• Proceedings of the Korean Journal of Food and Nutrition Conference
• /
• 2003.07a
• /
• pp.85-85
• /
• 2003

본 연구는 저열량 기능성 탄수화물 소재(저항전분, 식이섬유)를 이용하여 당뇨병 환자의 혈당과 지방대사를 조절하는데 도움을 줄 수 있는 치료식을 개발하기 위해 동물실험과 임상실험을 수행하여 제품의 혈당 및 지방대사 조절, 혈당조절호르몬, 장내기능조절 효과를 검증하였다. 또한 동물실험을 통해 대장에서 염증을 일으키는 것으로 알려진 deoxycholate (DOC)를 식이무게의 2%로 첨가하고, HAS는 일반전분의 50%로 대체시켰을 때 HAS가 DOC의 염증작용에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 살펴보아 HAS의 장기능 개선에 대한 기능성을 환인해보았고 저항전분이 혈당 및 혈액내 지질조성에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 인체실험 연구결과는 저항 전분을 섭취한 군에서 체중이 유의적으로 감소하였고 비만도를 나타내는 BMI도 감소하여 개발된 선식제품의 체중감소 효과가 입증되었다. 당대사 결과는 동물실험의 경우는 저항전분을 섭취한 군에서 혈당감소를 나타내고 있으나 인체실험의 경우 선식제품 섭취 후 혈당과 인슐린의 농도가 영향을 받지 않았으며 혈액 내 지방성분은 동물실험에서는 혈액내 총지방과 중성지방이 저항전분 섭취시 감소하였고, 인체실험의 경우 저항전분 시제품 섭취 후에 혈액내 중성지방량은 약간 증가하였으나 총지방량과 총콜레스테롤량, LDL-콜레스테롤량은 감소하는 효과를 보여주었다. 또한 면역능력에 대한 지표는 저항전분 시제품 섭취 후 혈액 내 면역글로부린 G가 유의적으로 증가 하였다. 동물실험을 통한 저항전분의 장기능에 관한 연구결과는 저항전분의 한 형태인 HAS의 섭취가 대장길이와 맹장무게를 증가시키며, 맹장에서의 비피더스균의 증식을 가져와 장내 SCFA의 생산을 증가시키고, 맹장내 pH 감소를 가져오며 대장 점막에서의 PGE2의 생산을 감소시켜 장 기능개선의 효과를 나타내고 있다. 그리고 이러한 효과는 DOC섭취에 의한 부작용을 완화시키는 작용을 하였다. 또한 저항전분의 동물실험 겨로가는 혈당을 감소시키며, 혈액지방 수준을 감소시키는 효과를 나타내므로 저항전분의 섭취는 장긴\ulcorner 개선, 혈당유지, 혈액지방수준 개선의 효과가 있는 것으로 보인다.

• 식품문화 한맛한얼
• /
• v.2 no.4
• /
• pp.63-64
• /
• 2009

혈압이 높은 사람들은 외부 온도가 뚝 떨어지는 겨울철에는 바깥 활동을 자제하고 항상 보온에 신경 쓰는 등 건강관리에 유념해야 한다. 단순히 혈압만 조심할 것이 아니라 고혈압 환자에게 초래될 수 있는 각종 합병증을 두루 경계해야 한다. 고혈압인 사람들은 대개 콜레스테롤과 중성지방 수치도 높기 때문에 동맥경화를 동반하고 심장 기능도 좋지 않을 뿐만 아니라 당뇨병도 있는 경우가 많다. 이처럼 여러 가지 성인병을 한꺼번에 지니고 있는 현상을 '대사증후군' 이라고 한다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.39 no.10
• /
• pp.1459-1466
• /
• 2010

