• Journal of the Korean Society of Earth Science Education
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.186-198
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to identify the composition elements and processes of the rock cycle that pre-service teachers in earth science field understand. Second-year students majoring in earth science were selected as research objects, all of whom attended teacher's university located in the southern region. The methods of arranging the composition elements of the rock cycle in a structured way and displaying the cycle direction through the arrow and describing the cycle processes in detail were applied. Pre-service teachers recognized 5 composition elements: magma, igneous rocks, sediments, sedimentary rocks, metamorphic rocks of the rock cycle and cycle processes was represented into 20 branches. The cycle type was analyzed by four criteria: linear, triangular, circular, complex, some pre-teachers did not complete the loop of the cycle or some showed incomplete understanding of the cycle structure simply displayed in one direction. The rock cycle is an important theme of the earth system education characterized by dynamism and complexity.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.203-211
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• 2019

The two key factors controlling the atmospheric general circulation are the equator-to-pole temperature difference and the Coriolis force driven by Earth's rotation. Although the former's role has been extensively examined, little has been reported about the latter's effect. To better understand the atmospheric general circulation, this study investigates the responses of Hadley Cell (HC) and westerly jet to the rotation faster or slower than the present Earth's rotation rate. It turns out that the HC edge and jet position tend to move equatorward and become weaker with increasing rotation rate. In most cases, the HC edge is quasi-linearly related with the jet position except for the extremely slow or fast rotating cases. The HC edge is more inversely proportional to the root of rotation rate than the rotation rate in the range of 1/8 to 8 times of the current Earth's rotation rate. However, such a relationship does not appear in the relationship between HC strength and jet intensity. This result highlights that while the latitudinal structure of atmospheric general circulation can be, to some extent, scaled with the Earth's rotation rate, overall intensity cannot be simply explained by the Earth's rotation rate.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.699-706
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to examine the perceptions of pre-service teachers, which directly affect the concepts and ways of thinking of students who are studying Earth science. This work further seeks to identify pre-service Earth science teachers' Earth science-centered ways of thinking regarding the components and the process of water cycle. The concept sketch method was used to survey 50 pre-service teachers who majored in Earth science education at a National Teachers' University. The survey analyzed the preservice teachers' perceptions of a subordinate concept of Earth systems from the applied components of water cycle, and to code the applied concepts with the components of the water cycle based on a subordinate concept of Earth systems including Hydrosphere, Atmosphere, Geosphere, and Biosphere. The preservice teachers only perceived the components of the water cycle as ones in Hydrosphere and Atmosphere. In Biosphere, many participants lack the knowledge about how the actions of plants and animals, and human beings impact the water cycle. About the process of water cycle, the majority of the participants only perceived evaporation and precipitation as the process of cycling: their understanding about the underground flow of water was more lacking than the surface flow.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.29 no.8
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• pp.963-977
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• 2009

The purpose of this paper is to identify college students' conceptions of the earth system cycles as learners of earth science education (ESE) and draw educational implications. An eight-week creative story writing project was held with 62 non-science students taking a general course on earth science. Their creative stories were categorized by analyzing the conceptions and types of cycle with a story mapping technique. The cycle conceptions of earth systems were expressed diversely into 32; most of the cycle types were circular and complex, while the others were branch-shaped and linear types that fail to complete the cycles. College students' conceptions of the earth system cycles is biased toward natural-abiotic systems; less than 30% of them are shown to be aware of all three categories: natural-abiotic, natural-biotic, and human systems. It is essential to diversify the content of education on earth system cycles and help learners develop systematic methods of thinking so that they will be able to recognize the impacts of feedback from human activities through ESE.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.25 no.8
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• pp.684-696
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• 2004

Using six preservice teachers as subjects, this was purpose to research about concepts in understanding carbon cycle, which of concepts were related to the conception of the system, and finally whether or not the systems thinking was sufficiently around carbon cycle. To achieve this study purpose , an instrument related to carbon cycle was developed and administered to the six teachers. The study found that a total of 42 conceptions within the system were concepts related to carbon cycle. The consisted of 15 conceptions in atmosphere, 11 in atmosphere 9 in hydrosphere, and 7 in lithosphere. In aspect of applying the system thinking, 4 subjects who couldn't compose the feedback loop in their causal map failed to apply this type of thinking. The other two who applied systems thinking had 2 and 1 feedback loop each, in their causal maps. But, one of the feedback loop from the subject who made two was based on unscientific reasoning. As a result, the subjects had lower understanding of concepts related to carbon cycle in lithosphere than in atmosphere, atmosphere, and hydrosphere. Futhermore, the subjects' application of the earth systems thinking on carbon was at a low standard.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2020.06a
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• pp.267-267
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• 2020

