• Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Sciences Society Conference
• /
• 2006.11a
• /
• pp.475-478
• /
• 2006

부산 일부지역 토양의 중금속 오염과 농작물로의 전이에 의한 중금속 오염을 측정하고자 산분해에 의한 함량분석을 실험하였다. 대상지역 토양의 pH는 $5.62{\sim}6.71$의 범위였으며, 평균 중금속 함량은 $0.05{\sim}19.39ppm$의 범위에서 Mn(13.82ppm)>Zn(8.33ppm)>Pb(2.89ppm)>Cu(0.99ppm)>Cd (0.07ppm)의 분포로 나타났고, 조사대상 중금속의 토양중의 함량은 모두 Clarke수보다 작은 값으로 측정되어 오염도가 낮은 상태였다. 농작물에는 Cd(0.04ppm)$Pb\;6.6%{\sim}Zn\;87.6%$의 범위였다.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
• /
• v.31 no.4
• /
• pp.300-305
• /
• 1993

Neurospora crassa accumulated cadmium. iron, manganese and lead in the mycelium. The growth of N. crassa was inhibited in the presence of cadmium but not in the presence of iron or manganese. In the presence of lead. the growth of N. crassa was accelerated. In the presence of cadmium. mycelium became thick and a conidiospore grew into a mycelial ball instead of normal threadlike gro~1h. Each metal wa'i accumulated in different subcellular organelles bound to protein and induced different proteins.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
• /
• v.5 no.1
• /
• pp.30-34
• /
• 1986

This study was carried out to determine the heavy metal contents in sluges of Keumho river and her branches. The heavy metal contents of sludge are the highest in Sincheon, Kongdancheon and Dalseocheon among the branches. The large part of heavy metal exists in $0{\sim}5cm$ from sludge surface. The sequential extraction with various reagents showed that the residual and organically bound fraction were the most abundant pool. Decomposition of organic matter caused sludge to release heavy metals. On the extraction of sludge with various solution having different pH, it was found that the lower the pH, the more heavy metal was extracted. However, considerable amount of heavy metal was not extracted even with pH 3 solution.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
• /
• v.22 no.3
• /
• pp.575-585
• /
• 2000

Mass and elemental dry deposition fluxes and ambient particle size distributions were measured using dry deposition plates, a cascade impactor. and a CPS(Coarse Particle Sampler), from July to November 1998 in Seoul. Korea. Primarily anthropogenic elemental fluxes (Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn) were on average one to two orders of magnitude lower than primarily crustal elements (Al, Ca). Complete total and elemental particle size distributions showed trimodal size distributions due to the peak in particles larger than $10{\mu}m$ in diameter. A multi-step model and the Sehmel-Hodgson model were used to calculate total and cumulative deposition fluxes. The result indicated that dry deposition fluxes were extremely sensitive to the mass of particles larger than $10{\mu}m$ in diameter due to their high dry deposition velocities. The result showed that particles larger than $10{\mu}m$ in diameter dominated atmospheric dry deposition. The modeled fluxes calculated using the measured atmospheric particle size distributions and modeled deposition velocities were compared to measured ones. In general, the measured mass and elemental fluxes agreed well with the modeled ones.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
• /
• v.11
• /
• pp.111-120
• /
• 1993

We investigated in the existential forms of heavy metals and their distribution in plant and soil surrounding ruined mine in Daduk area. The content of heavy metals in soils was more plentiful in A soil than that in another soil, excepting only Mn. The content of Mn in soils was greater in B soil than those in another soils. The content of each heavy metals, according to existential form, had different patterns on the comparision of each elements ; organic-form on Cd and As, Carbonate-form Cu, Pb and Mn and Residual-form on Fe and Zn. The popularity ration of M. senensis and J. decipiens were about 65% and 72%, respectively, and which means that these plants had resistances to heavy metals. The contents of heavy metals absorbed in root was higher than those of stem except Mn, In M. sinensis, the contents of Zn in root was similar to that of stem. To study the heavy metal contents in water, the highest content of heavy metal, mainly Fe, Mn and Zn, were calculated in extracting water.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
• /
• v.19 no.1
• /
• pp.98-104
• /
• 2008

This research was performed to evaluate the extraction characteristics of heavy metals for soil washing of mine tailings-contaminated soil according to particle size distribution and the chemical distributional existence of the metals. As the soil particle size was decreased, the extracted concentrations of heavy metals was increased except Fe and Mn. Most of all heavy metals were extracted within 6 h by soil washing with 0.05 M EDTA. Extraction efficiency of metals was decreased for Pb, Cu, and Zn with decreasing of particle size. Significant difference was not observed in extraction efficiency for Cd according to particle size distribution. Extraction efficiency for Cd was the highest as 86~91%, while the lowest as 5~14% for Fe. Most metals of the soil without soil washing was distributed as reducible, oxidizable, and residual fractions. Pb, Zn, and Cd existed as reducible (Fe/Mn oxide) and residual fractions and Cu existed as oxidizable and residual fractions after soil washing treatment with 0.05 M EDTA. As the soil particle size was decreased, residual fraction was increased for Pb and Cu. About 90% of reducible fraction in Pb, Zn, and Cd was removed by soil washing with 0.05 M EDTA. As the results, it was founded that soil particle size was the important parameter to effect on distributional fraction and extraction efficiency of metals in mine tailings-contaminated soil.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.203-214
• /
• 2002

