• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.13 no.11
• /
• pp.5238-5246
• /
• 2012

This study was done to identify the evaluation of CPSCS for neurocritical patients and provide effective nursing interventions for these patients. Data were collected from medical records of 203 neurocritical patients over 18 years of age who were admitted to the ICU of C University Hospital during the period from January 2008 to May 2009 and from October 2011 to December 2011. Collected data were analyzed through t-test, ANOVA test, Person's correlation analysis, trend analysis, stepwise multiple regression. The average CPSCS score was $112.09{\pm}18.91$ and there was a significant trendency for higher severity to lead to higher CPSCS's scores(survival: J-T:9.795, die: J-T:5.415, p=<.001). The scores of the respective areas follows measurement of vital sign($3.74{\pm}2.15$), monitoring($28.97{\pm}4.31$), activity daily living ($34.99{\pm}3.66$), feeding($.19{\pm}.98$), intravenous infusion ($18.20{\pm}8.27$), treatment/procedure ($16.93{\pm}4.90$), respiratory therapy($8.61{\pm}7.07$). By means of stepwise multiple regression analysis, the intravenous therapy & medication, respiratory therapy, activities of daily living, and monitoring area that contains the model showed a significant (F=2073.963, p<.001), and they explained 98.1% of CPSCS. These findings provide information that is relevant in designing interventions to enhance CPSCS among neurocritical patients in hospital.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
• /
• 2012.05a
• /
• pp.343-344
• /
• 2012

본 연구는 중증도가 높은 신경계중환자를 대상으로 중환자 중증도 분류도구와 Glasgow coma scale 적용의 유용성을 검정하고자 하는데 있다. 본 연구에서 대상자의 일반적 특성 및 임상 관련 특성에 따른 사망률 확인, 중환자 중증도 분류도구(CPSCS)의 일반적 특성, 임상관련 특성에 따른 중증도 차이, GCS의 일반적 특성과 임상관련 특성에 따른 중증도 차이를 파악하고, 임상적 유용성을 검정하고자 한다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
• /
• 2024.01a
• /
• pp.325-327
• /
• 2024

국내외에서 AI기반 의료 솔루션 시장은 빠른 속도로 확장 중이며 이에 따른 다양한 의학 분야에서 많은 기법을 통한 의료 AI 시스템이 등장하고 있다. 그러나 기존 다양한 AI 연구가 이뤄짐에도 아직 중환자의 징후 예측에는 많은 어려움이 있다. 또한, 중환자의 경우 현재 의료진만으로 모든 환자를 필요한 시기에 진료하기엔 어려움이 있고 환자 상태 조기 예측이 필수적임을 관련 다양한 의학 기사를 통해 쉽게 인지할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 위와 같은 문제점을 해결하고자 중환자의 진료 결과 데이터를 활용하여 환자의 진료 후 상태를 예측하는 모델을 생성하였다. '용인시산업진흥원'에서 제공하는 60만여 건에 달하는 환자 데이터를 수집하여, 중환자 상태 징후를 조기에 예측할 수 있는 머신러닝/딥러닝 기반 알고리즘으로 구현한 여러 모델에 대해 비교했을 때 딥러닝(DNN) 기반 모델이 약 92%의 분류 정확도를 측정할 수 있었다.

• Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.24-35
• /
• 2020

Purpose : This study aimed to determine whether the Korean Patient Classification System for Neonatal Care Nurses (KPCSN) properly measures neonatal intensive care needs and to compare the scale's results with those of the Workload Management System for Critical Care Nurses (WMSCN). Methods : Data were collected from the medical records of 157 patients who were admitted to the NICU of a university hospital, in D city. Two types of patient classification systems were applied to investigate the total points and distributions to investigate the total points and distributions by categories and compare relationships and classification groups between two scales. Finally, the score distribution among the classification groups was analyzed when the KPCSN was applied. Results : Scores on the KPCSN for the feeding, monitoring, and measure categories were 19.16±15.40, 16.88±3.52, and 9.13±4.78, respectively. Classification group distribution of the KPCSN was as follows : 1.9% for the first group, 24.2% for the second group, 58% for the third group, and 15.9% for the fourth group. The classification group distribution of the WMSCN was as follows: 35.7% for the third group, 61.1% for the fourth group, and 3.2% for the fifth group. Finally, the scores by categories were analyzed according to KPCSN classification group, and the characteristics of the patients' nursing needs were identified for each classification group. Conclusion : Results of this study indicate that the KPCSN effectively measures feeding needs, which account for many nursing activities in neonatal intensive care. Comparisons between the KPCSN and WMSCN classification group scores and distribution ratios verified the correlation and significance of nursing requirements.

• Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing
• /
• v.2 no.1
• /
• pp.48-57
• /
• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to establish reliability and validity and to identify the conversion index. Method: The WMSCN for ICU was revised from Workload Management System for Nurses(WMSN) of Walter Reed Army Hospital. Reliability of the WMSCN was evaluated interrater reliability between head nurses and staff nurses at 124 patients in April 2008. Validity through the correlation between direct nursing care hours and WMSCN score was conducted at 20 ICUs of 10 hospitals. Finally the conversion index was identified by total nursing hours and it divided by WMSCN score. Results: The scores by nurses were highly correlated with head nurses’(p=.967), and also scores of the WMSCN were highly correlated with the direct nursing care hours(p<.001). The distribution of patient classification ranks into class V(61.3%), class IV(24.2%) and class VI(11.3%). The scores of the WMSCN were no differences between MICU and SICU. Finally, the conversion index was 8.2 minutes. Conclusion: WMSCN is available to classify the nursing workload for critical care patients. The repeated evaluation of validity and reliability are requisite to use WMSCN effectively. And the conversion index should be adjusted to estimate the appropriate staffing in Korea.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
• /
• v.19 no.1
• /
• pp.33-44
• /
• 2013

Purpose: This study was done to develop a valid and reliable Classification System for Critical Care Nursing (CSCCN) to be used in Intensive Care Units (ICUs). Methods: Head nurses and staff nurses of 17 ICUs in 6 hospitals classified 307 patients to verify interrater reliability. To verify construct validity, the staff nurses classified 404 patients according to CSCCN comparing difference in medical department and type of stay in ICU. For conversion index, 78 patients from 4 ICUs of 'S' hospital were classified and nursing time was measured by 107 nurses and 18 nurse aids using stopwatches. Results: The developed CSCCN has 11 categories, 76 nursing activities and 101 criteria. The reliability was verified as having high agreement (r=.946). The construct validity was verified comparing differences in medical department and type of stay in ICU. According to scores, four groups in the CSCCN classification were identified. According to the conversion index, one score on the CSCCN means 7.2 minutes of nursing time. Conclusion: CSCCN can be used to measure diverse and complex nursing demands including psycho-social aspects of ICU patients and convert nursing demands to numbers.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
• /
• v.21 no.3
• /
• pp.401-411
• /
• 2015

Purpose: This study was performed to develop a valid and reliable Korean Patient Classification System for Critical Care Nurses (KPCSC). Methods: Tertiary and general hospitals with various levels of ICU nurse staffing were included. To verify interrater reliability, data collectors and staff nurses of 15 ICUs in 11 hospitals classified 262 patients. To verify construct validity, the staff nurses classified 457 patients according to KPCSC comparing difference by medical department and type of stay in ICU. For conversion index, 195 patients from 10 ICUs in 7 hospitals were classified and nursing time was measured by 174 nurses, 7 head nurses, 18 charge nurses, 37 nurse aids and 1 secretary. Results: The developed KPCSC has 11 categories, 82 nursing activities and 115 criterias. Reliability was found to have high agreement (r=.96). Construct validity was verified by comparing differences in medical department and type of stay in ICU. According to scores, four groups in the KPCSC were identified. One score on the KPCSC indicates 6.12 minutes of nursing time. Conclusion: The findings show that the KPCSC can be used to measure new and complex nursing demands including rehabilitation and the safety of ICU patients.

• Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.1-12
• /
• 2017

Purpose: This study aimed to estimate the appropriate nurse staffing ratio in intensive care units (ICUs) by measuring nursing workload based on patient's severity and needs, using the Korean Patient Classification System for critical care nurses. Methods: The data were collected from January 18 to February 29, 2016 using a standardized checklist by observation or self-report. During the study period, 723 patients were included to be categorized from I to IV using the patient classification system. Measurement of total nursing workload on a shift was calculated in terms of hours based on the time and motion method by using tools for surveying nursing activities. The nursing activities were categorized as direct nursing care, indirect nursing care, and personal time. Total of 127 cases were included in measuring direct nursing time and 18 nurses participated in measuring indirect and personal time. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: Two patients were classified into Class I (11.1%), 5 into Class II (27.8%), 9 into Class III (50%), and two into Class IV (11.1%). The amount of direct nursing care required for Class IV (513.7 min) was significantly more than that required for Class I (135.4 min). Direct and indirect nursing care was provided more often during the day shift as compared to the evening or night shifts. These findings provided the rationale for determining the appropriate ratio for nursing staff per shift based on the nursing workload in each shift. Conclusions: An appropriate ratio of nurse staffing should be ensured in ICUs to re-arrange the workload of nurses to help them provide essential direct care for patients.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.37 no.3
• /
• pp.373-380
• /
• 2007

Purpose: The objective of our study was to figure out costs of nursing services in ICU based on the PCS in order to determine an appropriate nursing fee schedule. Method: Data was collected from 2 hospitals from April 15-16 to April 22-23, 2003. The costs of nursing services in the ICU were analyzed by nursing time based on the nursing intensity. The inpatients in the ICU were classified by a PCS tool developed by the Korean Clinical Nurses Association(2000). Results: The distribution of patients by PCS in the ICU ranged from class IV to Class VI. The higher PCS in ICU consumed more nursing time. As a result, the higher nursing intensity, the more the daily average nursing costs in the ICU. Conclusion: Our study provides evidence to refine the current nursing fee schedule that does not differentiate from the volume of nursing services based on nursing time. We strongly recommend that the current reimbursement system for nursing services should be applied not only to the general nursing units but also to the ICU or other special nursing units.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
• /
• v.22 no.2
• /
• pp.205-216
• /
• 2016

Purpose: This study was performed to develop a valid and reliable Korean Patient Classification System for Neonatal care nurses (KPCSN). Methods: The study was conducted in tertiary and general hospitals with 1~2 grade according to nursing fee differentiation policy for NICU (neonatal intensive care unit) nurse staffing. The reliability was evaluated for the classification of 218 patients by 10 nurse managers and 56 staff nurses working in NICUs from 10 hospitals. To verify construct validity, 208 patients were classified and compared for the type of stay, gestational age, birth weight, and current body weight. Nursing time was measured by nurses, nurse managers, and nurse aids. For the calculation of conversion index (total nursing time divided by the KPCSN score), 426 patients were classified using the KPCSN. Data were collected from September 5 to October 28, 2015, and analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, intraclass correlation coefficient, and non-hierarchial cluster analysis. Results: The final KPCSN consisted of 11 nursing categories, 71 nursing activities and 111 criteria. The reliability of the KPCSN was r=.83 (p<.001). The construct validity was established. The KPCSN score was classified into four groups; group $1:{\leq}57points$, group 2: 58~80 points, group 3: 81~108 points, and group $4:{\geq}109points$ in the KPSCN score. The conversion index was calculated as 7.45 minutes/classification score. Conclusion: The KPCSN can be utilized to measure specific and complex nursing demands for infants receiving care in the NICUs.