농업유역은 농업 활동이 이루어지는 농경지와 산림지, 주거지 등으로 구성되어 있으며, 농경지에서 필요한 물을 확보, 공급하기 위한 수원공시설이 위치하고 있다. 수원공은 하천수 및 지하수를 저류, 취수하여 관개 지구에 공급하게 되는데 이로 인하여, 상, 하류 하천유황이 증가하거나 감소하게 된다. 물순환이란 비나 눈이 내려 침투, 유출, 증발산 등의 과정을 통해 공간적, 시간적으로 변화하며 이동하는 자연적인 현상을 말하며, 상하수도 등 배수시설의 영향에 따라 발생하는 인공계 물순환도 광범위한 물순환에 포함된다. 최근 불투수면의 증가, 과도한 지하수 사용 등으로 인해 하천의 건천화, 지표유출량 증가 등 물순환 구조가 왜곡되고 있으며 왜곡된 물순환 회복을 위해 물순환 선도도시 조성, 물순환 회복조례가 신설되는 등의 노력이 있었다. 물순환 선도도시 조성 및 회복조례는 불투수면의 저감, LID 기법 적용 등을 통한 물순환 개선에 초점을 맞추고 있으나, 농업유역의 물순환은 농경지와 농업용수 공급을 위한 수원공에 큰 영향을 받아 이를 통한 물순환 개선에 초점을 맞춰야 한다. 본 연구에서는 농업유역의 농경지 및 수원공 관리방안에 따른 유역 단위 물순환 변화를 평가하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 모듈 기반 농업유역 수문모형을 통해 농업유역 물순환을 모의하였으며, 물순환율 개념을 통해 유역 단위 물순환 변화를 평가하였다. 물순환율은 환경부에서 제시한 (1-직접유출률) (%)의 식과 농업유역 특성을 반영한 농업유역 물순환율 두 가지를 통해 평가하였다. 농업유역 수자원 관리방안은 수원공인 농업용 저수지의 제한 수위운영에 따른 효과와 농경지는 관개 지구에 물꼬 및 담수심 관리방안을 적용하였으며 각 관리방안에 따른 물순환율을 도출하였다. 농업용 저수지는 제한 수위운영을 통한 유역 물순환 개선 효과를 확인하였으나 관개 지구에 적용한 물꼬 및 담수심 관리방안의 효과는 미비한 것으로 나타났다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.173-173
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• 2017

지구표면에서 발생하는 물순환, 에너지순환, 탄소순환은 토지-대기-식생간의 물리화학적 관계에 의하여 발생하며 이를 모사하기 위해 지면 및 기후모델이 활용된다. 본 연구에서는 NCAR의 지면모형인 Community Land Model(CLM) v4.5를 동아시아에 적용하고자 한다. 동아시아 범위에서 Fluxtower가 설치되어 물, 에너지, 탄소 플럭스 자료가 관측된 지점에서 모형을 구동하고 결과를 평가하였다. CLM 결과에 따른 증발산(Evapotranspiration), 잠열(Latent heat), 헌혈(Sensible heat)과 같은 물 및 에너지 순환에 관한 결과 뿐 아니라 총 일차생산량(Gross primary production), 순생태계순환(Net ecosystem exchange), 생태계 호흡량(Ecosystem respiration)과 같은 탄소순환에 관한 결과를 비교, 분석하였다. 특히, 기초 결과 분석에 따라 지면 모형 내의 여러 모듈 중에서 화재 관련 모듈에 초점을 맞추어 CLM 모형을 개선하였다. 화재는 식생의 성장에 많은 영향을 미치는 모듈로서 탄소순환 모의에 중요한 역할을 한다. 전 지구 대상 모의를 기반으로 하는 CLM에서 삼림 및 초지 지역의 화재 발생는 국내총생산(Gross domestic product, GDP) 및 인구밀도에 따라 모수화되어 있으나, 이는 전 지구 혹은 지역 대상이 아닌 지점 수준의 모형적용을 위해 부적합하다. 이에 관련 모수들을 재산정하고 개선된 모형 결과를 정량화하기 위해 위에서 언급한 물순환, 에너지순환, 탄소순환 관련된 변수들의 모의값을 Fluxtower 관측값과 비교, 분석하였다.