This study was performed to identify the association between the metabolic syndrome and the biochemical measurements and nutrient intakes. A total of 1,431 people (533 males, 898 females) aged over 45 years living in Andong rural area participated in this study in 2003. Plasma aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), $\gamma$-glutamyl transferase ($\gamma$-GT) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) levels in metabolic syndrome were significantly higher than those in normal group. In multiple logistic regression, those biochemical measurements were found to be positively associated with the metabolic syndrome as the adjusted odds ratios (OR) 1.839 (p<0.001) by AST, 2.302 (p<0.01) by ALT, 2.143 (p<0.001) by $\gamma$-GT, and 1.874 (p<0.001) by TBARS. We also found that the increased level of those measurements tended to be strongly associated with high triglyceride among the metabolic syndrome components. However, the nutrient intakes between the metabolic syndrome and the normal group were not significantly different. Also, we could not find any nutrient intakes significantly associated with the metabolic syndrome, except high carbohydrate intake (>70% of kcal) compared to normal intake (55~70% of kcal) showed OR 0.781 (p<0.05). In analyzing the association of nutrient intakes with metabolic syndrome components, we found that the calorie intake was negatively associated with abdominal obesity (OR 0.696, p<0.05) and high fat intake (>25% of kcal) was positively associated with low HDL-cholesterol (OR 1.864, p<0.05). This study revealed that the biochemical measurements, such as plasma AST, ALT, $\gamma$-GT, and TBARS, are associated with metabolic syndrome, but considering the nutrient intakes, we suggest that further studies are needed to identify the associations.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Poultry Science Conference
• /
• 2005.11a
• /
• pp.8-16
• /
• 2005

Leptin, the product of the ob gene, is primarily produced and released from adipocytes and acts on the hypothalamus to decrease food intake and increase energy expenditure. Defect in leptin or leptin receptors results in severe metabolic syndromes such as obesity, diabetes, and hypertension Evidence suggests that leptin plays beyond a satiety factor; in fact, it is a pluripotent player In regulation of numerous body functions. Although its actions have been relatively well studied in mammals scanty data are available in birds. In this article, recent advances in understanding of the roles of leptin in chicken physiology are reviewed with the focus on the effects on food intake, lipid metabolism, development and reproduction, and stress.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
• /
• v.32 no.4
• /
• pp.322-328
• /
• 1989

The effect of dietary carnitine on ethanol-induced fattv liver and hvpertriglyceridemia was examined in an animal model. Consistent with literature, ethanol fed at 5g/Kg of b.w. to rats produced a significant increase in hepatic concentrations of total lipid, kislycerine, phospholi-pid, free cholesterol and esteriaed cholesterol as well as elevated plasma concentrations of triglvceride. It was when the ethanol diet was supplemented with D.L. camitine that there was a singini-cant reduction in the accumulation of lipids in the ethanol-compromised liver. Dietary cacti-tine was also effective in ameliorating ethanol-induced hypeuriglyceridemia. Total protein con-tents in the plasma was not varied among the groups. Ethanol의 대사과정에 관여하는 영향중에 특징적인 것으로 과유지방혈증(hyperlipidemia) 까 지방간(fatty liver)을 거쳐 간경변에 이르는 간에 관계하는 일련의 증상들을 들 수 있다. 본 실험에서는 만성적 ethanol의 지방대사 장해에 대한 D.L.-carnitine의 효과에 대해 고찰하였다. 실험용 횐쥐를 사용하여 실험군(ethanol group)에게 체중 kg당 5g의 ethanol(30% in saline)을 투여하여 알콜유발성 지방간과 과유지방혈증을 일으키고, 그 실험군 흰쥐들에게 carnitine(0.4 mg/g of body weight)을 첨가하여 그 효과를 관찰하였다. 그 결과 carnitine을 첨가하여 투여한 흰쥐들에서 ethanol처리군과 비교하여 볼 때 간과 혈장에서 지방축적이 현저히 감소하는 것을 관찰할 수 있었다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
• /
• v.16 no.7
• /
• pp.943-952
• /
• 2022