The statistical model was introduced to satisfy various experimental condition on the sorption of heavy metals (Pb, Cu, Cd, and Zn) by bentonite. The Box-Behnken model designed statistically was applied to determine relative impact among three variables such as pH, HCO$_3$ contents and heavy metal concentrations on the sorption. The SAS program was used to obtain the statistical solution. The statistical surface response analysis indicates that initial concentration of heavy metals and pH have an important effect on the sorption, and bicarbonate is not a serious variable. The sorption capability about heavy metals of bentonite is in the order of Pb>Cu>Zn>Cd. The precipitation as hydroxyl and carbonate complexes of heavy metals was thermodynamically analyzed as major mechanism of sorption under alkaline pHs and high bicarbonate solution. It was found that there is a little difference between the model prediction on the precipitation of heavy metals and the results of batch sorption experiment. The thermodynamic data of the programs have to revise to obtain the best fit condition between the model prediction and the experimental results.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
• /
• v.8 no.4
• /
• pp.49-58
• /
• 2006

The extent and degree of contaminated sediments on lake Paldang were analyzed at 40 sites for organic matters, nutrients and heavy metals. COD, T-N and T-P were fairly correlated with the grain size of sediments, and the sites which were most distributed with sand were less contaminated with the sites covered with silt and clay. Phosphorus species were in the range of 7-58 for adsorbed-P, $13{\sim}411{\mu}g/g$ for NAI-P, $52{\sim}482{\mu}g/g$ for Apatite-P and $75{\sim}894{\mu}g/g$ for residual-P, respectively. Although heavy metals of sediments were detected at the range of $0.2-4.2{\mu}g/g$(Cr), $1.6{\sim}20.7{\mu}g/g$(Cu), 1.4~78.0ng/g(Hg), $2.1{\sim}18.9{\mu}g/g$(Pb), $1.8{\sim}99.5{\mu}g/g$(Zn), further survey over the long period were required for more monitoring data. The release rate of nutrients were found no relationship in this study.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
• /
• v.11 no.3
• /
• pp.141-149
• /
• 2009

Objective of this study was to characterize the particle size distribution(PSD) and quantify the pollutant concentration in highway runoff. Runoff samples during two rainfall events at four road sites in Gyunggi-Do were collected and PSD and associated pollutant distribution was quantified. Also, rainfall amount, flow rate, and other pollutants in samples were analyzed. PSDs in each sample were analyzed and compared with temporal trends of other pollutants. High partial event mean concentrations(PEMC) of particulates were observed at the beginning of runoff and rapid decrease thereafter. Other pollution parameters such as turbidity, TSS, BOD, TN, and TP also have similar temporal runoff trend with the PEMC. Especially PEMC was well correlated with total suspended solids(TSS) and turbidity. Cu, Pb, Zn had high concentration both runoff and sediment. Heavy metals in sediment were strongly bound to fine particles that have the large surface area-to-volume ratios.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
• /
• v.20 no.4
• /
• pp.297-302
• /
• 2001

To compare the relationship between the vertical distribution of heavy metals in paddy soil and soil pH near four abandoned metal mines, 40 paddy surface soils $(0{\sim}15\;cm)$ and 12 soils with soil depths ($0{\sim}20$, $20{\sim}40$, $40{\sim}60$, $60{\sim}80$ and $80{\sim}100$ cm) were collected. Both total and extractable heavy metal contents in soils were analyzed after acid digestion $(HNO_3:HClO_4:H_2SO_4)$ and 0.1 N-HCl extraction, respectively. The 0.1 N-HCl fraction ratio over total contents of Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn were 57, 30, 23, and 19% respectively. Vertical distribution of heavy metals varied considerably among the different mines. In Choil mine, there was no difference in concentrations of all the metals with soil layers. However, Cu and Pb contents in Gahak mime were high at $0{\sim}20\;cm$ depth, and Zn was high at $0{\sim}40\;cm$ depth. In Sinyemi mine, Cd and Cu contents were high at $0{\sim}40\;cm$ depth. Cd, Cu, and Pb contents in Okcheon mine were high through all soil profiles up to 100 cm soil depth. The 0.1 N-HCl fraction ratio over total contents of heavy metals with soil layers were very high at $0{\sim}20\;cm$ depth. As soil depth increased, fraction ratio of heavy metals decreased at the high soil pH (Gahak, Sinyemi, and Choil mines). However, the ratios of Cd, Cu, and Pb in Okcheon mine, having a relatively lower soil pH than other sites, were relatively similar through all the soil profiles up to 100 cm soil depth. Therefore, it was estimated that the mobility and availability of heavy metals in soils were affected by soil pH.