and statistic technique, then it was analyzed the distribution characteristic along overall tunnel site. Finally, it was evaluated that how much each risk factor influences on the construction cost with a period for tunnel construction, so it is possible to perform reasonable tunnel design which was capable of minimizing the risks in the tunnel construction.

• Computational Structural Engineering
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.12-23
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• 1993

본 고에서는 현재 설계 완료 상태에 있는 서대해대교 사장교의 내풍설계를 위한 풍동실험을 중심으로 풍동실험의 계획단계에서부터 제작방법, 교량가설 지점에서의 기류형태에 대한 MODELING 방법, 풍동실험의 전반적 방법, 난류상태에서의 실험결과 등을 소개하였다. Computer로부터 계산된 고유진동수를 비교한 결과, 그 값이 잘 일치함으로써 모형제작이 우수한 것으로 판단되었다. 교량 자체의 안정성은 100년 빈도 풍속을 기준으로 안전율이 약 2.4를 유지함으로써 매우 안정한 것으로 입증되었고, Vortex Shedding 진동현상도 보이지 않음으로써 교형단면 형상은 적절히 선정되었음이 밝혀졌다. 따라서, 본 실험에서 사용된 방법 및 경험은 향후 건설될 장대교에 대한 내풍설계용 풍동실험에 많은 도움이 될 것으로 사료된다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 1990.10a
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• pp.193-198
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• 1990

전자기 베어링은 기계적 접촉이 없고 전기적 제어가 가능하여 최근 고속 정 밀 회전기에 사용되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 능동 자기베어링을 모형화하고 제어 이득에 따른 계의 안정성 판별 및 응답특성의 변화를 고찰하였다. 이를 토대로 두개의 반경방향 베어링과 회전체를 제작하고 아날로그 제어회로를 구성하여 안정되게 회전체를 부상시킬수 있었으며 이로부터 계의 응답특성 을 구하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 1999.07a
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• pp.138-138
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• 1999

자장 여과 진공 아크법(Filtered Vacuum Arc :FVA)에 의해 증착된 비정질 다이아몬드 박막은 기계적, 광학적 특성이 매우 우수하여 많은 연구자들의 관심의 대상이 되어 왔다. 그러나 아크의 불안정성은 자장 여과 아크 소스의 연속적인 운전을 제한하고, 결과적으로 낮은 생산성을 가져왔다. 본 연구에서는 음극의 형태 및 음극 부근에서의 자기장의 구조를 음극 부식 거동의 관점에서 수치모사 및 실험을 통해서 조사하였다. 소스 전자석과 인출 전자석의 자극 방향이 평행하게 된 구조에서 (magnetic mirror configuration), 음극 후면에 반대 방향의 자극을 가지는 영구자석을 돔으로서 아크 불안정성을 억제할 수 있었다. 또한 소스 전자석에 진동하는 전류를 인가함으로써 아크 스팟의 운동 면적을 효과적으로 확장할 수 있었다. 시간 변화에 따른 빔 전류의 변화로부터 테이프형 음극이 우물형 음극에 비하여 더 안정하다는 것을 확인하였다. 진동하는 소스 전자석의 전류와 직경 80mm의 테이퍼형 음극을 사용하여, 아크 전류 60A에서 약 2000분 동안 사용하였으며, 이때 부식된 부피는 사용 가능한 음극 부피의 약 90%였다. 그리고 약 350mA의 안정한 빔 전류를 현재의 조건에서 얻었다.

• Journal of KSNVE
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.196-205
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• 1999

The existence. bifurcation. and the orbital stability of periodic motions, which is called nonlinear normal mode, in a nonlinear dual mass Hamiltonian system. which has 6th order homogeneous polynomial as a nonlinear term. are studied in this paper. By direct integration of the equations of motion. Poincare Map. which is a mapping of a phase trajectory onto 2 dimensional surface in 4 dimensional phase space. is obtained. And via the Birkhoff-Gustavson canonical transformation, the analytic expression of the invariant curves in the Poincare Map is derived for small value of energy. It is found that the nonlinear system. which is considered in this paper. has 2 or 4 nonlinear normal modes depending on the value of nonlinear parameter. The Poincare Map clearly shows that the bifurcation modes are stable while the mode from which they bifurcated out changes from stable to unstable.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.959-972
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• 2017

In evaluation of blast-induced vibration, peak particle velocity (PPV) is generally calculated by using attenuation relation curve. Calculated velocity is compared with the value in legal requirements or the standards to determine the stability. Attenuation relation curve varies depending on frequency of test blasting, geological structure of the site and blasting condition, so it is difficult to predict accurately using such an equation. Since PPV is response value from the ground, direct evaluation of the structure is impractical. Because of such a limit, engineers tend to use the commercial numerical analysis program in evaluating the stability of the structure more accurately. However, when simulate the explosion process using existing numerical analysis program, it's never easy to accurately simulate the complex conditions (fracture, crushing, cracks and plastic deformation) around blasting hole. For simulating such a process, the range for modelling will be limited due to the maximum node count and it requires extended calculation time as well. Thus, this study is intended to simulate the elastic energy after fractured zone only, instead of simulating the complex conditions of the rock that results from the blast, and the analysis of response characteristics of the velocity depending on shape and size of the fractured zone was conducted. As a result, difference in velocity and attenuation character were calculated depending on fractured zone around the blast source appeared. Propagation of vibration tended to spread spherically as it is distanced farther from the blast source.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.225-230
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• 1988

Emulsion stability, viscosity, and oil particle size of mayonnaise, prepared at various egg yolk contents, were investigated. With increasing of the egg yolk ratio, emulsion stability became stronger, viscosity became higher, and oil particle size became smaller. Freezing stability of mayonnaise containing below 6.5% egg yolk was reduced significantly. Referring to vibration separation, it was observed that stability of mayonnaise containing 2% and 3.5% egg yolk was very low and containing over 5% egg yolk was stable relatively. Viscosity of mayonnaise, stored at $-10^{\circ}C$, was reduced significantly during first 24hrs. and then levelled off. Oil particle size of mayonnaise, stored at $-10^{\circ}C$, became larger with increasing the storage time and the tendency to change was apparent in the sample containing below 6.5% egg yolk.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 2011.04a
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• pp.606-609
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• 2011

본 연구에서는 실제 케이슨 방파제 구조물의 진동기반 안정성 평가를 위한 기초연구로서, 현장실험을 통해 케이슨 방파제 구조물의 진동응답을 분석하였다. 이를 위해 첫째, 대상구조물로서 부산항 오륙도 케이슨 방파제를 선정하였다. 둘째, 파랑에 의한 상시진동 가속도응답을 계측하였다. 마지막으로, 계측된 가속도신호로부터 파워스펙트럼밀도함수, 고유진동수 및 모드강성도 분석을 통해 케이슨 방파제의 진동특성을 분석하였다.