• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.55-63
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify cell phone addiction in school-age children and factors influencing addiction. Methods: The participants were 163 parents of elementary school students in the 1st to 4th grades. Data were collected through self-report questionnaires completed by the parents, and analyzed using the SPSS/WIN 19.0 IBM program. Results: Of the children, 86.5% were reported as being average users, 9.2%, at risk users, and 4.3%, at high risk users. Cell phone addiction in the children was significantly different according to games played by the children and parents' monthly income. Significant factors influencing cell phone addiction in the children were children's self-control, games played by the children, parents' cell phone addiction and parental control for children's cell phone use, explaining 24% of variance in cell phone addiction. Conclusion: The findings indicate that cell phone addiction in school-age children is influenced by parent-related factors as well as personal factors. Therefore approaches to education programs on cell phone use in school-age children should include parent-related factors as well as personal factors of the children.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.46-54
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors affecting depression in mothers of children with disabilities and to identify the relationships between the depression, parenting-stress and self-esteem. Methods: The participants were 100 mothers of children with disabilities lving in G city. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA and Pearson Correlation Coefficients with SPSS/PC+ 21.0. Results: There was a significant relationship between depression and parenting stress (p<.001). Depression was negatively correlated with self-esteem (p<.001). Variables affecting depression were parenting-stress, self-esteem and family income. The three factors accounted for 38.7% of the depression. Conclusion: The results of the study show that parenting-stress and selfe-steem are the most significant factors affecting depression. There is an urgent need to develop nursing interventions to reduce levels of depression in mothers of children with disabilities and to help them lead a healthier life.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.74-81
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify predictors of spiritual well-being and meaning in life for adolescents with leukemia. Methods: Participants were 102 adolescents (11-21 years) recruited at C university hospital from June to August in 2014. The eligible participants were diagnosed with leukemia and are on follow-up care at the outpatient clinic. Participants were assessed for spiritual well-being, meaning in life, self-esteem, and social support. Results: Levels of spiritual well-being and meaning in life for these adolescents with leukemia were 3.69 out of 6 and 3.10 out of 4, respectively. Self-esteem and social support from family were factors affecting spiritual well-being. Self-esteem, existential well-being and social support from family and friends were predictive for meaning in life and accounted for 68% of total variance. Conclusion: The results show that there are several factors affecting spiritual well-being and meaning in life in adolescents with leukemia. Therefore, nursing intervention programs for adolescents with leukemia should include strengthening self-esteem and social support as well as considering the spiritual aspect of life in order to find meaning in life beyond leukemia.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2014

Purpose: The purposes of the study were to develop and test a model which explains the relationship among factors affecting behavioral problems in elementary school children. Methods: The participants for the study were 368 elementary school children and their mothers at 3 elementary schools in one city. Data analysis was done using the SPSS 17.0 program for t-test, -test, and ANOVA and the AMOS 17.0 program for theoretical model testing. Results: The theoretical model showed a significant goodness of fit to the empirical data (Goodness of Fit Index: .96, Adjusted Goodness of Fit Index: .93 Comparative Fit Index: .95, Root Mean Square Error of Approximation: .06, Standardized Root Mean Square Residual: .02). Six paths were found to be statistically significant including from child rearing attitude to self-esteem, stress, stress coping and behavioral problems, and from self-esteem to stress and behavioral problems. Child rearing attitude showed a significant effect to behavioral problems by total effect. Self-esteem affected behavioral problems by total and direct effects. Conclusion: Child rearing attitude and selfesteem of children are important factors affecting behavioral problems in elementary school children.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.21 no.9
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• pp.1219-1225
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• 2011

Phytochemicals, non-nutrient chemicals derived from plants, have been shown to have anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, and chemopreventive effects. In the current study, we investigated whether five different phytochemicals (resveratrol, genistein, epicatechin gallate, diallyl disulfide, and caffeic acid phenethyl ester) alter cell growth and gene expression in human colorectal cancer HCT116 cells. Using a cell viability assay, we found that each of the phytochemicals tested inhibited HCT116 cell growth in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, using human oligo DNA microarray analysis, we found that only six genes were commonly up-regulated and seven genes were commonly down-regulated in response to each phytochemical treatment. For the commonly up-regulated genes, the microarray analysis was confirmed by reverse transcription.PCR using gene-specific primers. In addition, NAG-1 protein was up-regulated by all treated phytochemcials. The results of this study may help to enhance our understanding of the general molecular mechanisms of chemoprevention that are mediated by phytochemicals in human colorectal cancer.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.1-13
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• 2009

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine factors influencing stress coping behaviors of elementary students in Korea. Methods: This study used a descriptive comparative survey design. A total of 1,161 elementary students voluntarily participated in the study from 10 schools at three regional levels (large and medium-sized cities, and rural towns). Coping behaviors were measured by the modified Ways of Coping Checklist. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, and multiple regression. Results: The most commonly used stress coping behavior reported by the participants was mystic coping, followed by positive coping, and negative coping. Students living in the large city and female students tended to use more coping behaviors than students living in the medium-sized city or rural towns and male students, respectively. Positive coping behaviors were associated with high school performance while myotic coping behaviors were associated high life satisfaction. Conclusion: Elementary students who are males, dissatisfied with their lives, or living in large cities or rural towns tended to be at risk for poor coping. There were differences in factors influencing coping behaviors by type of coping behaviors. An approach to building a successful coping behavior that is specifically tailored to the gender subsets of population and region-specific social and physical environment is recommended.