As a test for diagnosing fatty liver, recently, ultrasound and blood exam are being performed simultaneously. In particular, in the case of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein in blood exam, it is used as an index indicating the level of inflammation in various parts of the body as well as cardiovascular diseases. Thus, this study was conducted to analyze the association between metabolic syndrome components, liver function, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels according to the degree of nonalcoholic fatty liver, and use it as a clinical indicator for fatty liver diagnosis. Metabolic syndrome components, liver function and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein blood test values analyzed from 1,139 men and women over 20 years of age with nonalcoholic fatty liver in abdominal ultrasonography from March 2021 to August 2021 at the Korea Association of Health Promotion, Gwangju-Jeonnam Branch. Analyzed for all men and women, the blood test values for subjects with mild fatty liver were AST 30 U/L, ALT 32.1 U/L, γ-GTP 41.2 IU/L, and hs-CRP 0.14 mg/dL. These values were lower than the blood test values of subjects with moderate fatty liver (AST 38 U/L, ALT 47.6 U/L, γ-GTP 54.9 IU/L, hs-CRP 0.22 mg/dL) and was statistically significant (p<0.001). In this case of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein test, it is statistically significant, showing higher values in Subjects with moderate fatty liver than Subjects with mild fatty liver. thus, it is considered that hs-CRP can be used as clinical data for the prevention and management of fatty liver.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.31 no.8
• /
• pp.778-785
• /
• 2021

The germination of cucumber seeds begins with the degradation of reserved oil to fatty acids within the lipid body, which are then further metabolized to acyl-CoA. The acyl-CoA moves from the lipid body to the glyoxysome following β-oxidation for the production of acetyl-CoA. As an initial carbon source supplier, acetyl-CoA is an essential molecule in the glyoxylate cycle within the glyoxysome, which produces the metabolic intermediates of citrate and malate, among others. The glyoxylate cycle is a necessary metabolic pathway for oil seed plant germination because it produces the metabolic intermediates for the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and for gluconeogenesis, such as the oxaloacetate, which moves to the cytosol for the initiation of gluconeogenesis by phophoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK). Following reserved oil mobilization, the production and transport of various metabolic intermediates are involved in the coordinated operation and activation of multiple metabolic pathways to supply directly usable carbohydrate in the form of glucose. Furthermore, corresponding gene expression regulation compatibly transforms the microbody to glyoxysome, which contains the organelle-specific malate synthase (MS) and isocitrate lyase (ICL) enzymes during oil seed germination. Together with glyoxylate cycle, carnitine, which mediates the supplementary route of the acetyl-CoA transport mechanism via the mitochondrial BOU (A BOUT DE SOUFFLE) system, possibly plays a secondary role in lipid metabolism for enhanced plant development.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.50 no.2
• /
• pp.158-170
• /
• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between milk intake and prevalence rates of chronic diseases using KNHANES data, and the significance of the relationship was tested based on meditators, socioeconomic status (income, education), dietary behaviors (smoking, alcohol drinking, breakfast, and eating out), and physical activity (walking, medium, and high). Methods: Using the 5th and 6th survey data of KNHANES, milk intake rates and presence of seven chronic diseases were summarized and analyzed by ANOVA for two groups of adult men and women as follows: hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia, low HDL-cholesterol, diabetes, abdominal obesity, obesity, and metabolic syndrome. The dependent variables for the presence of seven chronic diseases regressed with socioeconomic, dietary behavior, and physical activity variables according to Logistic models. The dependent variables for milk intake using predictor variables of socioeconomic, dietary behaviors and physical activity were analyzed according to Logistic models. Finally, the significant socioeconomic, dietary behavior, and physical activity variables in the above model along with milk intake as a control variable or mediator variable regressed with significant chronic diseases according to Logistic models. Results: Milk intake, socioeconomic status, dietary behaviors, and physical activity were significantly different among the two groups of adult men and women, which were also critical factors to the prevalence of chronic diseases. The dependent variable for prevalence of chronic diseases regressed with significant factors of socioeconomic status, dietary behavior, and physical activity variables according to chronic diseases using the control or mediator variable of milk intake and summarized as follows: For adult men, milk intake controlled the education effect on diabetes partly, alcohol on hypertension and hypertriglyceridemia, low HDL-cholesterol, metabolic syndrome, breakfast on metabolic syndrome, eating out on obesity, and medium physical activity on hypertriglyceridemia. For adult women, household income on hypertriglyceridemia, diabetes, abdominal obesity, education level on hypertension, alcohol drinking, eating out, and walking activity on abdominal obesity, alcohol, breakfast, eating out, walking activity on low HDL-cholesterol, and medium physical activity on hypertriglyceridemia and low HDL-cholesterol were partly controlled by milk intake. Other significant socioeconomic status, dietary behavior, and physical activity variables related to prevalence of chronic diseases were fully controlled or mediated by milk intake. Conclusion: This study shows that milk intake (daily more than 200 g) prevents chronic diseases such as hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia, low HDL-cholesterol, diabetes, obesity, abdominal obesity, and metabolic syndrome.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.52 no.3
• /
• pp.268-276
• /
• 2019

