• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.43-52
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• 2014

This paper examined the effect of step-wise excavation depth on the earth pressure against an excavation wall in rock mass. Numerical parametric studies were conducted based on the Discrete Element Method (DEM) to carry out the problems in rock mass. Controlled parameters included step-wise excavation depth, rock types, and joint conditions (joint shear strength and joint inclination angle). The magnitude and distribution characteristics of the induced earth pressure in a jointed rock mass were investigated and compared with Peck's earth pressure for soil ground. The results showed that the earth pressure against an excavation wall in rock mass were highly affected by different rock and joint conditions, and the effect of step-wise excavation depth increased as a rock type is deteriorated more. In addition, it was found that the earth pressure against an excavation wall in rock mass might be considerably different from Peck's empirical earth pressure for soil ground.

• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.95-99
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• 2002

3.5KHz subbottom profiling systems are useful for delineating of shallow (up to 10~100m below the sea bottom) geological structure. These systems are generally used to image geological structures with less than 1m of vertical resolution. However swell in the sea is quite often higher than 1m, causing degradation in the quality of the 3.5KHz subbottom profiles. In this paper, we show the quality of digitally recorded data can be enhanced by the suppression of swell effect. Prior to suppression of swell effect, sea bottom detection procedure was applied using the characteristics that the amplitude of sea bottom reflection is high. To suppress the swell effect, we applied moving average method and high-cut filtering method using the extracted water depth of adjacent traces. Acceptable results were obtained from both methods. In the case of bad quality data or shallow data interfered with direct wave, the suppression of swell effect is difficult due to incorrect sea bottom detection.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.293-307
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• 2012

Shear wave velocity is commonly invoked in explaining geophysical phenomena and in solving geotechnical engineering problems. In particular, the importance of shear wave velocity in geotechnical earthquake engineering has been widely recognized for seismic design and seismic performance evaluation. In the present study, various insitu seismic tests were performed to evaluate geotechnical dynamic characteristics at 183 sites in Korea, and shear wave velocity profiles with depth were determined to be representative of the dynamic properties at the investigated sites. Subsurface soil and rock layers at the target sites were reclassified into five geotechnical layers: fill, alluvial soil, weathered soil, weathered rock, and bedrock, taking into account their general uses in geotechnical earthquake engineering practice. Average shear wave velocity profiles for the five geotechnical layers were obtained by synthesizing the shear wave velocity profiles from seismic tests in the field. Based on the profiles, a representative shear wave velocity value was determined for each layer, for use in engineering seismology and geotechnical earthquake engineering.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.425-434
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• 2019

It is important to ensure the seismic safety of pile-bent bridges constructed in areas with thick soft ground consisting of various soil layers against seismic motion in these layers. In this study, several synthetic seismic waves that are compatible with the seismic design spectrum for rock sites were generated, and the ground acceleration history of each soil layer was obtained based on ground analyses. Using these acceleration histories, each soil layer was modeled using equivalent linear springs, and multi-support excitation analyses were performed using the input motion obtained at each soil layer. Due to the nonlinear behavior of the soft soil layers, the intensity of the input ground motion was not amplified, which resulted in the elastic behavior of the bridge. In addition, inputting the acceleration history obtained from a particular layer simultaneously into all the ground springs reduced the response. Therefore, the seismic performance of this type of bridge might be overestimated if multi-excitation analysis is not performed.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.49-62
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• 2022

Borehole Data is geotechnical information provided so that workers can safely perform construction at the field. It creates 3D data and supports viewing as a 3D image. Currently, all Korean companies that develop programs using 3D visualization use the MVS program developed by C Tech Development Corporation. However, the MVS program is a commercial program, and it is difficult to use MVS in 3D related programs developed by Korean Companies. In this paper, we propose to develop a program that can replace MVS to generate a 3D stratum model from clustered borehole information using Python's Gempy open-source. The 3D stratum model program can creates point data for each stratum and can creates a surface for each stratum through interpolation. Then, the 3D stratum model program is completed by merging the surfaces of each stratum. It was confirmed that there was no difference when a 3D model was created and compared with the MVS program and the proposed program from the borehole data of a Goyang area.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.28 no.10
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• pp.55-68
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• 2012