• The Journal of Korean society of community based occupational therapy
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.37-47
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• 2017

Objective : The main purpose of this study was to analyze factors affecting a health related quality of life(HRQOL) in the elderly stroke patients with(Group 1) or without(Group 2) sequela. Methods : This survey performed secondary analysis with 'the fifth korea national health and nutrition examination survey', and investigated 91 elderly stroke patients over 65 years. Results : The results were as followed: HRQOL and self rated health had a significantly lower in Group 1(p<.05). In all groups, HRQOL was affected by self rated health(${\beta}=0.39$), mental health, and medical health significantly(p<.05). In group 1, HRQOL was affected by mental health(${\beta}=0.45$), self rated health significantly(p<.05). In group 2, HRQOL was affected by medical health(${\beta}=0.45$), functional health, mental health significantly(p<.05). Conclusion : In order to improve the HRQOL of stroke patients during rehabilitative therapy, it is important that early detection and early intervention of depression and suicide, which affect mental health status, are important in the case of severe aftereffects. If the patient continues to support his/her current status regardless of aftereffects, he/she can improve the HRQOL with functional recovery of the stroke patient, and finally have a positive effect on the independence of the stroke patients.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.8 no.9
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• pp.357-364
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to investigate the exercise periods changes of the waist stabilization exercise on the inspiratory and expiratory pressure of stroke patients. Thirty-six stroke patients were divided into 17 lumbar stabilization group(LSEG) and 19 general exercise group(GPEG). In both groups, inspiratory and expiratory pressure using a respiratory pressure device was measured over 4 and 8 weeks. At maximal expiratory pressure, LSEG was significantly increased in Before, 4 weeks and 8 weeks according to the period, but there was no significant difference in GPEG in all periods. At maximal inspiratory presusre, there was no significant difference in LSEG between before-4 weeks and 4-8 weeks, but there was a significant increase in Before-8weeks. There was no significant difference in all periods of GPEG group. There was no significant difference in the amount of change between the two groups. In this study, it was found that the lumbar stabilization exercise was effective in improving the expiratory pressure in the stroke patients. If the stroke patient continues to lumbar stabilization exercise, it is also an effective method for inspiratory pressure. Future studies are expected to study individual respiratory muscle measurements after lumbar stabilization exercise.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.11 no.9
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• pp.51-57
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a thoracic mobilization exercise using the Kaltenborn on the convergence lung function. The study was conducted on 20 university students in their 20s over a four-week period. The 20 subjects were randomly selective assigned to a Kaltenborn thoracic mobilization exercise group and diaphragm exercise control group. The experimental group performed a Kaltenborn thoracic mobilization exercise for 30 minutes. The control group performed a diaphragmatic breathing exercise for 30 minutes. Each exercise program was performed three times a week for four weeks. When comparing the breathing capacity of the experimental and controls before and after the experiment, the experimental group showed significant changes in TV, IRV. In testing the differences between the experimental and controls in their changes after the experiment, TV, IRV showed a significant change. Based on the results of this study, a thoracic mobilization exercise using the Kaltenborn thoracic mobilization exercise may have positively affected the extrementals lung function. Therefore, if a thoracic mobilization exercise using the Kaltenborn is combined with a respiratory exercise program in the future, it will likely become a more effective treatment technique.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.53-62
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• 2014

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate duty-related incidental stress, coping method, and stress factors in 133 new firefighters. Methods: A self-reported questionnaire was administrated to 133 new firefighters between April and May 2010. It consisted of 33 and 62 items concerning duty-related incident stress and coping methods, respectively. Data were analyzed by using the t-test, analysis of variance, Pearson correlation coefficient analysis, and multiple regression analysis. Results: New firefighters experienced the most stress when inappropriately dispatched. Duty-related incidental stress correlated with active (r = .420, p < .001) and passive coping (r = .450, p < .001). Also active coping statistically correlated with passive coping (r = .890, p < .001). Influencing factors of duty-related incidental stress were passive coping (t = 2.12, p < .05), experience of having a co-worker in a dangerous situation (t = 3.30, p < .001), having less than 6 months of work experience (t = 2.30, p < .05), and experience of having oneself in a dangerous situation (t = 2.05, p < .05). Conclusion: New firefighters need to be provided with training on active coping to prevent posttraumatic stress disorders and, social support immediately after an inappropriate and stressful dispatch.