• International Area Studies Review
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.585-602
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• 2011

This study is to investigate the long run convergence behavior of the housing rent of Korean 21 cities, by using the Phillips and Sul (2007)'s newly developed panel convergence test method. The empirical result shows that the 21 Korean cities nationwide converge in four different groups according to the level of convergence. The 1st group is composed of 3 Seoul metropolitan cities, the 2nd group is composed of Bucheon, the 3rd group is composed of 10 cities such as Busan, Daegu, etc, and the 4th group is composed of 7 cities including Jeonju and Mokpo etc. About the speed of convergence among the member cities within the group, the 1st group has the highest speed and next the 4th group, followed by the 2nd group, and finally the 3rd group. The fact that the member cities of the 1st group with the highest rent level and the 4th group with the lowest rent level converges rapidly means the polarization of rent between the two groups. Finally, this paper suggests policy implications to relax the widening gap of individual income between the higher and the lower rent convergent groups.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.19 no.8
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• pp.197-205
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to analyse on the internet use of Korean older adults focused on their socioeconomic characteristics. For this study, data were collected through the face to face interview with aged over 60 using a questionnaire for the residence of Daegu and Kyungsang Buk-Do areas. Subjects were divided into socioeconomic characteristics such as gender, education level, economic level, religion, and life satisfaction. The data were analysed the elderly's internet use such as frequency of internet access, motivation of internet use, utilization of internet, and usefulness of internet based on their socioeconomic characteristics. The results of this empirical study revealed that there exist a significant differences between internet use and socioeconomic characteristics in elderly people. It is hoped that the results of this study provide an essential data for developing the policy of the elderly's digital divide and welfare.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.87-111
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• 2013

Regional disparities between eastern and western regions is the most of serious problem for balanced regional development in Turkey. The Southeastern Anatolia Project (GAP) is being implemented to eliminate these regional development disparities. The work that was initially planned as predominantly for hydraulic energy production to utilize water resources of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers more effectively was later transformed into an integrated multi-sector regional development project. This study noted that this region had very limited cash crop production because of the constraints of semi-arid climate of the southeastern region, however, later, it has changed Turkey's major cotton producing region since Southeastern Anatolia Project carried out. Therefore, this study investigated background, process, and content of the Southeastern Anatolia Project with respect to high cotton productivity in this region and examined the dynamic changes of cotton productivity in this region. In addition, Sanliurfa prefecture is one of the main development axes of the Southeastern Anatolia Project, because government investments are concentrated on this prefecture. Therefore, this study examined the background and process of cotton farming growth in this prefecture. In 2011, Sanliurfa prefecture produced 37.6% of Turkey's total cotton production. This is mainly due to agricultural infrastructure expansion such as land consolidation, irrigation, roads and farm roads. Also, it is one of the main factor that subsidies paid to farmers for cotton cultivation. The introduction of irrigation has dramatically changed the direction of seasonal migration of this area. Prior to irrigation, this area had a serious social issue about out-migration for seasonal labor to other areas. However, the introduction of irrigation made this area that changed to in-migration and intramigration for cotton cultivation. Irrigation water is supplied to farmers through the WUAs (Water User Associations) that handed over irrigation water management, operation from DSI (General Directorate of State of Hydraulic Works). However, the WUAs are under the influence of Ashiret, a traditional feudal social structure. Because of this reason, it does not have an efficient management for farmers. Also, it is one of the reasons that this area does not have autonomous farmer organization.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.224-233
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• 2021

This study analyzed global Knowledge Sharing Platforms and collected stakeholder's suggestions to develop the "Korea-ASEAN Wetland Knowledge Sharing Platform (KSP)." As a result of the analysis, ① financial support and ② knowledge outcomes are essential to maintain the KSP and conduct the platform sustainably. Stakeholder suggest three significant projects (① comparative analysis of the inventory of wetlands in the Korea-ASEAN region, ② knowledge gap analysis in wetland research trends, and ③ establishing a web infrastructure for wetlands information sharing). The "Korea-ASEAN Wetland KSP" defined to be consistent with the international conventions (e.g., Ramsar Convention, Convention on Biological Diversity) goals by comprehensively considering the literature analysis and stakeholder suggestions. Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) selected as the fundamental model of the KSP. As with IPBES, knowledge management and assessment, capacity building, policy support, communication and participation adopted as the platform's core objectives. The KSP will be able to share knowledge related to the same type of wetland ecosystem within the Korea-ASEAN region and provide necessary information for establishing science-based policies.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.8
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• pp.337-355
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• 2021