The west seacoast has approximately 83% of tidal flat in Korea. Gyeonggi-do and Inchon has 35.1%. This study was carried out to understand depositional environment and properties of tidal deposits that distributed in the Gyeonggi bay. On the basis of observation and description on mineralogical, geochemical, physical properties, detailed sedimentary unit has been respectively distinguished Based on. stratigraphic position, facies and unconformity, the intertidal zones are classified into four sedimentary units, and bedrock over the units has been developed in the order of Unit 4${\rightarrow}$Unit 3${\rightarrow}$Unit 2${\rightarrow}$Unit 1. The intertidal sediment deposits of Gyeonggi Bay were compared with those of west coast. In Cheongra area all strata of Unit 4-Unit 3-Unit 2-Unit 1 appear. In Yeongjong-do Unit 2-Unit 1, in Incheon Bridge and Songdo area Unit 4-Unit 3-Unit 1 are observed. In Daesan area Unit 4-Unit 3-Unit 1 are observed. Average clay mineral content ratio is 8.2% in Cheongra area, 2.9% in Yeongjong Island, 18.4% in Incheon Bridge, 24.6% in Songdo area.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.26 no.6C
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• pp.431-443
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• 2006

As part of a fundamental characterization for subsurface layers in Korea, the weathering degree and shear wave velocity ($V_S$) were evaluated from the X-ray fluorescence analyses and the site investigations containing boring and in-situ seismic tests, respectively, for decomposed granite layer in Hongsung. The subsurface layers at Hongsung were composed of 10 to 40 m thickness of weathered layer in most sites. According to the results of weathering degree analyses in Hongsung, it was examined that three chemical weathering indexes such as MWPI, VR and WIP generally increased with decreasing depth. From the in-situ seismic tests, the $V_S$ was determined as the range between 200 and 500 m/s in weathered layer. Based on the $V_S$ and N value at borehole seismic testing sites, N-$V_S$ correlations were established for weathered layer. Furthermore, the relationships of three representative weathering indexes with the $V_S$ and N value indicated that the MWPI, WIP and 100/VR increased linearly as increasing $V_S$ and exponentially as increasing N value.

• Journal of the Speleological Society of Korea
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• v.35 no.36
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• pp.43-53
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• 1993

월둔굴은 그 성인상으로 보아 종유동굴 즉 석회동굴이다. 즉 석회암 지층이 땅 표면에 덮고 있을때, 이 땅 표면에 비가 내리면 그 빗물이 이 석회암층을 용식하면서 땅속으로 스며들어간다. 이때 땅속에 침투한 지하수의 물방울들은 그 모두가 지층인 석회암층을 누비면서 흘러들어온 빗방울 즉, 지하수의 물줄기가 흘러나아간 지하수 통로가 바로 동굴인 것이다. 이때의 동굴은 석회암층에서 형성되었기 때문에 성인상 석회동굴이다.(중략)

• Journal of the Speleological Society of Korea
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• v.26 no.27
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• pp.35-55
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• 1991

원둔굴은 그 성인상으로 보아 종유굴 즉 석회동굴에 속한다. 즉 석회암지층이 땅 표면에 덮고 있을 때 이 땅 표면에 비간 내리면 그 빗물이 이 석회암층을 용식하면서 땅속으로 스며들어간다. 이때 땅속에 침투한 지하수의 물방울들은 그 모두가 지층인 석회암층을 누비면서 흘러 들어온 빗방울 즉 지하수의 물줄기가 흘러 나아간 지하수통로가 바로 동굴인 것이다. 이때 이동굴은 석회암층에서 형성되었기 때문에 성인상 석회동굴이다.(중략)

• Journal of the Speleological Society of Korea
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• v.34 no.35
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• pp.23-31
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• 1993

환선굴은 이른바 복합형이면서도 토출형의 석회동굴이다. 동굴내 지형의 기복이 다양하고 동굴 내부에 수많은 대소의 폭포와 여울이 걸려 있는 동굴유가 풍부한 동굴이며 동굴의 2차생성물은 이 동굴의 지표면을 이루고 있는 지층이 빈약하므로 2차생성물의 성장이 활발하지 못한 동굴이다. 동굴 천정의 지층 구조로 보아 제 Ⅰ지구에서는 비교적 이차생성물이 발달되고 있으나 그밖의 동굴 내부지역에서는 발달이 미약하다.(중략)