• Journal of Science Education
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.157-169
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to analyze carbon cycle concepts based on earth systems from the perspective of high school students. The subjects for this study were seven students who have completed Earth-science I curriculum. to analyze of carbon cycle concepts based on earth systems perspective, the methods of word association, casual map and drawing were used. The results of this study were as follows: first, 5 out of 7 students have suggested carbon cycle concepts less than three. Second, the carbon cycle concepts on the change of state were 2. Also, the carbon cycle concets on process were 8. Third, 2 out of 7 students present 2 feedback loops, 3 out of 7 students 1 feedback loops, but 2 out of 7 students couldn't present the feedback loops associated with carbon cycle. Finally, As for carbon cycle concepts through drawing, 1 out of 7 students drew 9 concepts, 3 out of 9 students drew 7 concepts and the rest of them drew 5, 4, 3 concepts respectively. These results suggest that concept and feedback loop thinking skills on carbon cycle are a low level. Therefore, It is suggested that more educational programs be developed on various topics in order for high school students to improve their system thinking skills as well as knowledge integration of earth systems.

• Journal of Science Education
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.275-291
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to analyze the level and characteristics of system thinking of middle and high school students on cycle of matter in the Earth system considering the impact of human activities on the cycle. For this purpose, we developed items for assessment and assessment rubric through the analysis of 2015 revised curriculum and applying systems thinking, respectively. Middle and high school students who participated in the Korea Earth Science Olympiad were the subjects of this study. The level of system thinking was determined using the assessment rubric for student responses collected using items for assessment. The characteristics of system thinking were identified using word analysis. Based on these, the improvement of the curriculum considering the impact of human activities was discussed. The results of the study are as follows: first, the system thinking level of most secondary school students was low in identifying or classifying system elements for matter cycle, and high levels, such as system relationship or generalization of patterns, were found to be relatively small. It was found that students had a higher level of system thinking in the carbon cycle than in the water cycle. Second, in terms of the characteristics of system thinking about water cycle, water was recognized as a major system element and mainly related with evaporation between atmosphere and other system elements. Whereas, in the carbon cycle, carbon dioxide was regarded as a major system element, and photosynthesis and respiration were represented in relation with the biosphere. Third, for education considering the impact of human activities on the matter cycle in the Earth system, it is proposed improving the curriculum considering the socio-ecological system by extending the existing earth system.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.375-379
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• 2006

본 연구에서는 물순환 왜곡이 심화되고 있는 도시 하천유역을 대상으로 택지개발과 같은 도시화로 인한 영향을 검토하고, 개발로 인한 영향을 최소화할 수 있도록 적정 우수저류침투시설을 계획..설계하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 도시화 전후의 물순환의 변동특성은 WEP(Water and Energy Transfer Processes) 모형을 활용하였으며, 택지 개발 지구내 우수저류침투시설은 독일 베를린공대와 한국건설기술연구원이 공동 개발한 '공동주택 빗물관리 최적화 모형(가제)'을 활용하여 모의하였다. 대상 하천유역은 의왕시 청계동 및 포일동 일원에 도입예정인 의왕청계지구 택지개발지구를 포함한 안양천 상류의 대한교 상류유역이다. 단지 개발 전후 토지이용특성이 대부분 밭에서 중고층 주택지역으로 변경됨에 따라 불투수면적 비율이 10.5%에서 15.7%로 증가하였으며, 이로 인해 침투량, 증발산량, 지하수 유출량의 감소, 지표면 유출 및 하천으로의 유출량이 크게 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 도시화로 인한 물순환 체계의 건전화를 위해서 우수저류침투시설의 도입이 필요할 것으로 판단된다.