Demographic changes such as an aging and low fertility, as well as changes in industrial structure and residential environment, revealed the limitations of urban development policies. Accordingly, the government is making efforts to ensure a prosperous life for the people by including the plan to expand the living SOC in the national urban regeneration policy. The main priority tasks of the Living SOC include the establishment of welfare infrastructure for children and the vulnerable. This means that interest in welfare is increasing recently. In this study, we analyzed the supply status of welfare facilities for the senior, child and the disabled in 17 cities and provinces nationwide using LQ (Location Quotient). After analyzing the causes of the imbalance in the supply of welfare facilities by region, the improvement plan was suggested. Each welfare facility was highly localized by region, especially the accessibility gap between cities and provinces is very large. Welfare finances were similar in most cities and provinces, with the exception of some cities and provinces. In the case of cities with very high living standards, sufficient facilities were not provided. Improvement methods are as follows; Combination of welfare facilities that can maximize space efficiency, Securing appropriate welfare finance in consideration of living standards by city and province, Differentiation of supply method considering demand and user types for welfare facilities.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.37-49
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• 2024

Objectives: This study aimed to explore whether there are differences in smoking status between two regions of Wonju-City and Chuncheon-City, Gangwon State, and to determine whether the experience of smoking cessation programs in the region affects quit attempts. Methods: The study design was a cross-sectional study in which adults aged 19 and older living in two cities were surveyed using a pre-developed mobile app to investigate social capital for smoking cessation, and a total of 600 citizens were participated, including 310 in Wonju-City and 290 in Chuncheon-City. The statistical analysis was conducted using chi-square test and logistic regression analysis. Results: Wonju-City had a higher prevalence of current smoking than Chuncheon-City. Among smoking cessation programs operated by local public health centers, Wonju-City had a lower odds ratio for experience with smoking cessation education than Chuncheon-City (OR=0.52, 95% CI=0.33 to 0.81). When examining the effect of smoking cessation program experience on quit attempts, in Wonju-City, citizens who had completed smoking cessation education and used a smoking cessation clinic were more likely to attempt to quit than those who had not (OR=2.31 and OR=2.29, respectively). In Chuncheon-City, citizens who were aware of smoking cessation support services were 2.26 times more likely to attempt to quit smoking than those who were not, but statistical significance was not reached due to the small sample size. Conclusion: Therefore, healthcare organizations in both regions should develop more practical intervention strategies to increase smokers' quit attempts, reduce smoking rates in the community, and address regional disparities.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• v.8
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• pp.129-138
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• 1990

This study investigated the relationship between the cutflow of rural population and agricultural policy by using time series method. For the analytical tools, decomposition time series methods and regression technique were employed in computing seasonal fluctuation and cyclical fluctuation of population migration. Also, this study predicted farmhouse, rural population till the 2000's by means of the mathematical methods. The analytical forms employed in forecasting farmhouse, rural population were Exponential curve, Gompertz curve and Transcendental form. The major findings of this study were identified as follows: 1) Rural population and farmhouse population began to decrease from 1965 and hastily went down since 1975. Rural population which accounted for 36.4 percent, 35.6 percent of national population respectively in 1960 diminished about two times: 17.5 percent, 17.1 percent respectively. 2) The rapid decreasing of the rural population was caused because of the outflow of rural people to the urban regions. Of course, that was also caused from the natural decreases but the main reason was heavily affected more the former than the latter. In the outflowing course shaped from rural to the urban regions, rural people concentrated on such metropolis as Seoul, Pusan, Keanggi. But these trends were diminishing slowly. On the other hand, compared with that of the 1970's the migration to Keanggi was still increasing in the 1980's. That is, people altered the way of migration from the migration to Seoul, Pusan to the migration to the out-skirts of Seoul. 3) The seasonal fluctuation index of population migration has gone down since the June which the request of agricultural labor force increases and has turned to be greatly wanted in the March as result of decomposition time series method. As result of cyclical analysis, the cyclical patterns of migration have greatly 7 cycle. 4) As result of forecasting the rural and farmhouse population, rural and farmhouse population in the 2000 will be about 9,655(thousand/people) and 4,429(thousand/people) respectively. Thus, it is important to analyze the probloms that rural and farmhouse population will decrease or increase by the degree. But fairly defining the agricultural into a industry that supply the food, this problem - how much our nation need the rural and farmhouse population - is greatly significant too. Therefore, the basic problems of the agricultural including the outflows of rural people are the earning differentials between rural and urban regions. And we should regard the problems of the gap of relative incomes between rural and urban regions as the main task of the agricultural policy and treat the agricultural policy in the viewpoint of developing economic equilibrium than efficiency by using actively the natural resources of the rural regions.