Purpose: Metabolic syndrome causes diabetes and increases the risk of cardiovascular disease. This study examined the correlation between metabolic syndrome, nutrition intake, and triglyceride (TG)/high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol ratio. Methods: Using the data from the $7^{th}$ KNHANES (2016), this study was conducted on healthy adults aged 19 and older. The components and existence of metabolic syndrome and nutrition intake were independent variables and the TG/HDLcholesterol ratio was a dependent variable. A complex sample logistic progress test was used with age, sex, smoking, and drinking frequency corrected. Results: The TG/HDLcholesterol ratio of people with metabolic syndrome was as high as 1.314 on average, compared to people without metabolic syndrome (p < 0.0001). Among each component of metabolic syndrome, the TG/HDL cholesterol ratio had a significant association with fasting blood glucose, TG, HDL cholesterol, and waist circumference (p < 0.05). Only energy and carbohydrate intake were significantly related to the TG/HDLcholesterol ratio (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The TG/HDLcholesterol ratio is associated with each component of metabolic syndrome, but in particular, it is positively correlated with the presence of metabolic syndrome. Lower energy intakehad a positive correlation with the TG/HDLcholesterol ratio. These results show that metabolic syndrome can be predicted using the TG/HDLcholesterol ratio, and a diet strategy through nutrition and health education is necessary to prevent metabolic syndrome.

• The Journal of the Korean life insurance medical association
• /
• v.26
• /
• pp.13-20
• /
• 2007

대사증후군은 비만, 이상지혈증, 고혈압, 당뇨병이나 내당능 장애가 동반되어 나타나는 증후군이다. 근래 들어 우리나라도 점차 비만 인구가 증가함에 따라 대사증후군의 유병률이 빠르게 증가하는 추세를 보여. 대사증후군에 대한 간단한 개념 정리를 하였다. 먼저 대사증후군의 정의와 진단기준을 살펴보았다. 1998년 대사증후군을 명명하고 진안기준을 제시한 WHO 진단기준, NCEP-ATP III 진단기준, 인슐린 저항성 증후군의 진단기준을 살펴보고, 기타 인종에 따른 허리 둘레 기준 및 IDF 정의를 살펴 보았다. 또한 대사증후군과 관련된 여러 인자들도 다시 확인해보고, AHA/NHLBI 진단 기준도 살펴 보았다. 우리나라는 대부분 연구에서 NCEP-ATP III 기준을 적용하고 있는데, 그 내용은 복부 비만 허리둘레 남자 102cm 이상, 여자 88cm 이상, 중성 지방 150mg/dl 이상, HDL-콜레스테롤 남자 40mg/dl 미만, 여자 50mg/dl 미만, 혈압 130/85 mmHg 이상, 공복 혈당 110mg/dl 이상이다. 복부 비만의 경우는 2000년 제정된 WHO 서태평양 지역 기준인 남자 90cm, 여자 80cm 이상으로 적용하고 있다. 다음 치료의 기본 개념을 간단히 언급 하였는데, 가장 중요한 치료는 우선적으로 생활 습관의 개선을 꼽을 수 있으며, 기타 약물요법 및 인슐린 저항성 개선제 등이 있다. 우리나라 에서도 심혈관계 질환과 당뇨병이 점차 사망 원인의 우위를 차지 하고 있으므로 대사증후군을 초기에 진단하고 관리하는 노력이 매우 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 생명보험사도 대사증후군을 하나의 증후군으로 인식하여 대사증후군의 전반적인 이해가 필요할 것으로 생각된다.