• The Korean Journal of Financial Management
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.77-100
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• 1992

경영성과(經營成果)의 평가지표(評價指漂)는 개별조직의 목표와 제약환경, 즉 이용가능한 자원량과 개별적 특수요인 등을 고려하여 설정하여야 하며, 산업내의 특성과 동질적 비교집단을 이해함으로써 조직의 성과와 직접적으로 연결될 수 있어야 한다. 또한 조직의 평가는 부분적(部分的)인 효율성(效率性)에 편중되지 않고 투입과 산출간의 유기적인 관계를 총체적인 관점에서 분석함으로써 종합적(綜合的) 효율성(效率性)에 그 촛점이 두어져야 한다. 이러한 문제의 인식에 바탕을 두어 본 연구에서는 Charnes, Cooper와 Rhodes(1978)에 의해 처음 개발되어 주로 비영리기관의 경영성과의 평가에 많이 사용하여 온 DEA(Data Envelopment Analysis)기법을 이용하여 금융기관(金融機關)의 효율성(效率性)을 평가(評價)한다. 금융기관은 다양한 투입요소를 사용하여 다양한 서비스 상품을 제공하는 조직이기 때문에, 또 재무비율을 이용한 기존의 평가나 통계적 생산함수의 추정에 의한 평가방법은 단순히 과거의 실적을 평가하는 데 그치게 되고 객관성이 결여되기 쉽기 때문에 조직의 미래운영방향의 설정에 도움이 되지 못한다는 단점을 가지고 있다. 그러나, DEA은 다수의 투입과 산출요소를 요구하는 경우에 적합하게 설계된 분석방법이므로 금융기관의 성과분석에 적절하게 이용될 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 먼저 금융기관(金融機關)의 효율성(效率性)을 평가(評價)하는 기존의 방법을 간략하게 검토한 다음, DEA에 관한 이론적 기초와 그 특성을 검토한다. 실증분석에서는 여 수신업무(與 受信業務)를 수행하고 있는 국내금융기관들 중에서 자료의 동질성과 표본대상 기업의 수를 고려하여 은행업(銀行業)과 투자금융업(投資金融業)을 선정하고 이들 업종에 속한 37개 회사들에 대한 운영효율성(運營效率性)을 측정한다. 투입요소로 직원의 수와 영업비용을, 그리고 산출요소로 영업수익과 경상이 익을 선정하고, 3년간의 자료를 사용하여 실증분석을 한다. 분석의 결과에 의하면, 18개 전체 은행의 평균적인 효율성의 정도는 가장 효율적인 은행을 기준으로 할 때, 약 85% 수준에 그치고 있어서, 나머지 대부분의 은행들 특히 대규모 시중은행들의 경영상의 개선의 여지가 매우 크다고 할 수 있다. 5대 시중은행들간에는 효율성의 차이가 거의 없는 반면, 지방은행들간에는 매우 큰 차이가 있는 것으로 나타난다. 이는 영업지역의 제한으로 인하여 지역경제 규모가 은행의 수지상황에 결정적인 영향을 미치고 있다는 것을 반영하고 있다. 29개 단자회사를 대상으로 한 투자금융업의 경우에도 은행업의 경우와 동일하게 낮은 효율성과 지역간 격차현상이 나타나고 있다.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.632-645
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• 2014

This paper criticized the recent Korean 'creative economy policies' focused on regional developmental implications. Even though the policies targeted to promote ICT new startups and build virtuous circle of ICT industrial ecosystem in Korea as a whole, the outside regions of the Seoul-Busan industrial axis where the bases of ICT industries are very weak would suffer from systematic exclusion in ICT investments and deepening regional disparities. Second, ICT-centered policies would selectively affect or operate commensurate with the size of regions in this low-growth, after-financial crisis age. Third, the possibilities of regional insularity and lock-in in these low levels of 'related variety' regions would worsen the industrial competitiveness. Lastly, the policies should be reoriented to fortify region-based creative economic ecosystem based upon triple helix learning region.

• Economic Analysis
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.71-123
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• 2021

In this study, we present a methodology and model to estimate land prices and the value of land assets in North Korea in the absence of any data about land characteristics from North Korean authorities. Using this framework, we experimentally make market price-based estimates for land assets across the entire urban area of North Korea. First, we estimate the determinants of land prices in South Korea using data on market prices of land from the late 1970s, when it was estimated that the income level gap between South Korea and North Korea wasn't relatively large, and from the early 1980s, when urbanization levels in both of them were similar. Second, we calculate land prices and their relative ratios for each city and urban area in North Korea around 2015 by substituting proxy variables of determinants of land prices derived through a geographic information analysis of North Korea into the function of land prices that we have already estimated. Finally, we estimate the value of land assets in urban areas across North Korea by combining the ratio of housing transaction prices surveyed in several cities in North Korea with the relative prices estimated in this research. As a result, land prices in urban areas in North Korea, looking at the relative ratio of price by city, are estimated to be the highest, at 100.00, in Tongdaewon district of Pyongyang, and to be the lowest, at 1.70, in Phungso county, Ryanggang Province. Meanwhile, the value of land assets in urbanized areas was estimated at $21.6 billion in 2015, which was 1.2 to 1.3 times the GDP of North Korea that year. This ratio is similar to South Korea's in the 1978-1980 period, when the South Korean economy grew at an average rate of 6%. Considering North Korea's growth rate of about 1% in the 2013-2014 period, its ratio of land assets to GDP appears very high.